Research report NGHIÊN CỨU HÀNH VI THAM GIA CÔNG ĐOÀN CỦA NGƯỜI LAO ĐỘNG TRONG CÁC DOANH NGHIỆP RESEARCH ÁO REPORT Ở VIỆT NAM A STUDY ON THE BEHAVIOUR OF TRADE UNIONS PARTICIPATION OF WORKERS AT VIETNAMESE’S ENTERPRISES LABOUR RESEARCH CONTEST Research on exploring Industrial Relations practices and relections toward better policies Researched by team of Thuongmai University: Vu Van Thinh, Associate Professor Nguyen Thi Minh Nhan, Vu Thi Minh Xuan, Bui Thi Thu Ha, Nguyen Thi Tu Quyen Ha Noi, December 2018 Trade unions participation of workers at enterprises in Vietnam 1 Research report TABLE OF CONTENT TABLE OF CONTENT LIST OF TABLES, FIGURES PART 1: INTRODUCTION. The necessity of doing this study. Problem statement and research questions. Research objectives and scope.
4 PART 2: LITERATURE REVIEW AND BUILDING RESEARCH MODELS. Research model and research hypotheses. 14 PART 4: RESEARCH RESULT OF TRADE UNIONS PARTICIPATION OF WORKERS AT ENTERPRISES IN VIETNAM. Acts of joining labor unions of Vietnamese laborers and commits to laborers' organizations.
Act of joining the labor union of Vietnamese laborers. Commitment to the organization and the working results of the employees. Social factors influencing union membership behavior of Vietnamese workers. Enterprise’s factors affecting the behavior of joining the labor union of Vietnamese workers.
Trade union factors affecting the union membership of Vietnamese workers. Verification of research hypothesess. Verification of scale reliability. Preliminary assessment of scales by Exploratory Factor Analysis - EFA.
Scale verification by confirmatory factor analysis. Model verification and reseach hypothesess verification. 46 PART 5: DISCUSSION AND SOME POLICY RECOMMENDATIONS. Findings from research results and discussion.
Context and some policy recommendations from research results. Trends affect workers' union rights. Some policy recommendations from research results. Limitations of research.
58 BIBLIOGRAPHY Trade unions participation of workers at enterprises in Vietnam 1 Research report LIST OF TABELS, FIGURES Table 3.1: Statistics of the preliminary survey subjects .2: Number of interviews .3: Scale of variables in the research model .4: Structure of survey samples .1: Summary table to verify the reliability of the scale .2 : KMO and Bartlett's Test .3 : Total variance explained .6: Squared Multiple Correlations: (Group number 1 - Default model) .7: Synthesis of reseach hypotheses verification in the modified model .1: Employee's awareness of the benefits of participation in trade unions .2: Involvement of workers in decision-making process in trade unions.3: Workers participate in the trade union activities .4: Number of collective breaks and strikes from 2009 to 2017 .5: Employees participate in union struggles .6: Employees participating in the leadership of trade unions .7: Commitment to union of workers .8: Vietnam trade union organization chart .9: Standard CFA model. 47 Trade unions participation of workers at enterprises in Vietnam 2 Research report PART 1 INTRODUCTION 1. The necessity of doing this study The union is the representative organization for workers and trade union rights have recognized by the United Nations and the International Labor Organization (ILO) as a fundamental right of workers. In Vietnam, there is only one trade union organization and this organization plays an important role in the social - political system.
Trade union organization has assigned to perform many functions and tasks, including the duties of representative organizations to protect the legitimate and legitimate rights and interests of workers, as well as political and social tasks which is not the function and duty of the employees' representative organizations in general. The above characteristics not only bring many advantages to the Vietnam General Confederation of Labor, but also make it difficult and challeng for it to become an effective representative organization of employees in the labor relations. In recent years, Vietnam has become more and more involved in the international market, requiring us to follow the "rules of the game" globally. Vietnam will have to implement the commitments on labor and freedom of association mentioned in the number of Free trade agreements (FTA) that Vietnam has signed and will sign.
At this time, there will be non-traditional trade unions (new representative organization of workers in Vietnam) and it will create competition with traditional trade unions (grassroots trade unions of the Vietnam General Confederation of Labor). As a result, the Vietnamese trade union organization will have to improve its capacity and bring real value to the workers in order to attract and retain trade union members. The researches in the world indicate that only a high-quality trade union can attract and retain union membership. It is only on such condition that Vietnam's Trade Union can promote its role as a socio-political organization stipulated in the Constitution of our country.
In the framework of the report "Research on trade unions participation behavior of worker at enterprises in Vietnam", trade unions are understood as the current trade union organizations in Vietnam - General union of workers. In Vietnam, other representative organizations of workers may appear when Vietnam fulfills its commitments on freedom of association in FTAs called the new representative organization of workers. The research report is conducted by qualitative and quantitative research methods to make judgments about labor union behavior of workers in enterprises in Vietnam today, determine the level of impact of factors affecting union participation behavior of workers (including groups of factors: Social factors, Enterprise factors, Trade union factors), and clarifying the influence of union participation behavior to commitment to the organization and work results of workers. Trade unions participation of workers at enterprises in Vietnam 3 Research report The research on labor union behavior of employees in enterprises in Vietnam is urgently needed in the context of Vietnam must implement commitments on labor, freedom of association updated in a number of FTAs that Vietnam has and will sign.
