LỜI MỞ ĐẦU Bạn đọc thân mến, Tập sách nhỏ này có thể được dùng để trau dồi cách phát âm tiếng Anh của bạn bởi lẽ các bạn có thể tìm thấy trong đó: - Những bài học về phát âm thích hợp với các học viên trình độ tiền trung cấp và trung cấp. - Những giải thích ngắn gọn và rõ ràng về cách định hình lưỡi để phát những âm nào đó cho đúng. ~ Những tóm tắt về sự liên hệ giữa chữ uiết uà âm đọc. — Những ¿ừ uờ câu để luyện tập uà phiên âm.
- Những bài học đặc biệt về cựn phụ âm, những từ thường phát âm sai, mẫu tự câm và từ đông âm dị nghĩa. - Các phan dé cap đến rọng âm của từ, cụm uù câu, dạng mạnh yếu, nhịp điệu uà ngữ điệu. — Nhiều bài tập áp dụng những điều vừa được đề cập đến. Khi kết thúc giáo trình này, bạn sẽ có được nền tảng cho việc phát âm tiếng Anh khả quan hơn nhờ được cọ xát với hầu như tất cả các khía cạnh quan trọng của việc luyện âm.
Những khía cạnh này mang tính thực hành, chứ không học thuật. Chúng dễ hiểu và dễ thực hành. Vì vậy, tất cả các loại học viên đều có thể tiếp cận chúng. Chúng tôi hi vọng rằng tài liệu này sẽ mang lại lợi ích cho những ai mong muốn có được giọng chuẩn tiếng Anh tốt.
LÊ VĂN SỰ ` Phó Giám Đốc Trung Tâm Tin Học - Ngoại Ngữ Đồng Nai CONTENTS FOREWORD Part One 44 PRONUNCIATION LESSONS FOR LEARNERS OF PRE-INTERMEDIATE LEVEL Lesson 1 ENGLISH SOUNDS AND PHONETIC SYMBOLS Lesson 2 THE ENGLISH VOWELS /i:/ and /1/ Lesson 3 THE ENGLISH VOWEL /e/. Lesson 4 THE ENGLISH VOWEL /a/ Lesson 5 THE ENGLISH VOWEL /8:/.-sscsssssssesssccsssesesunaseeenteesseecsseseaneeseene 19 Lesson 6 THE ENGLISH VOWEL /O/.0::-csscsseessssescoseesssseesenieecanenensnecsnneesnes 20 Lesson 7 THE ENGLISH VOWEL /2:/.-c:cnsenheniehirree 21 Lesson 8 THE ENGLISH VOWEL /0/.scscsssssssessseesessseeeseeeneeenecennessnesaneeseess 22 Lesson 9 THE ENGLISH VOWEL //. Lesson 10 THE ENGLISH VOWEL /a/. Lesson 11 THE ENGLISH VOWEL /2/.
Lesson 12 THE ENGLISH VOWEL /32/.-sss0c-ssscsccscsereeesstestteeeeeseersnneesasetenney 27 Lesson 13 THE ENGLISH DIPHTHONG /e1/.0cscsccccssseeseeesntesseeeneessesseneniess 28 Lesson 14 THE ENGLISH DIPHTHING /au/.----cnehhtn 29 Lesson 15 THE ENGLISH DIPHTHONG /a1/.---------------:--snenhhn 30 Lesson 16 THE ENGLISH DIPHTHONG /a0/.--------------------+rtnthtnh 31 Lesson 17 THE ENGLISH DIPHTHONG /51/ Lesson 18 THE ENGLISH DIPHTHONG /1a/.----:------:-----:---:ntcnnhttnh Lesson 19 THE ENGLISH DIPHTHONG /ea/ Lesson 20 THE ENGLISH DIPHTHONG /oa/ Lesson 21 THE ENGLISH CONSONANTS /p/ + /D/.-sscces:ssessssesenseeeeeeeeeeen 36 Lesson 22 THE ENGLISH CONSONANTS /t/ + /d/.ccccccsssssecsessssssssietssesseeseeeeeeeee 37 Lesson 23 THE ENGLISH CONSONANTS /k/ + /g/.--22 2222222222 „39 Lesson 24 THE ENGLISH CONSONANTS /f/ & /v/.