‘VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI TNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUTHES FACULTY OF POST-GRADTATE STUDIES 00@0——— NGUYÊN THỊ HẢI STRATEGIES TO CORRECT COMMON ERRORS IN PRONOUNCING ENGLISH FINAL CONSONANT CLUSTERS MADE BY SECOND-YEAR ENGLISH-MAJORED STUDENTS AT PHUONG DONG UNIVERSITY (NHỮNG CIHÉN LƯỢC SỬA CÁC LỐI TIIVONG GAP KIII PITAT AM NHÓM PHỤ ÂM CUỐI TRONG TIỆNG ANH CỦA SINH VIÊN NĂM TIIƯ HAI CHUYÊN TIENG ANIL TRUONG ĐẠI HỌC PHƯƠNG ĐÔNG) M. Minor Programme ‘Thesis Field: English Language Teaching Methodology Code: 60 14 10 Hanoi— 2011 VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOL UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST-GRADUATE STUDIES NGUYEN THI HAI STRATEGIES TO CORRECT COMMON ERRORS IN PRONOUNCING ENGLISH FINAL CONSONANT CLUSTERS MADE BY SECOND-YEAR ENGLISH-MAJORED STUDENTS. AT PHUONG DONG UNIVERSITY (NHỮNG CHIẾN LƯỢC SỬA CÁC LỖI THƯỜNG GẶP KHI PHÁT AM NHÓM PHỤ ÂM CUỒI TRONG TIẾNG ANH CỦA SINH VIÊN NĂM THỨ HAI CHUYÊN TIỂNG ANH TRƯỜNG DẠI HỌC PHƯƠNG ĐÔNG) M. Minor Programme ‘Thesis Field: English Language Teaching Methadnlogy Code: 60 14 10 Supervisor: Nguyén Hoang Lan, M.
A Hanoi - 2011 TABLE OF CONTENTS CANDIDATE'S STATEMENT. ese viestestuiteiesiesieteel ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ii ABSTRACT.- „li TABLE OF CONTENTS. LIST OF TABLES, CHARIS. Aims of the study.
Scope of the study- 2 4. Method of the study 3 5. Thesis Design 3 PART 2: DEVELOPMENT 5 CHAPTER 1: LITERATURE REVIEW 5 1. English pronunciation 5 LLL.
Standard English Pronunciation 5 L. Aspects of English pronunciation 5 1. English final consonants and consonant clusters 7 1. A comparison between English and Vietnamese final consonants.
Final consonant clusters errors 13 4. Findings fiom observation and discussions 31 4.3, Comparison of the two findings 33 4A, Strategies to correct final clusters errors 33 PART CONCLUSION 38 1. Summary of major findings. Limitations and suggestions for further study REFERENCES.
APPENDIX 1: Checklist for recording. APPENDIX 2: Findings from recardings. APPENDIX 3: Checklist for observation. APPENDIX 4: Findings from observation.
‘This study was implemented for a group of 30 Linglish-major second-year students at Phuong Rong University who arc warking will the course book “Tet’s talk 2” by Leo Jones (2002) 4. Mcthod of the study 30 English-majored second-year students ftom class 509701A2 were ehosen to participate in this study. Recording and observation were two methods used to collect data. The data analysis procedure incladed two stops.
In the first stage, all the speeches that the students presented in their mid-term oral test were recorded and used for take-home analysis. Next, all the errors made by students were counted in terms of types, sounds frequency and scriousness in order tơ find out a list of cornu promnciation errors students make with final clusters, At the same time, tapes recorded ftom students were sent to a group of three English teachers to help analyze and find errors and error frequency. After that, the data were converted into tables and charts. In the sccond stage, the results from recording analysis were used to design a checklist for observation process when each student was askod to road the wards individually, The resnlls collected from observation wore ther compared with the results fom recording analysis to prepare for the next stage where suitable solutions to students’ pronunciation errors with final clusters were suggested.
