VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HA NOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST - GRADUATE STUDIES ****************** CHUNG THỊ HUYỀN USING VISUAL AIDS AND PHYSICAL ACTIONS IN TEACHING ENGLISH VOCABULARY FOR THE ELEMENTARY STUDENTS AT ENCI ENGLISH CENTER (Sử dụng giáo cụ trực quan và động tác hình thể trong việc dạy từ vựng tiếng Anh cho những học viên ở trình độ cơ bản tại trung tâm Anh ngữ Enci) M. MINOR PROGRAMME THESIS Field: English Teaching Methodology Code: 60140111 HANOI - 2016 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HA NOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST - GRADUATE STUDIES ******************* CHUNG THỊ HUYỀN USING VISUAL AIDS AND PHYSICAL ACTIONS IN TEACHING ENGLISH VOCABULARY FOR THE ELEMENTARY STUDENTS AT ENCI ENGLISH CENTER (Sử dụng giáo cụ trực quan và động tác hình thể trong việc dạy từ vựng tiếng Anh cho những học viên ở trình độ cơ bản tại trung tâm Anh ngữ Enci) M. MINOR PROGRAMME THESIS Field: English Teaching Methodology Code: 60140111 Supervisor: Assoc. Lê Hùng Tiến HANOI - 2016 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com DECLARATION I hereby declare that the minor thesis entitled “Using visual aids and physical actions in teaching English vocabulary for the elementary students at Enci English Center” is the achievement of my own efforts and a long time on research without being tired in order for the fulfillment of the prerequisite for the Degree of Master of Arts at College of Foreign Languages and International Studies, Vietnam National University, Hanoi.
This study involves no material that has been written by any other researchers and accepted for any other degrees in any other universities except due reference that has been acknowledged at the end of the thesis paper. Hanoi,2016 Chung Thị Huyền i TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This thesis could not have been completed without the help and support from a number of people. First and foremost, I would like to express my sincerest gratitude to my supervisor, Assoc. Lê Hùng Tiến, who has patiently and constantly supported me through the stages of the study, and whose stimulating ideas, expertise, and suggestions have inspired me greatly through my growth as an academic researcher.
A special word of thanks goes to all the teachers of the Faculty of Post - Graduate Studies at University of Languages and International Studies, Vietnam National University, Hanoi for their useful lectures, assistance and enthusiasm during my course. Without their support and encouragement, it would never have been possible for me to have this thesis accomplished. Additionally, I would like to express my sincere thanks to my beloved students of GPL 100 and GPL 106 at Enci English center with their participation in and dedication to the research. Without their support, the thesis would not have taken shaped.
Finally, I want to show my appreciation to all the members in my family because of their help during the time I conducted my study as well as in my whole life. ii TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com ABSTRACTS This study presents an attempt to investigate visual-based techniques in vocabulary teaching and the lexical learning gains of the elementary EFL learners at Enci English Center after the course with the application of these aids. The data from a range of sources including observations, questionnaires, and written tests were collected from thirty language learners at the elementary level at an English center over the period of nine weeks. The analysis of data using both qualitative and quantitative techniques indicated that the participants had a significantly better performance at the end of the period of study.
The results offer a wealth of pedagogical implications towards vocabulary learning classrooms. Key words: visual aids, physical actions, ESL classroom, learning English vocabulary, students at the elementary level, Enci English center. iii TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS.
iv ABBREVIATIONS AND CONVENTIONS. viii LISTS OF TABLES AND CHARTS. Error! Bookmark not defined. Rationale and significance of the study.
The purpose of the study………………………………………………………………. Scope of the study. Methods of the study. The design of the study.5 CHAPTER I: LITERATURE REVIEW.
The importance of vocabulary in second language teaching and learning:. Definition of vocabulary. Definition of vocabulary teaching. The changing trends of vocabulary importance in second language teaching and learning.
Principles of vocabulary teaching to elementary learners. Different teaching techniques and their effects on vocabulary teaching and learning. Using synonyms and antonyms. Teaching words using contexts.
Using morphological analysis in vocabulary teaching. Using collocation in vocabulary instruction. Topic-based vocabulary instruction .10 iv TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail. Visual aids and physical actions (mime) as a motivator for second language vocabulary learning.
Definition of visual aids. Types of visual techniques. The existing views on using visual aids and physical actions (mime) in teaching a foreign language vocabulary .13 CHAPTER TWO: METHODOLOGY. A brief description of the course book.
Research method- Classroom action research. General description of individual action research. Action research model. Identifying the problem.
Identifying research questions. The reason of choosing observation in data collection. The criteria of observation. The reason of choosing questionnaire in data collection.
Description of the questionnaire .23 v TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail. Data analysis of classroom observation. Data analysis of the questionnaire. Students’ demographic information.
Data analysis of students’ questionnaire. The students' views toward the use of visual aids and physical actions in vocabulary teaching and the effectiveness of visual-based lexical instruction. The amount of vocabulary remembered by the learners after the course with visually-supported lexical instruction. The learners‟ views on the purpose of visual techniques employed in vocabulary instruction.
