Tác động của các yếu tố hành vi đến quyết định đầu tư cá nhân tại Sở Giao dịch Chứng khoán TP.HCM

Luận văn thạc sĩ nghiên cứu the impacts of behavioral factors on individual investors decision making at the ho chi minh stock, khảo sát thực trạng, phân tích nguyên nhân, đề xuất

Chuyên ngành

Business Administration

Người đăng

Ẩn danh

Thể loại

Thesis

2012

70
0
0

Phí lưu trữ

30 Point

Mục lục chi tiết

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

ABSTRACT

1. CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

1.1. Research objectives and research questions

2. CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1. Traditional finance theory versus behavioral finance

2.2. Behavioral factors impact the process of investors’ decision-making

3. CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3.3. Data collection method

3.4. Design of Measurements and Questionnaire

3.5. Data process and analysis

4. CHAPTER 4: RESEARCH RESULT AND FINDING DISSCUSSION

4.2. Characteristic of sample

4.3. Measurement Reliability Test using Cronbach’s Alpha

4.4. Factor analysis of behavioral variables influencing the individual investment decisions

4.5. Impact Levels of Behavioral Factors on the Individual Investors’ Investment Decisions

4.5.1. Impacts of Heuristic Variables

4.5.2. Impacts of Prospect Variables

4.5.3. Impacts of Market Variables

4.5.4. Impacts of Herding Variables

5. CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

5.3. Contributions of the study

5.4. Recommendations for Individual Investors

5.5. Limitations and further researches

LIST OF TABLES

LIST OF FIGURES

Trích đoạn nội dung tài liệu

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS HOCHIMINH CITY ---------------- NGUYEN HAI NAM THE IMPACTS OF BEHAVIORAL FACTORS ON INDIVIDUAL INVESTORS’ DECISION MAKING AT THE HO CHI MINH STOCK EXCHANGE MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION THESIS HoChiMinh City – 2012 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS HO CHI MINH CITY ---------------- NGUYEN HAI NAM THE IMPACTS OF BEHAVIORAL FACTORS ON INDIVIDUAL INVESTORS’ DECISION MAKING AT THE HO CHI MINH STOCK EXCHANGE Major: Business Administration Major Code: 60.05 MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION THESIS Supervisor: DR. TRAN HA MINH QUAN HoChiMinh City – 2012 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude and deepest appreciation to my research Supervisor, Dr. Tran Ha Minh Quan for his intensive support, valuable suggestions, guidance and encouragement during the course of my study. I would like to express my sincere gratitude to all of my teachers at Faculty of Business Administration and Postgraduate Faculty, University of Econimics Ho Chi Minh City for their teaching and guidance during my MBA course. I would like to express my gratefulness to my friends working at the Ho Chi Minh Stock Exchange and securities companies, who help me to arrange interviews and distribute questionnaires. I am also thankful to beneficiary customers who participated in the interviews and the survey. I would like to specially express my thanks to all of my classmates, my friends from for their support and encouragement. I would also like to avail this opportunity to express my appreciation to Professor Nguyen Dong Phong, UEH Board of Directors for creating MBA program in English and Dr. Tran Ha Minh Quan for his support during the course. Finally, I heartily dedicate this study to my beloved parents, my younger brother Duc Vinh, and my wife, Doan Phuong who have encouraged and supported me during my study. Page i TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com ABSTRACT This study investigates the impacts of behavioral factors on the investment decisions of individual investors in stock market. It applies behavioral finance theory to explore the possible behavioral factors influencing individual investors’ investment decisions then identify the impact levels of those factors using data from respondents of 180 individual investors at the Ho Chi Minh Stock Exchange (HOSE). According to the findings of this study, there are four behavioral factors affecting the investment decisions of individual investors at HOSE: Heuristic, Market, Prospect, and Herding. The impacts of four behavioral factors on individual investors’ decision making at HOSE are in varying degrees from high impact to low impact: Market factor has highest impact; Heuristic and Prospect have moderate impact; while Herding factor only has low impact. Keywords: “Behavioral finance”, ”Behavioral factors”, “Individual investors’ decision-making”, “Ho Chi Minh Stock Exchange”, “HOSE”, “Vietnam” Page ii TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com CONTENTS Acknowledgement.iii List of Tables . v List of Figures . vi CHAPTER1: INTRODUCTION .3 Research objectives and research questions . 