Khám Phá Ý Định Sử Dụng Tín Dụng Chính Thức Của Nông Dân Tại Cần Thơ - Phạm Thanh An, Trường Đại ...

Nghiên cứu hành vi sử dụng tín dụng chính thức của nông dân tại thành phố Cần Thơ, Việt Nam, mang lại cái nhìn sâu sắc về tài chính nông nghiệp.

Chuyên ngành

Master of Business

Người đăng

Ẩn danh

Thể loại

Thesis

2016

76
0
0

Phí lưu trữ

30 Point

Mục lục chi tiết

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

ABSTRACT

TABLE OF CONTENTS

LIST OF FIGURES

LIST OF TABLES

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

1. CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

2. CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1. Review on Behavioral intention

2.2. Perceived service quality

2.3. Validity measure by exploratory factor analysis

3. CHAPTER 4: DATA ANALYSIS

4.1. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA)

4.2. EFA for Independent constructs

4.3. EFA for Dependent variable

4.4. Results of testing assumptions

4.5. Results of multiple regressions analysis

4.6. Discussion of research findings

5. CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS

5.1. For bank’s Managers

5.2. For government authorities

5.3. Recommendation for further studies

Appendix A: List of in-depth interview participants

Appendix B: In-depth interview’s refinement measurement scale

Appendix E: Descriptive statistics

Appendix F: Reliability test

Appendix G: Exploratory factors analysis

Appendix H: Regressions Results

Trích đoạn nội dung tài liệu

UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS HO CHI MINH CITY International School of Business ------------------------------ Pham Thanh An FARMERS’ BEHAVIORAL INTENTION TO USE FORMAL CREDIT: A STUDY IN CANTHO CITY, VIETNAM Ho Chi Minh City – 2016 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS HO CHI MINH CITY International School of Business ------------------------------ Pham Thanh An FARMER’S BEHAVIORAL INTENTION TO USE FORMAL CREDIT: A STUDY IN CANTHO CITY, VIETNAM ID: ……. MASTER OF BUSINESS (Honours) SUPERVISOR: Dr. TRAN PHUONG THAO Ho Chi Minh City – 2016 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com i ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Firstly, I would like to express my deepest appreciation to my supervisor Dr. Tran Phuong Thao for her professional guidance, valuable advices, continuous encouragement, and support that made this thesis possible. I would like to extend deep senses of gratitude to Prof. Nguyen Dinh Tho, Dr. Tran Ha Minh Quan, and lecturers who have taught and transferred me valuable knowledge and experiences during my time taking Master of Business courses at International School of Business, special thanks to all of my dear friends in Mbus4 class who gave me useful materials, responses and experiences to conduct this study. I would also like to express my grateful thanks to my associates, my friends, and my colleagues who participated in filling the questionnaires and/or helped send the questionnaires to the famers, and provided valuable information and comments for this study. Personally, I wish to express my deep gratitude to my colleagues and friends working at State Bank of Vietnam, Cantho City; MBBank Cantho; Vietcombank Cantho; Sacombank Cantho; Eximbank Cantho; BIDV Cantho; Agribank Cantho Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com ii ABSTRACT Exploring motivation for accessing formal credit is increasingly receiving interest from researchers and practitioners. However, few of their works have specifically investigated in the context of Vietnam on empirical basis. This paper aims to empirically examine the determinants of farmer‟s behavioral intention towards using formal credit in Vietnam. Drawing on Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) model, this study suggests a modified TRA model associated with other constructs (i. perceived service quality, and perceived value). Using a data set of 250 cases in a survey and multiple regressions, the analyses indicated that formal credit‟s usage is enabled substantially by perceived service quality and subjective norm following by perceived value and attitude. The results imply that to facilitate the farmer‟s behavioral intention to use formal credit, banking authorities and commercial banks need to continuously improve quality of lending service which focuses on simplifying procedures of approving and disbursing fund, and to consider educating the farmers and local associations the promotion of ease of use and usefulness of formal credit as well as its distinct advantages compared with informal credit or “black credit”. The findings suggest several implications for leadership of commercial banks and banking authorities. Keywords: Formal credit, Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA), perceived service quality, perceived value, behavioral intention. TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com iii TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMETS.ii TABLE OF CONTENT . iii LIST OF FIGURES . v LIST OF TABLES . vi LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS .vii CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION . 