BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC QUẢN LÝ VÀ CÔNG NGHỆ HẢI PHÒNG ------------------------------- KHÓA LUẬN TỐT NGHIỆP NGÀNH: NGÔN NGỮ ANH- ANH Sinh viên : Đào Thị Hồng Nhung Giảng viên hướng dẫn : Th.S Nguyễn Thị Quỳnh Hoa HẢI PHÒNG – 2021 BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC QUẢN LÝ VÀ CÔNG NGHỆ HẢI PHÒNG ----------------------------------- A STUDY ON DIFFERENCES AND SIMILARITIES OF SAYING SORRY IN ENGLISH AND VIETNAMESE KHÓA LUẬN TỐT NGHIỆP ĐẠI HỌC HỆ CHÍNH QUY NGÀNH: NGÔN NGỮ ANH- ANH Sinh viên : Đào Thị Hồng Nhung Giảng viên hướng dẫn : Th.S Nguyễn Thị Quỳnh Hoa HẢI PHÒNG– 2021 BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC QUẢN LÝ VÀ CÔNG NGHỆ HẢI PHÒNG ------------------------------------- NHIỆM VỤ ĐỀ TÀI TỐT NGHIỆP Sinh viên: Đào Thị Hồng Nhung Mã SV: 1712751001 Lớp: NA2101A Ngành: Ngôn ngữ Anh- Anh Tên đề tài: A Study on differences and similarities of saying sorry in English and Vietnamese NHIỆM VỤ ĐỀ TÀI 1. Nội dung và các yêu cầu cần giải quyết trong nhiệm vụ đề tài tốt nghiệp ( về lý luận, thực tiễn, các số liệu cần tính toán và các bản vẽ). Các số liệu cần thiết để thiết kế, tính toán. Địa điểm thực tập tốt nghiệp.
CÁN BỘ HƯỚNG DẪN ĐỀ TÀI TỐT NGHIỆP Họ và tên: Nguyễn Thị Quỳnh Hoa Học hàm, học vị: Thạc sĩ Cơ quan công tác: Trường Đại học Quản lý và Công nghệ Hải Phòng Nội dung hướng dẫn: A Study on differences and similarities of saying sorry in English and Vietnamese Đề tài tốt nghiệp được giao ngày 12 tháng 7 năm 2021 Yêu cầu phải hoàn thành xong trước ngày 2 tháng 10 năm 2021 Đã nhận nhiệm vụ ĐTTN Đã giao nhiệm vụ ĐTTN Sinh viên Người hướng dẫn Đào Thị Hồng Nhung Th.S Nguyễn Thị Quỳnh Hoa Hải Phòng, ngày .năm 2021 TRƯỞNG KHOA TS. Trần Thị Ngọc Liên CỘNG HÒA XÃ HỘI CHỦ NGHĨA VIỆT NAM Độc lập - Tự do - Hạnh phúc PHIẾU NHẬN XÉT CỦA GIẢNG VIÊN HƯỚNG DẪN TỐT NGHIỆP Họ và tên giảng viên:. Họ và tên sinh viên:. Nội dung hướng dẫn:.
Tinh thần thái độ của sinh viên trong quá trình làm đề tài tốt nghiệp. Đánh giá chất lượng của đồ án/khóa luận (so với nội dung yêu cầu đã đề ra trong nhiệm vụ Đ.N trên các mặt lý luận, thực tiễn, tính toán số liệu…). Ý kiến của giảng viên hướng dẫn tốt nghiệp Được bảo vệ Không được bảo vệ Điểm hướng dẫn Hải Phòng, ngày … tháng … năm. Giảng viên hướng dẫn (Ký và ghi rõ họ tên) QC20-B18 Th.
Nguyễn Thị Quỳnh Hoa CỘNG HÒA XÃ HỘI CHỦ NGHĨA VIỆT NAM Độc lập - Tự do - Hạnh phúc PHIẾU NHẬN XÉT CỦA GIẢNG VIÊN CHẤM PHẢN BIỆN Họ và tên giảng viên:. Họ và tên sinh viên:. Đề tài tốt nghiệp:. Phần nhận xét của giáo viên chấm phản biện.
Những mặt còn hạn chế. Ý kiến của giảng viênchấm phản biện Được bảo vệ Không được bảo vệ Điểm phản biện Hải Phòng, ngày … tháng … năm. Giảng viên chấm phản biện (Ký và ghi rõ họ tên) QC20-B19 DECLARARATION I certify that the work “A study on differences and similarities of saying sorry in English and Vietnamese” presented in this study report has been performed and interpreted solely by myself. I confirm that this word is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement of the graduate thesis and has not been submitted elsewhere in any other form.
Dao Thi Hong Nhung ABSTRACT This paper investigates how similarly and differently native speakers of English and Vietnamese use apologies in terms of cross-cultural perspective in the light of 5 apology strategies including: an expressing of apology, an explanation or account of the situation, acknowledgement of responsibility, an offer of repair and a promise of forbearance. The data are utterances and discourse of many characters from movies and short stories of foreign countries and Vietnamese. The study is of a descriptive nature. The prime findings of the study reveal that English and Vietnamese native speakers are nearly similar in the choice of apology forms appropriate in admitting guilt with an explanation and different in using apologizing words.
The Vietnamese native speakers less give apologies than native speakers of English. It seems that the English native speakers give apologies more politely than Vietnamese people but in Vietnamese culture instead of using apologizing word Vietnamese people have different ways of speaking to show the politeness. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The process of carrying out dissertation is the most important period in every student’s life. Graduate dissertation is foundation helping us equip research skills and valuable knowledge to start a career.