6 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW.1 Traditional finance theory versus behavioral finance .2 Behavioral factors impact the process of investors’ decision-making . 19 CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY .3 Data collection method .4 Design of Measurements and Questionnaire .5 Data process and analysis. 27 Page iii TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com CHAPTER 4: RESEARCH RESULT AND FINDING DISSCUSSION .2 Characteristic of sample .3 Measurement Reliability Test using Cronbach’s Alpha .4 Factor analysis of behavioral variables influencing the individual investment decisions .5 Impact Levels of Behavioral Factors on the Individual Investors’ Investment Decisions .1 Impacts of Heuristic Variables .2 Impacts of Prospect Variables .3 Impacts of Market Variables .4 Impacts of Herding Variables . 46 CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS .3 Contributions of the study .4 Recommendations for Individual Investors .5 Limitations and further researches . 61 Page iv TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com LIST OF TABLES Table 2.1: Behavioral factors influencing the investment decision-making .1: Type of measurements for personal information .2: Type of measurements for behavioral variables .1: Sex of respondents .2: Age of respondents .3: Time for attending stock market .4: Attending course of stock exchange .5: Amount of investment last year .6: Cronbach’s Alpha Test for items of Factors .7: Factor analysis (EFA) for behavioral variables .8: Impacts of variables on investment decision at HOSE.9: Results of the hypotheses . 41 Page v TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2.1: The research model of behavioral factors’ impacts on investment decisions of Individual investors at HOSE .1: The research process. 22 Page vi TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Research background Stock market is a market where stocks are bought and sold (Zuravicky, 2005). It has the important role on the development of an economy. It can be considered as the yardstick for economic strength and healthy. Stock market is a source of financing investment. Besides, stock market also performs a function as a signaling mechanism to managers regarding investment decisions and a catalyst for corporate governance (Supat, 1998). Additionally, stock market may push the development of an economy through efficient allocation of resources and better utilization of resources (Supat, 1998). However, stock market is best known for being the most effective channel for company’s capital raise (Zuravicky, 2005). There are some reasons that make interesting to people when investing in stock market. The first reason is because of “long-term growth of capital, dividends, and a hedge against the inflationary erosion of purchasing power” (Zuravicky, 2005). The other reason that makes the stock market more attractive than other types of investment is its liquidity (Bencivenga et al. Liquidity allows investors to trade stocks easily and quickly while firms still have permanents use of capital for stable development (Bencivenga et al. Most people invest in stocks because they want to be the owners of the firm, from which they benefit when the company pay dividends or when stock price increases (Zuravicky, 2005). However, many people buy stocks for the purpose of control over the firms. Regularly, shareholders need to own specific amount of shares to be in the board of directors who can make strategic decisions and set directions for the firms. Page 1 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com Vietnam stock market, which established from 2000, is still a frontier or pre-emerging market due to the quality of market criteria (FTSE, 2011). In comparison to developed markets (such as the USA, the UK, Japan, EU,…) and emerging markets (such as Mexico, China, India,…), Vietnam stock market appears to be much smaller in terms of scale and maturity. However, Vietnam stock market with reprentativeness from Ho Chi Minh Stock Exchange (HOSE) has been developed significantly in both the number of listed stocks and transaction value for 11 years. During that period, the price movement at HOSE seems to fluctuate unpredictably. In addition, Vietnamese investors’ decisions are still difficult for financial analysts to understand. Many comments and recommendations given by security companies or even global financial organizations did not match with what has really happened. At the early of 2008, when VN-Index was standing at around 830 points, Yoong, the analysis manager of Mekong Securities was confident to assert that VN-Index would go up to 1140 point in 2008 (Tu, 2008). Publishing the same opinion, HSBC and many security companies affirmed that VN-Index would be likely to reach 1,100 point by the end of 2008 (HSBC, 2007). Belief in the growth of stock market did not help these analysts to save the VN-Index from remarkable declination. In a forecast