VIBTINAM NATIONAL UNIVLRSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST GRADUATE STUDIES, ——* E #——-- HÀ VĂN MINH THE INTERFERENCE OF THE MOTHER TONGUE IN THE WRITING SKILLS OF THE GRADE 10 STUDENTS AT TINH GIA 2 UPPER SECONDARY SCITOOL (ANH HUONG CUA TLENG ME DO! VOI KY NANG VIET CUA HOC SINH. LỚP 10 TẠI TRƯỜNG TIIPT TĨNH GIA 2) M. Minor Propramme Thesis Field: English Teaching Methodology Code: 60.10 Hanoi, 2011 VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UMIVIRSITY OF LANGUAGLS AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST GRADUATE STUDIES. ——* E w——-- HÀ VĂN MINH THE INTERFERENCE OF THE MOTHER TONGUE IN HE WRITING SKILLS OF THE GRADE 10 STUDENTS AT TINH GIA 2 UPPER SECONDARY SCHOOL (ẢNH HƯỞNG CỦA TIỀNG ME ĐÔI VỚI KỸ NĂNG VIẾT CUA HỌC SINH LỚP 10 TẠI TRƯỜNG THPT TĨNH GIA 2) M.
Minor Programme Thesis Field: English ‘Teaching, Methodology Code: 60.10 Supervisor: NGUYEN BANG, MA Tlanoi, 2011 iv TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION. ccc cece ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. TABLE OF CONTENTS. w LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS vi LIST OF TABLES.
vii PART A: INTRODUCTION. Rationale for tho sindy. Ains of the study. ws Research questions of the study Aun w Scape of the study Aw ow Significance of the study Onganization of the study PART B: DEVELOPMENT os CHAPTER 1: LITERATURE REVIEW.
Written language vs spoken language Ahk 1. The interference of L1 in L2. Lzrors in foreign language learning process 1. Definition of crrars 1.
Enors and mistakes. Classification of errors 1.1, Concepts of error analysis 14 1. Proceduresin analyzing errors 15 CHAPTER 2: METHODOLOGY 2.1, Research questions of the study 20 2. Participants of the study.
20 2, Aims of the study ‘this study is primarily targeted at helping to improve the grade 10 students’ writing skills by reducing the negative interference of the 1.1 (Vietnamese) on their writing. To achieve this aim, the researcher attempts: + To find out the most frequent 1.1 interference errors sludents committed when doing paragraph writing, - To identify causes of the students” writing errors — the interference of the L1 - To give practical recommendations. Research questions of the study The sludy just focuses on wriling errors caused by MT interference, the following rescarch questions are proposed: 1. How nawh does L! interfere with the students" writing? 2.
What are the most common L1- related grammatical errars conmnitted by the students in their writing? 4. Scope of the study The study was cartiod oul with four clas {T0C1, 10G6, 1007 snđ 1011) consisting of 182 students of TG2US$S in their second term, the academic year 2010-2011. Duc to the fixed cuniculum and limited time, the study only centred on the L1- related grammatical errors committed by students in their final writing test papers and based on the analysis of their writing papers, some suggested solutions wore provided Significance pf the study ‘The study atternpis to bring aboul some benefits thcoretically and practically to the rea and researchers, especially to the secondary school teachers of English. In terms of theoretical benefits, the study could provide the infoumation on the studants’ errors in paragraph writing in teaching and leaming process.
In terms of practical benetits, the researcher hopes that the study could be the references for teachers of English and the readers as well 2, Aims of the study ‘this study is primarily targeted at helping to improve the grade 10 students’ writing skills by reducing the negative interference of the 1.1 (Vietnamese) on their writing. To achieve this aim, the researcher attempts: + To find out the most frequent 1.1 interference errors sludents committed when doing paragraph writing, - To identify causes of the students” writing errors — the interference of the L1 - To give practical recommendations. Research questions of the study The sludy just focuses on wriling errors caused by MT interference, the following rescarch questions are proposed: 1. How nawh does L! interfere with the students" writing? 2.
What are the most common L1- related grammatical errars conmnitted by the students in their writing? 4. Scope of the study The study was cartiod oul with four clas {T0C1, 10G6, 1007 snđ 1011) consisting of 182 students of TG2US$S in their second term, the academic year 2010-2011. Duc to the fixed cuniculum and limited time, the study only centred on the L1- related grammatical errors committed by students in their final writing test papers and based on the analysis of their writing papers, some suggested solutions wore provided Significance pf the study ‘The study atternpis to bring aboul some benefits thcoretically and practically to the rea and researchers, especially to the secondary school teachers of English. In terms of theoretical benefits, the study could provide the infoumation on the studants’ errors in paragraph writing in teaching and leaming process.
In terms of practical benetits, the researcher hopes that the study could be the references for teachers of English and the readers as well vii LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Comparing spoken language and written language. Table 2: Total number or errors from the test papers. Table 3: Parts of speech in Vietnamese. Table 2: Number or grammatical errors from the test papers.
PART B: DEVELOPMENT CHAPTER 1: LITERATURE REVIEW ‘This parl, lileralure review, presenls a teview of related Hieraturg thal provides the theoretical background of the sludy. Tl inchides ths nain sections: soclion | đicu the written English vs spoken English, section2 addresses the L1 interference on L2, section 3 examines errors in foreign language leaming process, section 4 mentions contrastive analysis (CA) and sootion 5, the asl section, disouss rar analysis (RA), 1. Written language versux spoken language A commonly hetd belief is that the nature of wrillon Language will be most elcarly seen when being contrasted with that of the spoken language. Many famous linguists have followed this approach such as Brown & Yule, Byrne, Lillis & Sinclair, ete.