7 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW . Review on Behavioral intention. Perceived service quality . 22 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail. Validity measure by exploratory factor analysis. 24 CHAPTER 4: DATA ANALYSIS . Exploratory factor analysis (EFA). EFA for Independent constructs. EFA for Dependent variable. Results of testing assumptions. Results of multiple regressions analysis. Discussion of research findings. 38 CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS . For bank‟s Managers. For government authorities. Recommendation for further studies. 55 Appendix A: List of in-depth interview participants. 1 Appendix B: In-depth interview‟s refinement measurement scale. 5 Appendix E: Descriptive statistics. 7 Appendix F: Reliability test. 9 Appendix G: Exploratory factors analysis . 11 Appendix H: Regressions Results. 13 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com v LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2.1 TRA model 9 Figure 2.2 Conceptual model 17 Figure 3 Research process 19 Figure 4 The research model tested by Multiple Regressions 35 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com vi LIST OF TABLES Table 2.1 Representative studies utilizing TRA and bank selection criteria 11 Table 3.1 Final measurement scales 21 Table 4.1 Demographics profile 25 Table 4.2 Reliability test result 26 Table 4.3 KMO and Bartlett's Test of Independent variables 28 Table 4.4 Total variance explained of Independent variables 29 Table 4.5 Pattern matrix 29 Table 4.6 KMO and Bartlett's Test of Dependent variable 30 Table 4.7 Factor Matrix 30 Table 4.8 Total variance explained of Dependent variables 30 Table 4.9 Correlation matrix 32 Table 4.10 Model summary 32 Table 4.12 Regression results by ENTER method 33 Table 4.13 Summary of results of testing hypotheses 34 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com vii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS No. Abbreviation Name 1 TRA Theory of reasoned action 2 EFA Exploratory Factor Analysis 3 ATT Attitude 4 SJN Subjective norm 5 PSQ Perceived service quality 6 PVL Perceived Value 7 TAM Technology acceptance model 8 TPB Theory of planned behavior 9 SBV State Bank of Vietnam TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com 1 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1. Research background Vietnam‟s economy has been converting from a centrally planned economy to a market - oriented economy as from the Doi Moi policy being initiated in the late 1980s. The policy resulted in a steady annually economic growth of 4.6% in the 1990s and 7% in 2008 (Duy, D‟Haese, Lemba, Hau & D‟Haese, 2012). For instance, the contribution of agriculture to total gross domestic production on average at 3.68% per annum for the period of 1986 to 2014, of which growth rate of farming, forestry and fishery production stably increase by 5.5% per annum within the same period (Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 2016). After 20 years since Doi Moi policy, agricultural production has been steadily grown, in which food production had a significant rise since 1989. Yet, poverty levels remain relatively high in countryside areas, with the inequity in development between rural and urban regions still being large. Additionally, there is a wide gap in wealth between rich and poverty-stricken households. Rural economies in Vietnam therefore deserve more attention and support, if rural poverty is to be contained (Scott & Brassard, 2005). Known as a country of high proportion of rural population, 66.9% of the peasant households of Vietnam live in rural areas mainly attached to farming (General Statistics Office of Vietnam, 2014). Peasant household, nevertheless, does farming business without right direction and with being in shortage of finance (Phan Huy Duong, Bui Duc Tung & Phan Anh, 2010). Credit, hence, is considered to be an essential resource to improve farm household welfare and production. In rural development programs, the government uses credit programs in an attempt to provide the rural poor with access to cheap credit, in order to increase productivity, living standards. Access to formal credit is considered to be an important tool for promoting production and quality of life (Duy et al. Formal credit, which is also widely named as agricultural credit, rural credit, is generated from formal lenders (i. commercial banks, cooperative banks) being institutions regulated by the government and operated within the regulatory framework of the financial systems while informal sources are money lenders, TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com 2 pawnshops and family or friends (Campero & Kaiser, 2013). It is believed that informal credit is easy to access due to its convenience, quickness, widespread presence (i. market, neighboring places). However, the government‟s failure to intervene