The students‟ views toward the effects of visual techniques on their vocabulary learning. The students‟ views toward the difficulties in learning vocabulary through visual techniques. Data analysis of mid-term tests…………………………………………28 6. The description of lessons to illustrate the changes that were made:.
Data analysis of the questionnaire and post-tests. The difference in the students' attitude toward the use of visual aids and physical actions in vocabulary teaching before and after the lessons being modified. The difference in the amount of vocabulary remembered by the learners before and after the lessons being modified. The difference in the test results of the participants before and after the lessons being modified.
The difference in the students‟ views toward their problems in vocabulary learning with visual-based techniques before and after lessons being modified .32 vi TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com CHAPTER THREE: FINDINGS AND DICUSSION .33 Research question 1: What are the learners’ attitudes towards learning vocabulary through visual aids and physical movements? .33 Research question 2: To what extend do visual techniques affect the students’ vocabulary learning? How have students improved after the experience of visual techniques?.34 Research question 3: What difficulties do students have in learning vocabulary with visual-based instruction?. Summary of the study. Suggestions and recommendations. Limitations and suggestions for further studies .II APPENDIX III…………………………………………………………………….V APPENDIX IV……………………………………………………………………IX APPENDIX V……………………………………………………………………XII APPENDIX VI………………………………………………………………….XVI vii TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com ABBREVIATIONS AND CONVENTIONS EFL: English as Foreign Language MA: Master of Arts L2: Second language ESL: English as Second Language.
GPL: Grammar, Pronunciation Low viii TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com LISTS OF TABLES AND CHARTS Table 1: The learners‟ views toward the purpose of visual techniques employed in vocabulary instruction…………………………………………………….26 Table 2: The students‟ views toward the effects of visual techniques on their vocabulary learning……………………………………………………….26 Table 3: The students‟ views toward the difficulties in learning vocabulary through visual techniques………………….………………………………………27 Chart 1: The students' attitude toward the use of visual aids and physical actions in vocabulary teaching…….…………………………………………………24 Chart 2: The learners' evaluation of the effectiveness of visual-based lexical instruction…………………………………………………………………24 Chart 3: The amount of vocabulary remembered by the learners after visually- supported lexical lessons………………………………………………….25 Chart 4: The percentage of students with and without difficulties in learning vocabulary through visual techniques…………………………………….27 Chart 5: The students' lexical competence in the middle of the course with visual techniques………………………………………………………………….28 Chart 6: The difference in the students' attitude toward the use of visual aids and physical action in vocabulary teaching before and after lessons being modified………………………………………………………………….30 Chart 7: The difference in the amount of vocabulary remembered by the learners after the first half and the second half of the course………………………30 Chart 8: The difference in mid-term test results of participants and their post- test results…………………………………………………………………….31 Chart 9: The difference in the students‟ views toward their problems in vocabulary learning with visual-based techniques before and after lessons being modified.32 ix TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com PART A: INTRODUCTION 1. Rationale and significance of the study The globalization is being followed by various changes in the world including the dominance of foreign language learning. However, the trend has exposed many people to a variety of obstacles as a result of the fact that not all of us were born to be talented at acquiring a new language. Among the complex aspects of a foreign language, vocabulary is one of the greatest problems to the learners.
According to Wei-Wei Shen (2003), when students learn a foreign language, many think that learning vocabulary is fundamental, important, but difficult. Nevertheless, it is impossible for this aspect of language to be ignored because Wilkins (1972) insisted that “without grammar very little can be conveyed, without vocabulary nothing can be conveyed”. It cannot be refused that vocabulary is extremely important in language teaching and learning because regardless of written form or spoken form, vocabulary plays a great role in expressing thoughts and feelings. McCarthy (1990) argues: 'No matter how well the student learns grammar, no matter how successfully the sounds of L2 are mastered, without words to express a wide range of meanings, communication in an L2 just cannot happen in any meaningful way'.
All the points reveal that vocabulary is the most important thing in a language because without lexical items, no meaningful communication can be created. However, to master it exposes language learners to many difficulties and takes both much time and efforts. Meanwhile, almost all of the students lack patience to wait for success. This requires those who work as language instructors to discover the best way to make lexical items more interesting and easier to their students.
How should we do in order to help our students overcome the obsession of learning a set of new words? And how can language learners be motivated to gain the better performance in this significant aspect of language? These are puzzles towards to those who have devoted their time to the instruction of foreign languages. In fact, language learners tend to pay attention to the things which catch their interests and impression. Sesnan (2001) describes a good teacher as the one who does not only use a good teaching method, but also takes into consideration of how to teach 1 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com students to learn effectively by themselves and to help them to be involved in the learning process with more interest. In addition, he suggests some main ways to hold students‟ interest such as: audio-visual aids including objects, flash cards, pictures, overhead projector transparency, film, video, and language activities like games, songs, story-telling, projects.
Of these supplementary materials, using visual aids and physical movements is commonly regarded as an effective lexical instruction method, which can create a motivating and comfortable learning environment. It is the reason why in my thesis paper, I want to investigate the use of visual techniques in vocabulary teaching to the English beginners at my English center. This aims to gain the knowledge of the method‟s effectiveness in vocabulary learning as well as the learners‟ attitude towards their learning experience with these aids.