The research findings are the basis for proposing the changes of policies and laws and the operation of the Vietnam Trade Union organizations, specifically: Firstly, proposing changes in the national policies and laws on trade union rights in line with the new context: This proposal will be highly practical due to changes in the State's policies and laws on trade union rights. Complying with the terms of the FTAs is a mandatory requirement for Vietnam in the current context. Secondly, proposing to increase the support of the State to the activities of the Vietnam Trade Union in the context of Vietnam's commitments on freedom of association in free trade agreements: Vietnamese trade unions are socio-political organizations defined in Article 10 of the Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. With the legal status, roles, functions, and important tasks of Vietnamese trade unions in the national political system, the research will propose possible State supports to improve the effectiveness of Vietnam General Confederation of Labor in the current context.
Thirdly, proposing to improve the performance of the Vietnam Trade Union organization in the new context. This proposal is practical in association with the activities of the Vietnam Trade Union organization because in the future, the Vietnam Trade Union will have to improve its competitiveness in attracting and retaining union members. Problem statement and research questions The research problem of the thesis is the situation of union participation behavior of workers at enterprises in Vietnam in the context that Vietnam will have to fulfill its commitments on freedom of association in free trade agreements. A study of employee union participation behavior in enterprises in Vietnam by measuring scales and verifying the hypothesis in the research model is to answer the following questions: (i) What indicators are used to measure the participation of workers to unions and the status of union coverage in enterprises in Viet Nam now? (ii) How will workers' union participation affect their commitment and performance? (iii) What are the factors influencing employee union participation in enterprises in Vietnam and what changes should be made to the state's policies regarding union rights to fit the new context; as well as what to do to improve the capacity of the trade union.
Research objectives and scope - Research objectives of the project: The research is conducted for the following objectives: (i) Measure trade unions' participation behaviour of workers in enterprises in Vietnam at the moment; Trade unions participation of workers at enterprises in Vietnam 4 Research report (ii) Evaluate the impact of workers' union participation on the level of commitment to the organization and their performance; (iii) Detect and assess the impact of the factors affecting the current participation of workers in trade unions in Vietnamese enterprises; especially the impact of factors related to the law system on trade unions in our country. (iv) Provide recommendations for changes in the State's legal policies related to the right of unionization of workers in Vietnamese enterprises to fit the International Labour Standards and the new context; (v) Give recommendations for improving the capacity of Vietnam Trade Union as a strong socio-political organization to bring the faith and commitment of workers, from then contributing to effective implementation of the guidelines of the Vietnam’s Communist Party and the Government with the workers movement. - Research scope: + Research area: The research covers some provinces in the North and the South: Hanoi, Hung Yen, Ha Nam, Ho Chi Minh City and Binh Duong. + Content: The research focuses on the factors influencing labor union participation of laborers, the actual status of workers' union participation and the impact of such acts on workers and their results.
Trade unions participation of workers at enterprises in Vietnam 5 Research report PART 2 LITERATURE REVIEW AND BUILDING RESEARCH MODELS 2. Literature review In the world, the topic of researching on workers' union participation behavior (Union participation) has been widely taken care by theorists, researchers and policy makers. There have been many studies around this issue, emphasizing some of the reasons for its importance. Anderson (1978) emphasized the importance of union participation as an indicator of union's democratic quality.
The findings of Child, Loveridge and Warner (1973) also show that low rates of union members participating in union activities indicate a lack of democracy in union activities. Research on labor union behavior of workers focuses on three main research directions: workers' union participation patterns; factors affecting workers' union participation behavior; the impact of labor union behavior of workers on commitment to the organization and the results of their work. As following: On the topic of employees' union participation The term “employees’s union participation” is used to refer to various forms of union participation. Research by Barling J.
(1992), The Union and Its Members: Oxford University Press, A Psychological Approach, points out in detail about motivation of union, including: predictive demographic and personality factors, electoral behavior, union engagement, allegiance, leadership style, collective bargaining,. The study of McShare (1986), Glick, Mirvis and Harder (1977) used this term to indicate participation in union activities while Anderson uses it to refer to other forms of participation such as awareness of participation in decision making, and actual participation in meetings. In general, the research of foreing authors has shown that the forms of union participation are: Awareness of union participation; Participation in decision - making; Participation in trade union activities; Participation in struggle of union; Join the union leader. Bolton, J J Bagraim, L Witten, Y Mohamed, V Zvobgo, M Khan (2007).
In which, awareness of union participation is specifically in the study of Cohen (1993) that workers feel proud of union organizations, interested in issues of unions .; Trade unions participation of workers at enterprises in Vietnam 6 Research report (ii) Participation in decision - making was pointed out by Klandermans (1986) and Aaron Cohen (1993): Employees feel themselves involved in decisions or adoption of agreements; (iii) Participation in trade union activities by Klandermans (1986); Aaron Cohen (1993); Fullagar & Barling (1989); Fullagar và cộng sự (1995); Hoyman & Stallworth (1987); Heshizer, Martin & Wiener (1990); G.