Brown & Yule (1983) suggest thal information is packed very much more donscly in the written language than in the spoken form, which also cxplains its brevity and results ftom the presence of heavy premoditied noun phrases, heavy adverbial modification and complex subordinating phrases. In ather words, the written language provides much more information than the spoken language with a more complicated sct of vocabulary and gramunar rules. Fllis & Sinclair (1989) make a clear distinction between spoken and written language. They point out that written language is foumal and stable while spoken language is informal and variable.
‘Therefore, it appears much easier to provide a model of written languages than that of spoken onc. Done Byrne (1997) also agrees with the view thal writing is different trom speech in a number of ways. Speech takes place against the ‘background of a situation and much of what we say can be understood fiom the situation: spocch is addressed to a person who is present at that time and there is continuous interaction and feedback, which may be in verbal or non-verbal form, ‘hat is not to mention the considerable amount of resources possible to be drawn from speech through the use of prosodic features, facial expressions, geslures. Writing, in contrast, crcatos contexts and is a way of communicating with someone who is not present and may not lead to interaction.
‘There is also no use of the prosodic features, which is replaced by graphological doviccs such as punctuation and capilatiation, vii LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Comparing spoken language and written language. Table 2: Total number or errors from the test papers. Table 3: Parts of speech in Vietnamese. Table 2: Number or grammatical errors from the test papers.
- The Tesnlt of this study could provide the information and evaluation for the students” knowledge of grammar, so they would avoid th ame crroTs Hex LTC. = Sk would be useful for the teachers to improve the students’ writing skills. Organization of the study ‘The study consisis of three parts: introduction, development with three chapters and conclusion. Part A, INTRODUCTION prescnis an overview of the study with the rationale.
atms, fh research questions and scope of the study Besides, the significance of the study and organization of the study are presented. Part B, DE! ‘ELOPMENT includes three chapters: Chapter 1 presents literature review relevant to the study. Chapter 2 consists of rescarch questions, participants of the study, data collection instruments and procedures of data collection, Chapter 3 displays the major findings of the error analysis and discussions from the coliscted data analysis, Tt also provides some suggestions for further tcaching siratcgios. Part C: CONCLUSION prcsenls a sutnnary of the study.
Tt also provides some fimilations of the study and suggestions for further study The REFERENCES and APPENDIXES are at the end to the study. LIST OF ABBREVIATION AND SYMBOLS Contraslive Analysis Correct Sentenee EA Emor Analysis 1L English as a Foreign Language ES Exror Sentence Ll First Language 12 Second Language Mother Tongue SLA Second Language Acquisition Ti. Targel lamgmage TG2USS ‘Tinh Gia 2 Upper Secondary School Ø Missing word 2, Aims of the study ‘this study is primarily targeted at helping to improve the grade 10 students’ writing skills by reducing the negative interference of the 1.1 (Vietnamese) on their writing. To achieve this aim, the researcher attempts: + To find out the most frequent 1.1 interference errors sludents committed when doing paragraph writing, - To identify causes of the students” writing errors — the interference of the L1 - To give practical recommendations.
Research questions of the study The sludy just focuses on wriling errors caused by MT interference, the following rescarch questions are proposed: 1. How nawh does L! interfere with the students" writing? 2. What are the most common L1- related grammatical errars conmnitted by the students in their writing? 4. Scope of the study The study was cartiod oul with four clas {T0C1, 10G6, 1007 snđ 1011) consisting of 182 students of TG2US$S in their second term, the academic year 2010-2011.
Duc to the fixed cuniculum and limited time, the study only centred on the L1- related grammatical errors committed by students in their final writing test papers and based on the analysis of their writing papers, some suggested solutions wore provided Significance pf the study ‘The study atternpis to bring aboul some benefits thcoretically and practically to the rea and researchers, especially to the secondary school teachers of English. In terms of theoretical benefits, the study could provide the infoumation on the studants’ errors in paragraph writing in teaching and leaming process. In terms of practical benetits, the researcher hopes that the study could be the references for teachers of English and the readers as well LIST OF ABBREVIATION AND SYMBOLS Contraslive Analysis Correct Sentenee EA Emor Analysis 1L English as a Foreign Language ES Exror Sentence Ll First Language 12 Second Language Mother Tongue SLA Second Language Acquisition Ti. Targel lamgmage TG2USS ‘Tinh Gia 2 Upper Secondary School Ø Missing word PART A: INTRODUCTION ‘This part provides an overview of the study including the rationale, aims as well as the research questions and scope of the study.
Besides, the significance of the sludy and organization of the study ars proscntod. 1, Rationale for the study Tn recent yea the isaching and learning of Fnglish have become a greal concern in ‘Vietnam, English is now taught not only at all universities and colleges but also as a basic and compulsory subject at all upper secondary schools, including ‘G2USS. Writing is one of four skills in Ianguage Tearning pracoss and it is scon as the most ¢ifficull and complex language skill because it requires widely perception and needs good understanding on grammar and structures. Along with language knowledge and other three skills, writing is often required and evaluated! as a part of the lotal assessment of tesis in two terms of the academic year of upper secondary school.