---©222c--z2222zcsrrsee At Lesson 25 THE ENGLISH CONSONANTS /0/ + /O/.cccccccccsssssssseessesssseecesssseeseeee 43 Lesson 26 THE ENGLISH CONSONANTS /s/ and /2/.cs:sssesessssesssseeeeseeeeee 45 Lesson 27 THE ENGLISH CONSONANTS /f/ 8 /3/ .cccccscccssssssssssseessessseveeseseeeeee 47 Lesson 28 THE ENGLISH CONSONANTS /t[/ and /d3/.ccceccsscssssseesesseeessseeee 49 Lesson 29 THE ENGLISH CONSONANT /b/.csccscssscssssseesesssssesstestesssseesseeeeeee 52 Lesson 30 THE ENGLISH CONSONANT /I/.ccccssssscosesessscsessesessesssssseveeseeevees 53 Lesson 31 THE ENGLISH CONSONANT /t/.ccccccsscccssssessecssssessseessesssseesessevece 55 Lesson 32 THE ENGLISH CONSONANTS /n/ & /1/ .cccccscccssssssssssssesseesseseesesseeee 57 Lesson 33 THE ENGLISH CONSONANT /P/.cccccccsssscccsssssssesssessessssseseeeesseeeseoen 59 Lesson 34 THE ENGLISH CONSONANT /j/.ccccccccesscsccsssesesessssvsesseseseessveesesseeee 61 Lesson 35 THE ENGLISH CONSONANT /W/.ccccccscsccsssssessssssseseeesssveseessseceeeeee 62 Lesson 36 PRONUNCIATION OF THE ENDINGS -S & ED. 63 Lesson 37 RULES OF PRONUNCIATION — SYLLABIC CONSONANTS - CONSONANT CLUSTERS .ccccccsecsessssssssecsssssssvesessnsesevsessessvecessevese 65 Lesson 38 TWO-CONSONANT CLUSTERS AT THE END 0F W0RDS. 67 Lesson 39 THREE- or F0UR—CONSONANT CLUSTERS AT THE END 0F WORDS. 2222 222225222182251511 22c 68 Lesson 40 FREQUENTLY MISPRONOUNCED W0RDS.
222 SỬ2 2555 ceg 70 Lesson 41 FREQUENTLY MISPRONOUNCED W0RDS. 22223222225 55g 71 Lesson 42 SILENT LETTERS. c 72 Lesson 43 SILENT LETTERS. 2222151222 enree 74 Part Two 40 PRONUNCIATION LESSONS FOR LEARNERS OF INTERMEDIATE LEVEL Lesson † APPROACH TÔ THE 00URSE.
1-2020luse 77 Lesson 2 PHONETIC SYMBOLS — ARTICULATION — SPEECH ORGANS 3 Lesson 3 ENGLISH SOUNDSEVLA. c2 cioouoio nnn 82 Lesson 4 PHONEMIC TRANSGRIPTION - WORD STRESS. 85 Lesson 5 THE ENGLISH VOWEL /i:/.cccccieiieire 86 Lesson 6 THE ENGLISH VOWEL Hs: ecnbiocionibnugittttiggggatgaagsa 87 Lesson 7 THE ENGLISH VOWEL /e/ Lesson 8 THE ENGLISH VOWEL /e/ Lesson 9 THE ENGLISH VOWEL /a:/. Lesson 10 THE ENGLISH VOWEL /o/ Lesson 11 THE ENGLISH VOWEL /9:/.
Lesson 12 THE ENGLISH VOWEL /0/. 2522222221221 97 Lesson 13 THE ENGLISH VOWEL /uz/. 2222522522211 tre 98 Lesson 14 THE ENGLISH VOWEL /A/. 5255212222212 100 Lesson 15 THE ENGLISH VOWEL /z/.-55--525552-53 102 Lesson 16 THE ENGLISH VOWEL /3z/.2-2252522-22222222ecee 108 Lesson 17 THE ENGLISH DIPHTHONG /eư/.-2-5552-52 104 Lesson 18 THE ENGLISH DIPHTHONG /au/.-52-52s2-5225% 107 Lesson 19 THE ENGLISH DIPHTHONG /2U/.--555522252 108 Lesson 20 THE ENGLISH DIPHTHONG /1a/.
cose 109 Lesson 21 THE ENGLISH DIPHTHONG /es.1525225222222 110 Lesson 22 THE ENGLISH DIPHTH0NG /oø/.2-555255-5 112 Lesson 23 THE ENGLISH DIPHTHONG /au.--5-5222252-56 113 Lesson 24 THE ENGLISH DIPHTHONG /ao/.----- co: 115 Lesson 25 THE ENGLISH CONSONANTS /p/ AND /b/ Lesson 26 THE ENGLISH CONSONANTS /t/ AND /d/.--- Lesson 27 THE ENGLISH CONSONANTS /k/ AND /g/ Lesson 28 THE ENGLISH CONSONANTS /f/ AND /w/. Lesson 29 THE ENGLISH CONTRAST /8/ AND /ði.---7-2-- 127 Lesson 30 THE ENGLISH CONTRAST /s/ AND /2/.ò- 252cc se 130 Lesson 31 THE ENGLISH CONSONANTS /ƒ/ AND /. 133 Lesson 32 THE ENGLISH CONSONANTS /tƒ/ AND /dz. 135 Lesson 33 THE ENGLISH CONSONANT /ñ/.-- 2-5: ccccccccSe- 138 Lesson 34 THE ENGLISH CONSONANT /J/.--------5-5-cccccc>, Lesson 35 THE ENGLISH CONSONANT /m/.