Thesis Design This thesis consists of three parts, namely Introduction, Development and Conclusion. Part 1, the Introduction, presents the rationale, the aims, the scope and the method of the study. Part 2 is the development with four chapters. Chapter 1 (Literature review) introduces some key concepts necessary for understanding this rescarch including Standard English Pronunciation, English final consonants & consonant clusters, Vietnamese final consonants, Errors vs.
mistakes, Pronunciation errors and Krror correction. Also, it reviews some provious stuties related Io the topic. Clupler 2 (Selling) gives an overview of vit LIST OF TABLES Table |: Table of consonant sounds pp. 6-7, ‘Table 2: Component of consonant clusters Table 3: Reduction errors found in the data from recordings ‘Table 4: Substitution errors found in the data fiom recordings Table 5: Exrors ftom students’ reading out loud the 230 errors from recordings ‘Table 6: Details of errors from observation.
LIST OF CHARTS Chart 1: ‘Types of errors Chart 2: Comparison of two results from recordings and observation PART 1: INTRODUCTION 1. Rationale of the study English has become an important demand for schooling and job opportunities in the past few years; however, many Vietnamese speakers do not have intelligible English pronunciation so as to bz casily understood in ditccl cormmunivation with forcigners, Leamers with serious pronunciation errors will certainly fail in communication, Therefore, it is very essential to research learners’ pronunciation errors, and then to seek out suitable strategies to solve the problems. Among many pronunciation errors thal learners af Pinglish as a second fanguage are likely to make (ie. intonation, stress, ending sounds, etc.), exrors with final consonant clusters can be considered serious because “learners” inability to produce final consonant clusters can lead to incomprehensibility” (Avery & Erhlich, 1992, p53).
In the same Ting, Cclec- Murcia, Brinton & Goodwin (1996) supported that inaccurate pronunciation of consonant clusters can make English language leamers’ speech difficult for native speakers to understand, particularly in cases where the lamers usc epenthesis to break up clusters or omit a consonant in a cluster (as cited n Arnold, 2009). Serious as it might be, problems with final clusters can be considered as one typical pronunciation error of Vietnamese learners. According to an earlier research by the Auslralian Goverment publivation Asian Language Moles (1978; as cited in Pham, 2009), “Gnitial clusters do not cause many problems, but final clusters are found extremely hard for Vietnamese students”. Also in an article about common challenges faced by Vietnamese icarners, Deshayes (2005, p.6) firmly stated that “English consonant clusters give Vietnamese leamers problems not only because they do not have these consonant combinations in their own language, but also because they produce a variety of syllable lypes”, English pronunciation teaching and learning context at PDU.
Chapter 3 (Msthadology) demonstrates a clear and detailed plan to collect adequate and reliable data for analysis including the selection of subjects, research instruments, procedures of data collection as wall as procedsrss of data analysis, Chaplor 4 (Results and Discussions) mainly deals with the findings Grom the recardings and observation, Some discussions about these findings can also be found in this chapter Part 3, the Conclusion, discusses the major findings and limitations of the research as well a provides suggestions for fiathor siudy PART 1: INTRODUCTION 1. Rationale of the study English has become an important demand for schooling and job opportunities in the past few years; however, many Vietnamese speakers do not have intelligible English pronunciation so as to bz casily understood in ditccl cormmunivation with forcigners, Leamers with serious pronunciation errors will certainly fail in communication, Therefore, it is very essential to research learners’ pronunciation errors, and then to seek out suitable strategies to solve the problems. Among many pronunciation errors thal learners af Pinglish as a second fanguage are likely to make (ie. intonation, stress, ending sounds, etc.), exrors with final consonant clusters can be considered serious because “learners” inability to produce final consonant clusters can lead to incomprehensibility” (Avery & Erhlich, 1992, p53).
