INTRODUCTION It is said that freight logistics is an economic sector associated with the Development of a country. The development of freight logistics is always Accompanying the country's growth rate. By probably Freight Logistics is one of the activities in the flow of circulation. Distribution, an important process of connecting production with consumption and is the master The process of social production.
For Vietnam since 1986 when the country entered a period of renovation, freight forwarding in general and air freight forwarding in particular have played an increasingly important role in the development. of the country. As a young business sector, it is difficult to compete equally with foreign transport companies, so freight forwarding is considered as one of the business fields protected by the State and encouraged to develop. This is especially evident in the field of freight forwarding by air.
Company VINATRANS - One of the leading subsidiary companies in the field of logistics of import and export goods with the support, encouragement from the state has been gradually consolidating and develop their business to be able to best meet the customer requirements, competing to survive, stand firm in the market economy contributing to the foreign economic activity of the country. Although there have been many attempts to do the business of the delivery service aviation import and export goods in VINATRANS has not yet really achieve optimum efficiency. So what is the reason? AND must take measures overcome, how to draw experience in the next time? 1 Being aware of the importance of air freight forwarding activities for the development of the national economy in general and at VINATRANS in particular, through a period of time directly studying the business of air freight forwarding business. At VINATRANS, I chose the topic: "Current situation and solutions to promote import and export of goods by air at Vinatrans company” for my graduation thesis with the desire to improve my own practical knowledge and make a small contribution to the development of the Company.
In addition to the preface and the conclusion, my graduation thesis consists of 3 chapters: Chapter I: Overview of air freight forwarding services Chapter II: Actual situation of forwarding import and export of goods transported by air at VINATRANS. Chapter III: A number of measures to promote air freight forwarding activities for import and export at VINATRANS 2 CHAPTER I: OVERVIEW OF AIR FREIGHT FOWARDING SERVICE I. INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS ON THE DELIVERY OF GOODS BY AIR. In order to unify the relationship between the parties, as well as the unification of legal procedures, the division of operating areas of civil airlines, in the world, international organizations have been formed, relating to the activities of civil aviation operations.
Thanks to the activities of these organizations, the international aviation network is unified and synchronized, in order to avoid possible disputes. However, the application of the rules of these organizations is arbitrary because in addition to that application, the national or regional airlines also have their own specific provisions of the airline. transport shops in those localities. Here are some typical organizations: 1.
International Civil Aviation Organization - ICAO This is a special United Nations agency, established in 1947 to manage the airline's operations in its member states. This agency was established on the basis of the United Nations Civil Aviation Convention, adopted in 1944 in Chicago. The purpose of ICAO's operational principle is to ensure the development of safe and orderly international air transport worldwide; recommends encouraging art aircraft for peaceful purposes; encourage the development of airways, airports and airlift equipment ; meet the world's transportation needs by air, preventing waste due to unreasonable competition; ensure respect for the rights of Contracting States; promote the development of aviation science in all aspects. 3 ICAO's headquarters are located in Montreal, Canada, with representative offices in Paris, Dakar, Cairo, Bangkok, Lim a & Mexico.
Vietnam has been an official member of ICAO since 1980. International Air Transport Association - IATA IATA is a non-governmental organization established in 1945 in Lahabana, Cuba. The headquarters of the Association is located in Montreal, Canada. Members of IATA are of 2 types: Official members and associate members.
Official members include airlines participating in international activities, scheduled business. Also affiliated members are domestic airlines , scheduled business. Associated members are not allowed to vote at IATA conferences or forums. The purpose of IATA is to promote safe, regular and for the benefit of the world's people; encourage trade by air; contribute to promoting the interaction between air transport enterprises; close cooperation with ICAO and other international organizations.
The General Assembly is the highest authority of IATA, conducting annual meetings. IATA Standing Committees include: - No-load committee - Technical committee - Legal committee - Financial committee - Aviation medical committee Each committee consists of several sub-committees and working groups of a nature permanent or established when needed. International Federation of Freight Forwarders Association - FIATA The International Federation of Freight Forwarders Association, established in 1926, is a non-governmental organization, composed of official members who are international forwarding federations and cooperative members which are individual forwarding companies. FIATA is the world's largest forwarding organization with 40,000 forwarding and logistics companies, employing 8-10 million people in 150 countries.
Agencies of the United Nations such as the United Nations Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC), the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), the European Commission of the United Nations (EC) and the Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP) has recognized its global legal status. FIATA is also recognized by international organizations involved in trade and transport such as the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) as well as the carrier and shipper organizations. FIATA's main goal is to link and unify the logistics industry around the world; protect and promote the benefits of forwarders; improve service quality by developing and improving sample delivery and receipt documents, standard business terms; professional training at the international level; strengthen coordination relationships with shippers and carriers. FIATA's scope of activities is very wide through the activities of a series of subcommittees such as: Subcommittee on social relations; Legal subcommittee and insurance documents … The main types of documents that FIATA can issue include: FIATA FCR (Certificate of receipt of goods from the forwarder); FIATA FCT (Transport 5 certificate of the consignee); FBL (Bill of Lading of FIATA); FWB; SDC; SIC; FFT … II.
