Quản lý rủi ro lãi suất tại Ngân hàng Thương mại Sài Gòn

Luận văn thạc sĩ phân tích ueh interrest rate risk management a case study of saigon commercial bank, đánh giá thực trạng, chỉ ra hạn chế, đề xuất giải pháp khả thi cho thực tiễn.

Chuyên ngành

Finance- Banking

Người đăng

Ẩn danh

Thể loại

Master’s Thesis

2010

71
0
0

Phí lưu trữ

30 Point

Mục lục chi tiết

Acknowledgements

Abstract

Table of contents

1. Chapter 1: Introduction

1.1. Rationale

1.2. Problem statement

1.3. Research questions

1.4. Research objectives

1.5. Significance

1.6. Research Methodology

1.7. Structure of research

2. Chapter 2: Literature review

2.1. Asset/Liability Management

2.2. Interest rate risk

2.3. Interest rate risk structure

2.4. Interest rate risk measurement

3. Chapter 3: Research methodology

4. Chapter 4: Analysis and findings

4.1. The findings of data analysis

4.2. Measure interest rate risk in Vietnamese banks

4.3. Advantages and disadvantages of current methods

4.3.1. The advantages of current methods

4.3.2. The disadvantages of current methods

4.4. Experience of measuring interest rate risk

4.5. Expectation of interest rate risk measurement

4.6. Measuring interest rate risk with income simulation model

4.7. Conclusions to research questions

4.8. Recommendations for Vietnamese banks

4.9. Recommendations for the government

4.10. Limitations of research

List of figures

Abbreviations

Trích đoạn nội dung tài liệu

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS- HOCHIMINH CITY TRẦN THIỆN DUY MASTER’S THESIS Ho Chi Minh City -2010 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS- HOCHIMINH CITY TRẦN THIỆN DUY MASTER’S THESIS In Finance- Banking Ology Code: 60.D NGUYỄN THỊ NGỌC TRANG Ho Chi Minh City -2010 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com i Acknowledgements I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude and deepest appreciation to my research supervisor, Ph.D Nguyen Thi Ngoc Trang for her precious guidance, share of experience, ceaseless encouragement and valuable suggestion, advice and help. Without her, this study could not have been completed. Special thanks are sent to all instructors and staff at Postgraduate Faculty, University of Economics Ho Chi Minh city (UEH) for their support and valuable knowledge during my study in UEH. I also express my appreciation to Professor Dr. Nguyen Dong Phong, UEH deputy rector, for creating the MBA program in English. I also wish to thank my colleagues from SCB, my friends in Tinnghia bank, Vietbank, ACB, Saigonbank, LienViet bank, HDbank to help me during colleting data as well as support me during doing research. Specially, my thanks go to Mrs Hua Minh Dai University of Phoenix in Arizona USA, and Mr Nguyen Huu Thu- banking specialist- for a lot of useful information and advice sent during my study. Last but not least, the deepest and most sincere gratitude goes to my beloved mother, elder brother and my wife Nguyen Vu Phuong Giao for their boundless support and encouragement during my entire study period. LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com ii Abstract Interest rate risk is one of important financial risks to banking business as other financial intermediaries. The fluctuation of interest rate risk affects directly the bank’s balance sheet issuances. The changed structure of bank’s balance sheet causes the relative movement of a bank’s earnings and net worth. Many large banks have to set up their own process and principles to manage interest rate risk which is based on the content guidelines of Basel II as the standard procedure in terms of risk management in order to manage interest rate risk. To manage interest rate risk, many measurement techniques have been used such as dollar gap, duration gap, simulation analysis, value at risk analysis, and option adjusted spread analysis. Each method has its strengths and weaknesses. Choosing an appropriate method depends on the source of interest rate risk, the complexity of operation and capability of that model. While some foreign banks in Vietnam such as HSBC, ANZ use simulation and value at risk as main techniques for interest rate risk measurement, a large number of Vietnamese banks measure their interest rate risk by the maturity gap or dollar gap method as fundamental analysis. Actually, some banks in Vietnam do not pay attention to interest rate measurement seriously. Therefore, this paper emphasizes current methods that Vietnamese banks have been using to measure interest rate risk, and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of those methods. In reality, the current method that Vietnamese banks use to calculate their interest rate risk is inappropriate due to the interest rate fluctuation in recent years and it LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com iii shall need being replaced. A more appropriate method, earning simulation model or income simulation model, which can cover all shortcomings of the dollar gap should be discussed and suggested to apply for interest rate risk measurement in the context of Vietnam. Basing on the analysis of real situations, this paper also proposes some recommendations for the Vietnamese banking system to apply such a model in real condition and as well for the government in macroeconomic management. Keywords: dollar gap; duration gap; income simulation model; interest rate risk; spread. LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com iv Table of contents Acknowledgements . ii Table of contents . iv List of figures . vii Chapter 1: Introduction 1.7 Structure of research .8 Chapter 2: Literature review 2.1 Asset/Liability Management.2 Interest rate risk .3 Interest rate risk structure.4 Interest rate risk measurement .25 Chapter 4: Analysis and findings 4.26 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.2 The findings of data analysis .1 Measure interest rate risk in Vietnamese banks.2 Advantages and disadvantages of current methods .1 The advantages of current methods.2 The disadvantages of current methods .3 Experience of measuring interest rate risk .4 Expectation of interest rate risk measurement .5 Measuring interest rate risk with income simulation model .1 Conclusions to research questions .1 Recommendations for Vietnamese banks .2 Recommendations for the government .3 Limitations of research .58 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com vi List of figures Figure 4.1 : Sample of gap report Figure 4.2 : Sample graphic displays Figure 4.3 : IRR measurement (for example 1% increase) Figure 4.4 : Adjusted interest rate risk measurement Figure 4.5 : Average mobilizing rate and lending rate 2008-2010 Figure 4.6 : Framework of income simulation model LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com vii Abbreviations ALCO : Asset and Liability Management Committee ALM : Asset and Liability Management CDs : Certificate of deposits CIC : Credit information centre GSO : General statistic office IRR : Interest rate risk