Lesson 36 THE ENGLISH CONSONANT /n/ Lesson 37 THE ENGLISH CONSONANT /n/ Lesson 38 THE ENGLISH CONSONANT /t/.ccsscsceseesseesseseeeeteeseseseeeeessees 146 Lesson 39 THE ENGLISH GONSONANT /j/.---222- 55c tre, 147 Lesson 40 THE ENGLISH GONSONANT /w/.-¿¿-- 2c 148 Part Three ENGLISH ACCENTUATION, RHYTHM AND INTONATION (21 LESSONS) Lesson 1 WORD STRESS wo. ccccscssesesscseeecsscacsssscsvaceessnsasseacanevenevsrees 151 Lesson 2 PHRASE AND SENTENCE STRESS MAJOR PRIMARY STRESS — COMPOUND NOUNS. 0Q Q0 2222121121215 sec 157 Lesson 3_ PHRASE AND SENTENSE STRESS MINOR TERTIARY STRESS. 159 Lesson 4 PHRASE AND SENTENCE STRESS MINOR WEAK STRESS 10 Lesson 5 PHRASE AND SENTENCE STRESS MAJOR SECONDARY STRESS - NOUN MODIFIERS.
5255521551115 nen Hee 163 Lesson 6 PHRASE AND SENTENCE STRESS MAJOR SECONDARY STRESS — NOUN MODIFIERS (cont'd) .ccccccccsecsssessscssseecssecsssecereessseessreserere 165 Lesson 7 PHRASE and SENTENCE STRESS MAJOR SECONDARY STRESS = VERBS once CNN GS cc cccccscsccsceccstesoocssccesccsssionsossssvocsesee 167 Lesson 8 PHRASE and SENTENCE STRESS MAJOR SECONDARY STRESS — NOUNS .ccccccccccoscccccccsececcecsseccesecsesstssessecsestessesevesesseseveeevessesseenee 170 Lesson 9 PHRASE and SENTENCE STRESS MAJOR SECONDARY STRESS 3 API VERBS n. 171 Lesson 10 PHRASE and SENTENCE STRESS MAJOR SECONDARY STRESS - NEGATIVES. Hs se Limos Mood. 173 Lesson 11 PHRASE and SENTENCE STRESS MAJOR SECONDARY STRESS — OTHER WORDS ooo ce.ccccccccccccesecccsecsesesesesecessseesessesssesvestvaveseesveseeseee 174 Lesson 12 PHRASE and SENTENCE STRESS MINOR TERTIARY STRESS ~ TWO WORD VERBS .ccccccccccsecosecsccsccsesesesesssessessesseseesecsseseeesen 176 Lesson 13 STRONG and WEAK FORMS.cccccccccccscssccsecsecesessesseesseeresseeseeseeee: 178 Lesson 14 ENGLISH RHYTHM.ccccccccccccececcsccoccesesecccesessecsveseeseceresvesesneseesven 184 Lesson 15 RISING — FALLING INTONATION .-ccccccccccccccseccoseoseestsecesesteeseeeeee 188 Lesson 16 RISING INTONATION .cccccccccccccceccccsescoceesecsesseestestesscseeeeeseeareereeneee 192 Lesson 17 COMBINATION OF RISING-FALLING INTONATION and RISING ONE 195 Lesson 18 SUSTAINED INTONATION.ccccccccccccccscsscescesecssesseessessestessseeeseeeeesves 198 Lesson 19 GRAPHIC !INTONATION (Ngữ Điệu Qua Biểu Đồ).----- 200 Lesson 20 APPENDIX 1: STRESS 0F OMP0UND WORDS.
5-5 208 Lesson 21 APPENDIX 2: STRESS OF WORD PAIRS OF 2 SYLLABLEG. 210 11 PART ONE 44 PRONUNCIATION LESSONS FOR LEARNERS OF PRE-INTERMEDIATE LEVEL Lesson 1 English sounds are describled in the form of phonetic symbols: l. fel cat /kKav/ 10. /ea/ chair /t[ca/ 2.