First of all, I would like to express my sincere thanks to all the lecturers of the Foreign Language Department at Hai Phong University of Management and Technology who have enthusiastically taught me the necessary knowledge during 4 years. In addition, my heartfelt gratitude is dedicated to Ms. Nguyen Thi Quynh Hoa, MA, for her precious advices, guidance and support in the pursuance of this study. Finally, I also want to thank Hai Phong University of Management and Technology for creating opportunity and favourable condition for me to implement this study.
Because of my limited knowledge, I could not avoid the mistakes in the process of studying and perfecting the dissertation. I hope that I can receive comments from the teachers. Thank you sincerely, Hai Phong, 2021 TABLE OF CONTENT ACKNOWLEDGEMENT. 10 TABLE OF CONTENT.
Aims of the study. Methods of the study. Scope of the study. 2 PART II: DEVELOPMENT.
4 CHAPTER 1: THEORICAL BACKGROUND .1 Definitions of culture. The components of culture. Cross-cultural communication. Definitions of speech acts.
Speech acts of apology. Definition of politeness. Politeness across culture. Politeness in apology.
Definitions of apology. Forms of apology in English and Vietnamese. Functions of apologizing. Apologizing as a ritual.
Apology as a retrospective and anticipatory apologies. Reason using apology strategies. Design of study. Source of data.
The technique of study. 23 CHAPTER 3: FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION. An expression of apology. An explanation or account of the situation.
Acknowledgment of responsibility. An offer of repair. A promise of forbearance. The similarities of saying sorry in English and Vietnamese.
The differences of saying sorry in English and Vietnamese. For the students. For the further studies. 42 Lists of figures Figure 1: Levine and adalman’s iceburg of culture (Nguyen Quang, 1998)…………9 Figure 2: Similarities between apology structures in English and Vietnamese.
17 Figure 3: The total of Apology strategy used by the characters in English and Vietnamese short stories and films. 26 PART I: INTRODUCTION 1, Rationale Brown (1994: 165) describes that “a language is a part of a culture and a culture is a part of a language; the two are intricately interwoven so that one cannot separate the two without losing the significance of either language or culture”, it means culture and language are inseparable, so learning a foreign language had better associate in learning foreign culture. Nowadays, English is used as an international language all over the world as well as a mean of communication with different purposes. And Vietnam is integrating with many countries around the world so learning English is getting more and more essential.
However, the difficulty is that understanding how to communicate effectively with individuals speaking another language or relying on different means to reach effective communication. As we know, communication plays an important role in people’s life. It can not only be exchanged information, ideas and feelings among people but also used to create, maintain and strengthen social relations. There are many various ways of communication but verbal communication is the most prevalent and significant form.
Thanks to verbal communication, people have performed a lot of different actions to express their intentions and feelings, in which “saying sorry” is commonly used. According to Martin Luther, “ you are not only responsible for what you say, but also for what you not say”. In a word, it is impossible to do everything right all the time, everywhere without hurting anyone. The people will have moments when they make mistakes then feel ashamed.
No matter how intentional or unintentional they are, an apology in those situation is perfectly reasonable. Apology is one of the cultural features that English learners need to pay attention. “Saying sorry” simply help the people realize their mistakes in order that they can seek the forgiveness and correct themselves. In addition, it also contributes to create and improve relations among people expressing the beauty in behavioral culture over the world.
However, with various social level and culture, people quite often use different ways of apologies. For the reasons, finding the similarities and differences in English and Vietnamese to “say sorry” is crucial. The finding hopefully helps Vietnamese learners communicate with foreigners effectively and avoid unexpected circumstances 1 caused by differences in apology strategies. To accomplish these objects, the study requires answering the following questions: a.
How do the Vietnamese and English native speakers express apologies? b. What are the apology strategies used by the Vietnamese and English native speakers? c. What are the similarities and differences in saying sorry between Vietnamese and English? 2. Aims of the study The aim of this study is finding out distinctions and resemblances in apology-givings between English and Vietnamese in terms of cross-cultural features.
In addition, the effect of cultural and social behaviors in apologizing will be discovered. As a matter of fact, Vietnamese people can be more confident when communicating with the native speakers of English and use apologies exactly in specific situations. Methods of the study The study is based on analyzing and comparative methods. The tools for this research are mostly from books, reference materials and internet.
Firstly, data and reference materials are mainly collected from books to understand the reality of using apologies in English. In the next stage, apologizing ways in Vietnamese culture are compared with English so that we can analyze to the similarities and differences in making apologies between English and Vietnamese by providing background. After that, some suggestions are given for English leaners to use apologies precisely in particular circumstances. Scope of the study A cross culture study is a very large scale.
Due to my knowledge limitation as well as experience, the distinctions and resemblances in “saying sorry” between English and Vietnamese are taken in consideration. Hopefully, this study will partly help English learners have general knowledge and understanding about apologizing ways to get easier to communicate with native speakers. Organization of the study This study is divided into three parts as follows: Part I: Introduction including rationale, aims, methods, scope and design of the study. Part II: Development is separated from 3 chapters: Chapter 1: Theorical background presenting a review of related literature about 2 definitions of culture, cross-cultural communication, speech acts, politeness and apology.
Chapter 2: Methology discussing data source and some methods to complete this study. Chapter 3: Findings and discussion with the target is that illustrating and demonstrating the differences and similarities of saying sorry in English and Vietnamese Part III: Conclusion is the last section to summary this study and give some suggestions for English learners and further studies. 3 PART II: DEVELOPMENT CHAPTER 1: THEORICAL BACKGROUND 1.1 Definitions of culture Word ‘culture’ comes from the Latin word ‘cultura,’ related to cult or worship. In its broadest sense, the term refers to the result of human interaction.
Society’s culture comprises the shared values, understandings, assumptions, and goals that are learned from earlier generations, imposed by present members of society, and passed on to succeeding generations.