VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI INSTITUTE OF VIETNAMESE STUDIES AND DEVELOPMENT SCIENCES -------------------------------------------------- DO THI THUY IMAGES OF WOMEN IN VIETNAMESE TRADITIONAL FOLK POETRY MASTER’S THESIS Major: Vietnamese studies Hanoi - 2015 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI INSTITUTE OF VIETNAMESE STUDIES AND DEVELOPMENT SCIENCES ----------------------------------------------- DO THI THUY IMAGES OF WOMEN IN VIETNAMESE TRADITIONAL FOLK POETRY Master’s thesis of Vietnamese studies Code: 60 22 0113 Supervisor: Assoc. Nguyen Thi Viet Thanh Hanoi - 2015 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com COMMITMENT This work is the result of my authentic synthesis and research. The data and results presented in the thesis are honest under the direct supervision of Assoc. Nguyen Thi Viet Thanh.
The research results addressed in the thesis have not been published in other works. All references have been clearly cited. Hanoi, January 14, 2015 The author Do Thi Thuy LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS After a time doing the research, I have completed the dissertation of “Images of women in Vietnamese traditional folk poetry”. First, I would like to give my sincere thanks to Institute of Vietnamese studies and development sciences, especially the management committee and the staff of the Institute who have supported me to complete the M.
course of Vietnamese studies. I also sincerely thank Vietnam National University, Hanoi facilitating me in finishing my thesis. I also give my sincere thanks to Assoc. Nguyen Thi Viet Thanh, who has dedicated to help me finish my graduate thesis, I also would like to thank my family and friends who have encouraged me so much so far.
Despite my best attempts and efforts, there are many the inevitable limitations and shortcomings. I look forward to receiving comments from the readers and professors for a better dissertation. Sincerely, The author Do Thi Thuy LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION. Research problems and tasks.The objectives of the thesis, and research areas.
The objectives of the thesis. Contributions of the thesis. 155 Chapter 1: THE IMAGE OF VIETNAMESE WOMEN IN THE CONTEXT OF TRADITIONAL SOCIETY. Vietnamese traditional society.
Natural, productive and economic situations. Social and political situations. Fundamental ideologies and religions. The structure of the Vietnamese traditional families.
Cultural attitudes toward the women in Vietnamese traditional society. The strict concept of Vietnamese women in traditional society under the influence of Confucianism. The concept of promoting the women in traditional society. 35 1 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com Chapter 2: TYPICAL FEATURES OF THE WOMEN IN VIETNAMESE TRADITIONAL FOLK POETRY.
Physical and personality characteristics of Vietnamese women. The images of Vietnamese women in traditional families. In the spousal relationship. In the relationship of the daughter and her mother – in – law.
In the relationship of parents and their children. In the matter of love and mariage. The images of Vietnamese women in traditional social relationships. The overview of traditional social relationships.
In relationships of the people in the same community, teachers and students, friends and neighbors to each other. In the relationship with upper classes. 888 Chapter 3: THE REACTIONS OF VIETNAMESE TRADITIONAL WOMEN TOWARD THE UNJUST BEHAVIORS IN FAMILIES AND SOCIETY.Error! Bookmark not defined. The reactions of Vietnamese traditional women toward the unjust behaviors within family scope.
In the spousal relationship. In the relationship of the daughter and her mother – in – law. In the relationship of parents and their children. In the matter of love and marriage.
98 2 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail. The reactions of Vietnamese traditional women toward the unjust behaviors in social relationships. In the relationship of the king as well as feudal lords and ordinary people. In the relationships of landlords and peasants .114 3 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com LIST OF ACRONYMS Assoc.
PhD: Associate Professor, Doctor of Philosophy P. : Master of Art 4 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail. Personal motivation There have been many studies of Vietnamese women in general and Vietnamese women in traditional societies in particular approached from different angles and research methods. Based on such studies, the portrait of Vietnamese woman with the beauty of ordinary life appears as “laboriousness, considerateness, sacrifice for her husband and her children” but when the country was at risk, they became the embodiment of beauty of “heroism, indomitableness, kindness, resourcefulness”.
Also through such studies that we see Vietnamese women in traditional societies, not only playing a large role in family life as well as in social development but also recognized properly, there were many women who suffered misery, injustice throughout life under the repressive prejudices of feudal society. Sympathy for the status of women in ancient society is tremendous momentum that we wish to clarify the image of women in traditional societies. In addition, the old woman herself, she was the embodiment of the traditional cultural values of the nation. Although modern society has developed very fast, the cultural values of our ancestors should still be kept and promoted.
Exploring images of women in traditional society is contributing to promote traditional cultural values in general and dignity of women in particular, which promotes the good Vietnamese women’s values in today society. Folk literature is a part of folklore treasure from which the picture of traditional societies is extremely vividly reproducted under workers' perspective. In the literary treasures of Vietnamese folk, folk is a kind of the richest and most diverse genre in number and content expression. We can say that folk poems have a very strong appealling to the people of Vietnam, because they are very close to their thought and soul, with words of daily 5 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com voices of workers.