/ai/ my /mat/ 6. /ia/ here /hia/ 8. /av/ now /nav/ Ill. /t{/ church /tfa:tf/ 4.
/j/ yet /jet/ SUMMARY VOISELESS |p t 6 k f s f of VOICED b d 0 2g Vv Zz 3 d3 Ì mn nh w er J 1 I e e a A 2 3: 2 D U: Ö el 21L Ai 20 a 12 ea 02 14 Lesson 2 THE ENGLISH VOWELS I. DESCRIPTION hil The front of the tongue is raised. er The mouth is nearly closed. The lips are spread.
There is little space between the jaws. The front of the tongue is raised. The mouth is half close. The lips are spread.
The jaws are a little more apart for /1/. Letter A in the final ate, age. Ex: intimate, delicate, village, cottage 2. Letter E in the prefixes be, de, re.
Ex: begin, become, decide, return 3. EY: money, storey. But key /ki:/ 15 Letter I in words of monosyllable ending with i + consonant. Ex: bit, sit, dim, him, twin.
UI: build, guilt, guitar, equivalent, colloquial But mosquito (moskwi:’ tau) Y in an unstressed syllable of a word. Ex: copy, candy, quality, gravity, slowly. But qualify, modify. Al Letter E before the final form: consonant + e.
Ex: be, he, she, me scene, complete, Vietnamese EA: easy, east, dean, heat, neat, dream, beam, breathe, creature. EE: see, free, agree, heel, screen, cheese, guarantee. Letter I in some words from the French origin. Ex: machine, regime, mandoline, sardine, routine, magazine, chemise (fa mi:z) IE: when it is inside vowels of a word.
Ex: grief, chief, believe, belief Il. PRACTICE fiy tụ Sentences: seen sin 1. I see the green sea. We crossed the sea in three weeks.
This is a big city. sheep ship 16 reach rịch 4. It is half past six. feel fill Lesson 3 eee THE ENGLISH VOWEL /e/ — = I.
The front of the tongue is raised. The mouth is between half—close and half—open. The opening between the jaws is medium. Letter E in words of monosyllable ending with one or more consonants (except R), or in a stressed syllable of a word.
eléven BUT: her, term, interpret (int3:priv. EA: head, bread, breath, breakfast, steady, jealous (d33élas), meadow, measure, leather, pleasure. EI: leisure, heifer (héfa): bd nai to. Special case: Pallmall (péelmeél), Thames (temz).
lil PRACTICE lel /i/ Sentences: head hid 1. The lesson ends at ten after seven. He read about the ten men. When did you get your new dress? left lift 17 fell fill 4.
He sent a letter to his friend. belt built Lesson 4 I. The front of the tongue is raised. The mouth is between half—open and open.
The jaw opening is medium to wide. Letter A in words of monosyllable ending with one or more consonants. Ex: lad, dam, fan, map, rank, thanks, catch, thatch. Letter A when it is in a stressed syllable of a word having more than one syllable and stands before 2 consonants.
Ex: candle, captain, baptize, latter (l@to), narrow, manner, calculate. ill, PRACTICE lel lel Sentences: bad bed 1. The man has an apple. The black cat sat by the sad man.
land lend k om 3. Ask the man with the tan hat in his man men hand. You can have another lamb. marry merry 18 Lesson 5 THE ENGLISH VOWEL /a:/ fail I.
The back of the tongue is raised. The mouth is fully open. The jaws are fairly wide apart. Letter A in words of monosyllable ending with R or R + consonant, or in a syllable of a word when A stands before R + consonant.
Ex: bar, far, star, barn, cart, harm, sharp, charm, departure. BUT scarce /skeas/, quart /kwo:t/, sparrow /spe@rau/ 2. AU: aunt, laugh, draught 3. Special case: clerk /kla:k/, Derby /da:b1/.
PRACTICE /a:/ /el Sentences: harm ham 1. Father never parks the car well. John started to argue with the guard. He isn’t a famous architect.
Tom is very fond of modern art. march match 19 Lesson ó THE ENGLISH VOWEL /o/ I. DESCRIPTION lol The back of the tongue is raised. we The mouth is half—open.
The lips are slightly rounded but not pushed forward. © The jaws are fairly wide apart. Letter A in the stressed syllable of words of monosyllable beginning with W. Ex: was /woz/, want, wash, watch.
BUT: way, waste, wax /weks/ (sap ong) Letter O in words of monosyiiable ending with one consonant and in the stressed syllable of words having more than one syllable. Ex: cod, lot, snob, logic, coffee, doctor, modern, solitary, opposite ti. PRACTICE John is strong but olive /oliv/ is not.