VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOL UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST - GRADUATE STUDLES: AN TII NGÀ AN ANALYSIS ON WORD STRESS ERRORS COMMONLY MADE BY 12" GRADE STUDENTS IN LÊ QUÝ ĐÔN HIGH SCHOOL, HÃI PHÒNG AND SOME SOLUTIONS { Phân tích các lỗi thờng gặp về trong âm từ của học sinh lớp 12 trường THPT Lê Quý Đôn Hải Phòng và một số giải pháp ) ~M.A, MINOR 'THESIS- English teaching methodology 601410 Hanoi, 2010 VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOL UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST - GRADUATE STUDLES: AN TII NGÀ AN ANALYSIS ON WORD STRESS ERRORS COMMONLY MADE BY 12" GRADE STUDENTS IN LÊ QUÝ ĐÔN HIGH SCHOOL, HÃI PHÒNG AND SOME SOLUTIONS { Phân tích các lỗi thờng gặp về trong âm từ của học sinh lớp 12 trường THPT Lê Quý Đôn Hải Phòng và một số giải pháp ) ~M.A, MINOR 'THESIS- Field : English teaching methodology Cade : 601410 Supervisor: Tran Thị Thu Tiền Hanoi, 2010 TABLE OF CONTENTS PART A : INTRODUCTION 1, Rationale 2, Aims of the sludy & 3, Scope of the SEUÄY. A, Significance of the study kb 3. co eccsreiieerriee Ww 6, Organization of the study. in PARI B : DEVELOPMENT Chapter 1: Literature review 1, Role of errors in language learring.
2, Role of stress in language Ìeatring.1 Stress and learners’ intelligibility.2 Some †hcorctical backpround †o the coIIecpf SỈTc5s.1 Nature of syilable.2 Slructure of syllable 2. Characterisiics ofstressed and tsiTessed wordis.6 Marking of stress.7 Placement of word stress.8 Levels of stress.9 Weak forms of wards (Reducing function words) 2. Summary Chapter 2 : The study 1. Subjects oÊthe sbudy.2 Tests of Production.
Post-questionnaire interview 4 Data analysis and findings 4.1 Findings fiom the questlonnairs. vi LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS EA Emcor Analysis FL Foreign Language ‘This is the core part of the research, which describes the rescareh sclting, the subjects, the research mcthods as welt as data analysis and findings. Chapter 3- Possible solutions In the first parl, some possible solutions are given to help teachers and students in high schools overcome difficulties in teaching and leaming Engtish word stress as well as some recommendations far schoal’s facilitivs and course book designers. PART C- CONCLUSION In this part, summary and conchision of the thesis are cmphasived.
Further more, Fimilations of the study and some suggestions for farther study are provided.1 Stndenis affitude toward learning word sirsss 20 4.2 Students’ awareness of the difficulty in ward stress lessons 21 4.3 Degree of students’ certainty in marking sirzss paitcrns for a word. Frequeneyof students' arors in word stress.5 Students’ most common errors in.6 Students’ expeelation Lowards the Leaching of word stress.2 Findings fiom the tests wed 42.1 Students’ faihwre to distinguish primary stress and secondary stress 4. Stress on the wrong syllables of mmulti-syllabic words 4. Stress on the wrong syllable bi-syllabie words.4 Students Edhwe to produce weak forms of words and schwa sound 44.3 Causes of ths errors.1 Influcnec of mother tongue.
inequality between the course book and the cuiculum. Lack of teaching and learning facilities 4. Students’ different learning styles and phonetic ability.5 Students’ lack of motivation and concem. Chapter 3: Possible solutions 1 Totheteaehets.
con 2 Yo the students. othe school's managers To the course book designers. = PARI C: CONCLUSION 1 Summary of the stnđy. _Limifationof the study.
A Suggestions for farther study References. Appendix 1: Survey questionnaire for students Appendix 2: The spelling of the schwa in English Appendix 3: Weak forrns oŸ words. Appendix 4: Production test and stress pattern key VI Wih the @gerlenoe of more than ten years working asa teacher of English in Le Quy Don High School, the researcher realizes that whenever her students spoak Engtish or do tests ơn phonetios, they seem to contront with a lot of difiiculties in using English word stress, consequently, a lot of errors occur. There errors are also committed by many of 12th grade students who have learnt Bugtish in their high school fr 3 ysars and have had « chance to deal with English word stress in a few lessons.
Being aware of the problem and with the intention of helping students to overcome these difficulties and to perfect their knowledge of English word stress, the rescurcher decides lo choose the tille: An analysis on word stress crrors commonly inade by 12 grade students in Le Quy Don High school, Hal Phong and some solutions for her M. Tl is hoped that the sindy, 10 some extent, will contribulz lo improving the teaching and leaming of English word stress in Le Quy Don High School in particular and English study in general. Aims of the stady This study scts the following aims for investigation: = To identify the most common word stress exors made by 12 ” grade students in Le Quy Den High School both in tenns of thew perception and production «To figure out the causes of these errors «To suggest some solutions to English word stress teaching and learning. Scope of the study Strass is one important part of English pronunciation, which consists of sentence stress and word stress.