RSA : Interest rate sensitive asset RSL : Interest rate sensitive liability SBV : State Bank of Vietnam VND : Vietnam dong WTO : World trade organization LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com 1 Chapter 1: Introduction 1.1 Rationale At the end of 2007, Vietnam was confronted with the economy overheating resulting from massive capital inflows. The government had to push out VND to absorb approximately 10 billion US dollar and increased monetary base in the economy resulting in double-digit inflation appearance. At the same time, global financial crisis has been occurred. The financial crisis, originating in the United States, affected foreign demand and global financial market. The international prices of commodities exported by Vietnam were on a declining trend, export orders for garments and other industrial products collapsed, and a slowdown in manufacturing became noticeable. The government reacted swiftly to economic shock. Subsequent stimulus measures have prevented a collapse of economic activity and have put the economy on a recovery track. Vietnam had to raise massive of financial and monetary polices to rebalance the economy. The government has applied a tightened monetary policy which demonstrated the government‘s resolution in maintaining the priority policy on inflation control and growth. Some of those were issuance of central bank note, increasing reserve requirement ratio and interest rate hikes to withdraw money out off economy. SBV applied strict tightened monetary policies through the prime rate adjustment. They increased prime rate up to 12% in June 2008 and reached to 14% in July 2008, lasting until December of 2008. In the last quarter of 2008, when the inflation was in controllable situation, SBV changed their monetary policies in order to accelerate for growth objective ahead. The government opened their LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com 2 monetary supply basing on observation, control, and flexible reactions to unforeseen outside impact. The State Bank of Vietnam greatly relaxed monetary policy from November 2009 onwards, confirming a trend cautiously initiated in June. They have implemented to bring down the prime rate to 7% since the first quarter of 2009 and cut down the required reserve ratio. Since that time, the government has continuously followed flexible policies in order to stabilize economy. The subsequences of financial crisis and substantial adjustment of government policies have pushed commercial banks in Vietnam into interest rate race which been lasted competitively. After SBV deregulated ceiling deposit interest rate of 12% and boost basic interest rate up by 12%, actually up by 14%, lending interest rate had been up by 18% as well. Most of banks had increased mobilizing interest rate to attract capital and borrowed from inter-bank market to meet liquidity requirement for solving their difficulty situation. During to the crisis period, inter-bank market rate had reached to peak of 20% and lending interest rate had increased up by 21%. Most of commercial banks had fallen into difficult situation of facing interest rate risk when interest rate has been moving in large spread and uncontrollable. They had to adjust their profit plan and increase their capital adequacy for meeting the safety requirement. Various later analyses showed that one of reasons leading to heavily impacts of financial crisis to Vietnamese banks is that a number of Vietnamese banks have ignored risk management assignments, especially in interest rate risk management which directly effects to interest income of banks. Because they have been lack of interest rate risk monitoring, measuring and controlling methods and business LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com 3 contingency plan as well, so they have been bearing interest rate passively Therefore, a measurement of interest rate risk should be learned and applied in order to limit the interest rate risk impacting to the interest income in the condition of interest rate fluctuation, unpredictable financial market problems and government policies for oriented- market economy. In order to meet the regulation of Basel II, principles for the management and supervision of interest rate risk, 2004, Vietnamese banks should not only establish rate management process including business strategy, system of internal controls but also incorporate the supervisory treatment of interest rate risk in the banking book. In particular, Vietnamese banks should have got “effective interest rate risk measurement, monitoring and controlling function within the interest rate risk management process” 1.2 Problem statement Vietnam has to open financial market in the rout of entering WTO, so the requirement of risk management in the banking sector becomes more necessary for integrating global financial business and competing with foreign banks. The application of risk management standard is not only essential for asset and liability management but also helpful for raising capability of banking management. The interest rate risk management is properly a part of asset and liability management. An important purpose of asset and liability management is that how to adjust the items on balance sheet and off- balance sheet in order to mitigate the effect of changing interest rate to LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com 4 projected profit. Therefore, the problem is that how to measure the interest rate risk for mitigating the impact of interest rate to interest income. According to interest rate risk measurement of a number of banks in Vietnam, the interest rate risk has been measured by gap analysis. The dollar-value gap analysis, the simple form measurement, is the dollar value of those assets on a bank's balance sheet that are sensitive to changes in interest rates, less the bank's liabilities that are sensitive to interest rate changes in specific time band. The gap between sensitive assets and sensitive liability reflect bank sensitivity position. The changes in net interest income can be calculated by multiply dollar volume gap with the changing of interest rate. However, it is simple and do not meet the need of the interest rate risk management. To recover the weaknesses of the dollar gap analysis, duration gap analysis, a more sophisticated form of interest rate risk measurement, can be applied. The duration gap is a measure of an asset’s or a liability's sensitivity to a given change in interest rates. A bank's duration gap is the dollar-weighted duration of the bank's assets less the dollar-weighted duration of the bank's liabilities. Banks with a positive duration gap see net interest margins widen if interest rates were to rise (or to see net interest margin erode if rates were to fall). Banks with a negative gap would see net interest margin erode if rates rise (or would see net interest margin widen if rates were to fall).

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