at the early of 2009, HSBC predicted that 2009 would be another difficult year and the Ho Chi Minh stock market would be volatile with some large up and down swings, but end up at the same level as 2008, around 316 points (HSBC, 2009). This forecast is not accurate as at the end of 2009, VN-Index was 1.5 times more than that of 2008. Therefore, it is possible to state that the forecast methods based on the conventional financial theories are not suitable for Ho Chi Minh stock market in this context. These theories assume that investors rationally maximize their wealth by following basic financial rules Page 2 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com and making investment decision on the risk-return consideration. However, level of risk acceptance of the investors depends on their personal characteristics and attitudes to risk (Gao and Schmidt, 2005). It is, therefore, necessary to explore behavioral factors that impact on the decision-making process of individual investors in the current Ho Chi Minh stock market to help the investors as well as security companies raise better predictions and decisions for their business. Behavioral finance can be helpful in this case because it is based on psychology to explain why people buy or sell stocks (Waweru et al. Many researchers consider behavioral finance as good theory to understand and explain feelings and cognitive errors affecting investment decision-making (Waweru et al. Supporters of behavioral finance believe that the study of social sciences such as psychology can help to reveal the behaviors of stock market, market bubbles and crashes (Gao and Schmidt, 2005). There are two reasons why behavioral finance is important and interesting to be applied for Vietnam stock market. Firstly, behavioral finance is still a new topic for study. The understanding about individual investors’ behaviors and the behavioral factors affecting their investment decisions is very limited. Until recently, it is accepted as a feasible model to explain how investors of financial markets make decisions and then these decisions influence the financial markets (Kim and Nofsinger, 2008). Secondly, due to some evidences – subjective, academic, and experimental – it is concluded that Asian investors, included Vietnamese, usually suffer from cognitive biases more than people from other cultures (Kim and Nofsinger, 2008). Therefore, the consideration of the factors influencing the Vietnamese investors’ decision-making process cannot ignore the behavioral elements. Page 3 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com Behavioral finance studies have been carried out popularly in developed markets of Europe and the USA (Caparrelli et al., 2004; Fogel and Berry, 2006, and many others) as well as in emerging and frontier markets, for example Malaysia and Kenya (Lai, 2001; Waweru et al. However, the number of studies using behavioral finance for frontier and emerging markets is much fewer than for developed markets. In this study, behavioral finance is used for Vietnam security market, a pre-emerging stock market of South Asia, to recognize the driven factors of individual investors’ behavior. The authors hope that this study can enrich the number of studies using behavioral finance for less developed security markets such as Vietnam.2 Problem statement Due to the positive correlation between stock market and economy, the rise of stock market will positively affect the development of the economy and vice versa. Thus, the decisions of investors on stock market play an important role in defining the market trend, which then influences the economy. To understand and give some suitable explanation for the investors’ decisions, it is important to explore which behavioral factors influencing the decisions of individual investors at the HOSE and how these factors impact their investment decisions. It will be useful for investors to understand common behaviors, from which justify their reactions for better returns. Security organizations may also use this information for better understanding about investors to forecast more accurately and give better recommendations. Thus, stock price will reflect its true value and HOSE becomes the yardstick of the economy’s wealth and helps enterprises to raise capital for production and expansion. Page 4 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.3 Research objectives and questions In the clearer statement, the research focuses on achieving the following objectives: • Applying the behavioral finance to identify the possible behavioral factors influencing the investment decisions of individual investors at the HOSE. • Identifying the impact levels of behavioral factors on the investment decisions of individual investors at the HOSE. To get the research objectives, some questions are raised for the authors during the study.

Nội dung được bảo vệ bản quyền — Tải xuống đầy đủ