In the same Ting, Cclec- Murcia, Brinton & Goodwin (1996) supported that inaccurate pronunciation of consonant clusters can make English language leamers’ speech difficult for native speakers to understand, particularly in cases where the lamers usc epenthesis to break up clusters or omit a consonant in a cluster (as cited n Arnold, 2009). Serious as it might be, problems with final clusters can be considered as one typical pronunciation error of Vietnamese learners. According to an earlier research by the Auslralian Goverment publivation Asian Language Moles (1978; as cited in Pham, 2009), “Gnitial clusters do not cause many problems, but final clusters are found extremely hard for Vietnamese students”. Also in an article about common challenges faced by Vietnamese icarners, Deshayes (2005, p.6) firmly stated that “English consonant clusters give Vietnamese leamers problems not only because they do not have these consonant combinations in their own language, but also because they produce a variety of syllable lypes”, 4.
Findings fiom observation and discussions 31 4.3, Comparison of the two findings 33 4A, Strategies to correct final clusters errors 33 PART CONCLUSION 38 1. Summary of major findings. Limitations and suggestions for further study REFERENCES. APPENDIX 1: Checklist for recording.
APPENDIX 2: Findings from recardings. APPENDIX 3: Checklist for observation. APPENDIX 4: Findings from observation. Rationale of the study English has become an important demand for schooling and job opportunities in the past few years; however, many Vietnamese speakers do not have intelligible English pronunciation so as to bz casily understood in ditccl cormmunivation with forcigners, Leamers with serious pronunciation errors will certainly fail in communication, Therefore, it is very essential to research learners’ pronunciation errors, and then to seek out suitable strategies to solve the problems.
Among many pronunciation errors thal learners af Pinglish as a second fanguage are likely to make (ie. intonation, stress, ending sounds, etc.), exrors with final consonant clusters can be considered serious because “learners” inability to produce final consonant clusters can lead to incomprehensibility” (Avery & Erhlich, 1992, p53). In the same Ting, Cclec- Murcia, Brinton & Goodwin (1996) supported that inaccurate pronunciation of consonant clusters can make English language leamers’ speech difficult for native speakers to understand, particularly in cases where the lamers usc epenthesis to break up clusters or omit a consonant in a cluster (as cited n Arnold, 2009). Serious as it might be, problems with final clusters can be considered as one typical pronunciation error of Vietnamese learners.
According to an earlier research by the Auslralian Goverment publivation Asian Language Moles (1978; as cited in Pham, 2009), “Gnitial clusters do not cause many problems, but final clusters are found extremely hard for Vietnamese students”. Also in an article about common challenges faced by Vietnamese icarners, Deshayes (2005, p.6) firmly stated that “English consonant clusters give Vietnamese leamers problems not only because they do not have these consonant combinations in their own language, but also because they produce a variety of syllable lypes”, PART 1: INTRODUCTION 1. Rationale of the study English has become an important demand for schooling and job opportunities in the past few years; however, many Vietnamese speakers do not have intelligible English pronunciation so as to bz casily understood in ditccl cormmunivation with forcigners, Leamers with serious pronunciation errors will certainly fail in communication, Therefore, it is very essential to research learners’ pronunciation errors, and then to seek out suitable strategies to solve the problems. Among many pronunciation errors thal learners af Pinglish as a second fanguage are likely to make (ie.
intonation, stress, ending sounds, etc.), exrors with final consonant clusters can be considered serious because “learners” inability to produce final consonant clusters can lead to incomprehensibility” (Avery & Erhlich, 1992, p53). In the same Ting, Cclec- Murcia, Brinton & Goodwin (1996) supported that inaccurate pronunciation of consonant clusters can make English language leamers’ speech difficult for native speakers to understand, particularly in cases where the lamers usc epenthesis to break up clusters or omit a consonant in a cluster (as cited n Arnold, 2009). Serious as it might be, problems with final clusters can be considered as one typical pronunciation error of Vietnamese learners. According to an earlier research by the Auslralian Goverment publivation Asian Language Moles (1978; as cited in Pham, 2009), “Gnitial clusters do not cause many problems, but final clusters are found extremely hard for Vietnamese students”.
Also in an article about common challenges faced by Vietnamese icarners, Deshayes (2005, p.6) firmly stated that “English consonant clusters give Vietnamese leamers problems not only because they do not have these consonant combinations in their own language, but also because they produce a variety of syllable lypes”, PART 1: INTRODUCTION 1.