Therefore, one of the key features of a traditional folk song is richly expressed thoughts of human emotions in general, including in particular women. The image of traditional women is expressed not only through the songs about them specifically the ones which are composed by the people to portray the image of the woman but also through narrative songs, the reader can feel all the thoughts, feelings, attitudes, their perceptions of their own identity. The folk poems having content of the image of women in traditional societies, has been the interest of many researchers who has had many valuable posts. However, the researchers only focused on reflecting each aspect, individual elements of the image of women.
In addition, most of the studies were taken as research objects of folksongs with monophyletic research methods of literature, but not focusing on getting the woman is the object of study. With this starting point, we hope that this research will help to clarify the image of Vietnamese traditional women with resource-based survey was carried out as a wealth of traditional folk poems of the Vietnam. Also follow all policies and guidelines of the Party and State, Vietnam is in the process of building an advanced culture imbued with national identity. Along with the momentum of integration and quintessence of world culture, its needs to look back, to preserve the cultural traditions of the peoples is extremely important.
Therefore, the study of the image of Vietnamese women through traditional folk poems by portraying more clearly the cultural values of traditional practices to serve the country's development is a critical job. 6 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail. Research problems and tasks 2. Research problems The research done for contributing to learn the position, role, emotions of Vietnam women in society was reflected in the ancient folk poems.
Accordingly, the image of the traditional Vietnamese woman will be approaches from two angles: the perspective of objective and subjective perspective. Angle objective is to learn traditional Vietnamese woman through the assessment of the objective nature of the women folk. Subjective perspective is the understanding of traditional Vietnamese women through their attitude before the social behavior, which includes conduct the injustices they suffered, the perception of themselves of Vietnamese women in traditional social context. Research tasks To achieve the purpose of the study mentioned above, we set out specific research tasks as followed: - We have identified the social context of traditional Vietnam to draw social life factors that affect directly or indirectly the lives of contemporary women.
- Learn the characteristic manifestations of women in traditional societies characterized by the appearance, personality, as well as the expression through family relationships and society. - Learn how the behavior of women in traditional societies through which they are incurred regardless of family life and society. Literature review Folk is a genre of traditional folklore, the subject of many research works have scientific value in terms of both practical and theoretical. Researchers of literature in general and folklore in particular have defined 7 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com folk by different concepts.
We would go through some basic concepts as follows: In the book “Major literary history of Vietnam”, Duong Quang Ham explained the concept of folk poems: “folk is short songs; the songs are not divided into chapters, etc.20] It is also about the concept of folk poems , in “The Literary History of Vietnam”, Volume 2 of the authors, Bui Van Nguyen (chief editor) stated: “Folk is the songs with or without the chapters created with the nation's prose (usually in traditional way of 6/8 words per sentence one after another) to describe, narrative, implied and express feelings.38] The author of the book “The collective folklore of Vietnamese people” by Nguyen Xuan Kinh (the chief editor) has clearly defined folk poems in relation to folk poems : “Folk poems include the words (sentences or articles), melody (voice or intonation), and methods of environmental oratorio, singing scene. Folk poemss were formed on folk poems.20] After the revolution in August 1945, researchers have used water collected from “modern folk” (or new folk) to distinguish them from “traditional folk” (also known as the ancient folk). Researchers generally consistently considered traditional folk (or ancient folk) is the only component conceptual language arts (poetry section) of folk (not including accompaniment, redu-language, and voiced sounds) and composed mainly collected from the previous August Revolution. In terms of content reflecting the folk poems, folk poems is the subject of many research literatures as well as the culture.
There were so many great works, have been published values, represented by the following works: Folk poems reflect the lyrical content: Ma Giang Lan in research proverb - Vietnam folk commented: “Folk is a lyrical genre of folklore. These 8 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com works speak of human relationships at work, in family life or social life experiences speak and act, etc. They always express subjective attitudes of human beings with the objective phenomenon, rather than objectively describe the phenomenon of problems. So in folk poems, the lyrical ego is in clear salience.19] Dinh Gia Khanh (1973) has presented the current content in traditional folk poems in detail in curriculum “Vietnamese Folk Literature” in Part II: History and society, country and people in Vietnamese folk, etc.
In addition, this content is also mentioned in several other books as presents traditional folk poems. According to Chu Xuan Dien, so the main content which is often referred to as folk history: “Historical folk are all short sentences and themed on events in history. These historical events are recorded in folk history is more or less the events that affect people's lives contemporaries”.358] However, when referring to a specific historical phenomenon, folk history not working as described, detailed narrative, that is not reflected in historical phenomenon during its evolution. In folk history, the people just mentioned historical facts to speak up and express the attitude of his views.