However, dug to bath limitad ime and oxperienec, this study only focuses on the errors in word stress derived fiom perception and production tests of the 12 grade students of Linglish in Le Quy Don Lligh School Any attempt to study English word stress errors on other aspeet is beyond the scope of tus thesis. Significance of the stady ‘The study aims at bringing about some benefits for teaching linglish word stress to high school students especially the students of Le Quy Don Tigh Schoot In tems of foreign language teaching and leaming, the study telis about the students’ attitude and method in learning English word stress, where they need help and what sort of help they nocd An oxplicil understanding why crrors arise can assist in adjusting teaching, techniques vi LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS EA Emcor Analysis FL Foreign Language ‘This is the core part of the research, which describes the rescareh sclting, the subjects, the research mcthods as welt as data analysis and findings. Chapter 3- Possible solutions In the first parl, some possible solutions are given to help teachers and students in high schools overcome difficulties in teaching and leaming Engtish word stress as well as some recommendations far schoal’s facilitivs and course book designers. PART C- CONCLUSION In this part, summary and conchision of the thesis are cmphasived.
Further more, Fimilations of the study and some suggestions for farther study are provided.1 Stndenis affitude toward learning word sirsss 20 4.2 Students’ awareness of the difficulty in ward stress lessons 21 4.3 Degree of students’ certainty in marking sirzss paitcrns for a word. Frequeneyof students' arors in word stress.5 Students’ most common errors in.6 Students’ expeelation Lowards the Leaching of word stress.2 Findings fiom the tests wed 42.1 Students’ faihwre to distinguish primary stress and secondary stress 4. Stress on the wrong syllables of mmulti-syllabic words 4. Stress on the wrong syllable bi-syllabie words.4 Students Edhwe to produce weak forms of words and schwa sound 44.3 Causes of ths errors.1 Influcnec of mother tongue.
inequality between the course book and the cuiculum. Lack of teaching and learning facilities 4. Students’ different learning styles and phonetic ability.5 Students’ lack of motivation and concem. Chapter 3: Possible solutions 1 Totheteaehets.
con 2 Yo the students. othe school's managers To the course book designers. = PARI C: CONCLUSION 1 Summary of the stnđy. _Limifationof the study.
A Suggestions for farther study References. Appendix 1: Survey questionnaire for students Appendix 2: The spelling of the schwa in English Appendix 3: Weak forrns oŸ words. Appendix 4: Production test and stress pattern key VI vi LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS EA Emcor Analysis FL Foreign Language vi LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS EA Emcor Analysis FL Foreign Language LIST OF FIGURES Pages Eigure 1: 8uudenls sItude towsrds learning word.siress 20 Figure 2: Students” awareness of the difficulty in word stress lessons 21 Higure 3 : Students’ degree of certainty when marking stress pattem for a word 2L Figure 4: The frequency of students’ axrors in word stress Iigure5: Students’ common errors in learning word stress Figure 6 : Students’ expectation towards the teaching of word stress Figure 7; Studenls ‘errors from the production Lest 24 ‘This is the core part of the research, which describes the rescareh sclting, the subjects, the research mcthods as welt as data analysis and findings. Chapter 3- Possible solutions In the first parl, some possible solutions are given to help teachers and students in high schools overcome difficulties in teaching and leaming Engtish word stress as well as some recommendations far schoal’s facilitivs and course book designers.
PART C- CONCLUSION In this part, summary and conchision of the thesis are cmphasived. Further more, Fimilations of the study and some suggestions for farther study are provided. Rationale There is no doubt that making c1rors is part of learning and couceting crrots is part of teaching, As a result, error correction is one of the ways that make the process of teaching and learning more effective. The tole of errors and error correction are considered 80 important in teaching and lcaming a forcign language that a method called Error Analysis has developed and used as one of the most useful methods in studies related to teaching methodology.
(1984: 1) regarded Error Analysis as “a chief means of both assessing the pupil's learning i general and of the degree of maich balween his learning and syllabus and the teacher’s teaching one.” He also added that “Thanks to Exor Analysis, teachers know what language items their learners have already acquired, what they might not Inve been presented to, and what they have been langhl but havz not grasped accurately, which are considered as errors or mistakes” Error Analysis seems to have received a great deal of attention ftom many linguists. The importance of errors in theory and practice of teaching and learning languages can be seen in the works by researchers such as Cordar §. However, the errors analyzed in those studies come ftom their learners aud imay be the characteristics of those learners ralher tham Vielrartese siuđenis" In Vietnam, there is a mumber of studies on exrors such as the one conducted by Pham Dang Binh (2003), which focused on the most common errors made by Vietnamese adult learners and some others by M.A candidates focusing on students’ cornmem errors dr grammar (Trinh Phan Thi Phong Lan-2005) and stadents’ errors on stress at sentence level (Luu Thi Kim Nhung- 2003), etc, Untortunately, little concem is paid to errors on word stress. It is undeniable that stress plays a very important role in Ioaming a forcign language and its pronunciation, It helps improve the learners’ speaking as well as listening skill.
A learner with correct rhytimn, intonation and sts willy makes himself understood with vase. Despite the importance of stress, especially word stress in English prommeiation, Vietnamese students can nol acqure it adsqualely. In fact, high school students commonty Grit Lo nse them earrectly Besides, for immediate purposes, remedial lessons or exercises can be designed to help eliminate errors In terms of material designing, the stady may assist designers in understanding the nature of errors occurring to high school students, which is usefal fir them in sequencing and arranging larget language items in lext books in such a way (hal helps prevent error occurrence as mich as possible, 5. Research questions Toachicve the aims insulioncd above, the following research questions arc addressed: © Whal are the most corumon word slress crrors made by 12" grade students in Le Quy Don High School? © Whal are the causes of these errors? © Whal should be done to reduce the students” errors? 6& Organization of the stuily The study is organized into 3.
parts, which are presented as follows PART A- INTRODUCTION Includes the rationale and the aim of the study.