agriculture credit led to the existence of informal lending activities in Vietnam, which is similar to many developing countries. Informal credit exposes some features such as by far higher rate of interest than formal one which is usually verbally agreed, short lending period which is commonly agreed on monthly basis, and at the due date violence might be applied if the borrower fails to repay (State Bank of Vietnam [SBV], 2016). Lack of collateral, weak credit contract enforcement and underdevelopment of insurance service discourage bank creditors to serve this market (Ghosh, Mookherjee, & Ray, 2000). It is asymmetry information that formal financial institutions ruled peasant household out the access of formal credit (Hoff & Stiglitz, 1990). Agricultural credit involves giving out of credit to small scale farmers for the purpose of farming (Oladeebo & Oladeebo, 2008). This was also argued by Muhongayire, Hitayezu, Mbatia and Mukoya-Wangia (2013) that farm credit enhances productivity and promotes standard of living by breaking vicious cycle of poverty of small scale farmers. It is usually also considered as an essential input for increasing agricultural land and labor productivity, boosting food production and income levels, encouraging employment and alleviating rural poverty. Generally, farm credit is provided for relief of distress and for purchasing productivity-enhancing inputs such as seeds, fertilizers, and farm implements. The importance of credit for rural development is even more pronounced for developing countries with largely subsistence farming systems. According to World Bank (2014), number of adults in Vietnam owning bank account and using financial services is rather moderate, approximately 31% compared to world average number at 62%. While agriculture contributes significantly to the country‟s economic growth, the sector continues to be characterized by very low levels of input use. Currently the supply of formal credit to agriculture sector is sharply increasing of that many institutions get involved in providing formal credit other commercial banks, and the agricultural credit balance has been growing dramatically (Nguyen & Nguyen, 2011). TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com 3 Further, KPMG (2013) indicated that corporate lending is the main activity of the banks in Vietnam and it accounts for almost half of total loans while only 28% are loans to individuals. By contrast, informal credit in Vietnam has been increasingly growing, and reached an amount of US$ 50 billion equivalent to 30% of total lending balance provided by commercial banks (SBV, 2013). This implies that very few farmers in Vietnam in general and in Mekong Delta in particular actually accesses formal credit from commercial banks. Thus, exploration of motivation for farmer‟s usage of formal credit instead of “black credit”, “cut-throats loans” (Lainez, 2014) is increasingly carried out by researchers and practioners. It is challenging for farmers to grow out of poverty without being provided with adequate and affordable financial services (Papias & Ganesan, 2010). Credit accomplishes this developmental task by enabling risk-averse smallholder farmers to overcome their liquidity problem and to make farm investments, particularly in improved farm technology and inputs that could lead to increased agricultural production (Fuentes, 1996). Thus, agricultural credit is very essential if economic growth is to be achieved in developing countries and emerging markets. Research Problem Can Tho city is the primarily rice growing region of Vietnam. In 2015, Cantho City transformed approximately 12,000ha of rice-growing land into aquaculture land, which increased average value of production per 1 ha at 153 million VND per annum much greater than other regions in Mekong Delta (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, 2016). Yet, most of Vietnam‟s commercial banks seem to be not paid much attention to lend this segment of customers (Vietnam Farmer‟s Union, 2016). As the result, there is no a specifically designed lending product for the farmers, and the existing lending procedures and processes failed to meet the real demand, even restraint the farmers from accessing the lending. All of commercial banks with the intervention from the Government are carrying out lending package to this segment of customers, but the practical effectiveness of these credit promoting programs is still very limited.1% users of informal credit in Mekong Delta are farmers and family-sized businesses (Bui, 2016), there have been many credit delinquents resulted TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com 4 from informal credit occurred over Vietnam in general and in Mekong Delta in particular. In other words, the questions on rationales of farmers willing or reluctant to use formal credit and factors influencing their behavioral intention to access formal credit in Vietnam have received increasing concerns of researchers.

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