CONCEPT OF AIR DELIVERY AND ROLE OF AIR DELIVERY 1. General concept of delivery 1. Forwarding concept International cargo transportation is an important component of international trade, an indispensable stage in the circulation process to bring goods from production to consumption. So, what is forwarding service ? Freight Forwarding Service, according to the FIATA Model Rules for Forwarding Services : "is any type of service related to the transportation, consolidation, warehousing, loading, packaging or distribution of goods and services.
advisory services related to the above services, including customs, financial matters, insurance, payment, document collection related to goods". According to the Vietnam Commercial Law 1997, "Freight forwarding is a commercial act whereby a freight forwarder receives goods from a shipper, organizes transportation, storage, warehousing, carry out paperwork and other related services to deliver goods to the consignee under the consignment of the goods owner, the carrier or other forwarding services (collectively referred to as customers)"- Article 163 of the 1997 Commercial Law. In general, both the Vietnamese Commercial Law and the FIATA Model Code define the delivery service in the direction of listing all services relating to the process of transporting goods from the shipper (the exporter) to Hand of the consignee (importer) with a range of jobs such as packaging, packaging, storage, bringing goods to the port, carrying out procedures for goods loading , loading 6 onto ships, and transporting goods along the way , unload the ship and deliver it to the recipient … Previously, the delivery could have been done by the shipper, the consignee or the carrier. However, along with the development of international trade, the division of international labor with the increasing level and scale of flower expertise , forwarding has also gradually been specialized by organizations, trade unions.
Professional forwarder proceeded and forwarder has officially become a "Profession". Logistics profession in the world was born about 500 years ago. In 1552, at BADILAY, Switzerland, E-VANSAI appeared for the first time the forwarding business and the transportation of goods. This company trades very high fees, about 1/3 of the value of the goods.
Later, the forwarding business was separate from transport and trading, gradually being specialized by professional forwarding organizations and companies. Forwarder concept The person dealing in forwarding services is called the Forwarder (Freight Forwarder, Forwarding Agent). The forwarder may be the owner of the goods (when he acts on his own to carry out the forwarding of his goods ), the ship owner (when the ship owner acts on behalf of the owner of the goods), loading or unloading company, a warehouse, a professional freight forwarder or any other person with a logistic service business. According to the FIATA: "The forwarder is a person who takes care of the goods being carried under a consignment contract and acts in the interests of the consignor who is not the person himself.
The forwarder also undertakes all the work related to the delivery and receipt contract such as preservation, transshipment storage, customs clearance and inspection”. 7 Defined by ESCAP "The freight forwarder is an agent acting on behalf of the import-export to perform tasks from simple things such as storage, customs clearance to package services of the whole process of transport and distribution of goods". This definition emphasizes the main function of the forwarder is to make reasonable use of the transportation network and types of transport to get the goods to the correct address. According to the 1997 Vietnam Commercial Law, goods delivery service providers are traders who have business registration for goods delivery and service services because according to Article 163 of the 1997 Vietnam Commercial Law, "Chemical is a commercial act ." requires the person who conducts delivery services to have a business registration certificate and be considered a "trader" for engaging in commercial acts.
In the past, freight forwarders used to act as agents to perform some tasks entrusted by importers and exporters, such as loading and unloading, warehousing, paperwork, inland transportation and handling. payment for goods… Along with the development of international trade and scientific and technological advances in the transport industry, forwarding services have also been expanded. The date of delivery plays an important role in international trade and transportation. The forwarder not only does customs procedures, or ships but also provides a full service on the entire process of transport and distribution of goods.
In many different countries, freight forwarders are called different names such as Customs House Agent, Customs Broker, Clearing Agent, Shipping and Forwarding Agent, Principal Carrier… 8 2. The concept of air freight forwarding and the role of air freight forwarders 2. The concept of air freight forwarding: Just like the modes of delivery by sea, rail or road, freight forwarding by air also bears the basic general characteristics of forwarding in general. From the definition of forwarding as mentioned above, it can be understood that air freight forwarding is a collection of operations related to the air transport process in order to perform the movement of goods from the place of delivery to the place of receipt of goods.
The person performing air freight forwarding services may be the owner, the airline, the professional freight forwarder or any other person. Currently air freight forwarding is usually provided by air freight agents and freight forwarders: + Air cargo agent: is an intermediary between a carrier (airlines) and a cargo owner (exporter or importer). Speaking of air freight agents, it is often called IATA agent because this is the most standard agent.