MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS HOCHIMINH CITY --- oOo --- HUỲNH THỊ BÍCH THẢO EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION OF MARKET VALUE CHANGE IN VIETNAM STOCK MARKET MASTER THESIS Ho Chi Minh City – 2011 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS HOCHIMINH CITY --- oOo --- HUỲNH THỊ BÍCH THẢO EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION OF MARKET VALUE CHANGE IN VIETNAM STOCK MARKET MAJOR: FINANCE - BANKING MAJOR CODE: 60.12 MASTER THESIS SUPERVISOR: Assoc. TRAN HUY HOANG Ho Chi Minh City – 2011 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I am grateful to my master thesis supervisor, Assoc. Tran Huy Hoang, for his guidance, time and insightful comments on my work. It is my honor indeed to have the opportunity to work with him and I appreciate on the things we have shared during this time.
I would like to express profound gratitude to Dr. Vo Xuan Vinh for his invaluable supports and useful suggestions as well as his excellent advising from the very first to the final steps of mine in conducting the work leading to this thesis. I would like to express my sincere gratitude to all of my lecturers for their teaching and guidance during my maser course at the University of Economics, Ho Chi Minh City. Finally, the people I would like to thank the most are my parents and my fiancé.
Without their continual encouragement and understanding, I would not have been able to complete this journey. In addition to immediate family members, there are many closed friends who have supported me through this rough journey. I feel very fortunate to have such wonderful friends and supporters in my life. With my appreciation Huynh Thi Bich Thao i TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com ABSTRACT This paper attempts to determine stock price volatility in Vietnam stock market using a rich and detailed data set, including both market data and firm attributes.
In particular, we aim to investigate which firm characteristics affect stock price volatility. From the perspective of informational asymmetry, the paper examines the relationship between stock price volatility and firm characteristics of Vietnamese listed firms on Ho Chi Minh City Stock Exchange. A sample of 110 listed companies in Vietnam stock market is examined for a period from 2007 to 2009. The empirical estimation is based on panel data modeling technique.
The findings of the paper indicate that stock price volatility is positively affected by dividend yield, firm age and liquidity. Meanwhile, it is negatively correlated with firm size. In addition, the results of this study also report that stock price volatility favors foods and beverages, industrials and real estates, construction & materials industries. Keywords: Stock price volatility, firm attributes, Vietnam stock market, panel data.
ii TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENT. iii LIST OF ABBREVIATION. v LIST OF TABLES.1 Background, research motivation and rationale .2 Research objectives and research questions.5 Structure of the thesis.1 Stock price volatility and dividend policy.2 Stock price volatility and firm age.3 Sstock price volatility and trading liquidity .4 Other firm attributes and stock price volatility.9 3 DATA DESCRIPTION AND DEVELOPING EMPIRICAL RESEARCH HYPOTHESES.2 Developing empirical research hypotheses .1 Descriptive statistics and correlation matrix .1 Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regression.2 Fixed effects regression.3 Random effect regression.29 iii TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.29 5 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION OF RESULTS .1 Overall regression results .2 Overall regression with industry dummies .3 Regression results in each year.1 Regression results of 2007.2 Regression results of 2008.3 Regression results of 2009.4 Regression results for each industry .1 Basic materials industry .2 Consumer goods and services industry .3 Food and beverage industry .5 Real estate, construction & materials industry .1 Reviews of findings.3 Limitations and recommendations for future researches. 60 Appendix A: Regression results .60 Appendix B: List of 110 companies .88 iv TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com LIST OF ABBREVIATION HOSE Ho Chi Minh City Stock Exchange HNX Hanoi Stock Exchange PV Price volatility EV Earning volatility ROA Return on assets ROE Return on equity ASGR Asset growth rate LEVR Firm leverage CURR Current ratio DY Dividend yield POR Payout ratio SIZE Firm size AGE Firm age TOVR Liquidity EBIT Earning Before Interest and Tax IPO Initial Public Offer OLS Ordinary Least Square v TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com LIST OF TABLES Table 3.1 Summary of industry structure .2 Description of stock price volatility in Vietnam .3 Data descriptive statistics for firm attributes .4 Data descriptive statistics for firm attributes by year .5 Data descriptive statistics for firm attributes by industry.6 Data description and expected relation to stock price volatility .1 Correlation matrix among variables .2 Variance Inflation Factor .3 Bivariate regression results .4 Overall regression results.5 OLS, fixed effect and random effect tests .6 Overall regression results with industry dummies .7 Regression results of 2007 without and with industry dummies .8 Regression results of 2008 without and with industry dummies .9 Regression results of 2009 without and with industry dummies .10 Regression results for basic materials industry .11 Regression results for consumer goods and services industry.12 Regression results of food and beverage industry.13 Regression results of industrials .14 Regression results of real estates, construction & materials industry .15 Regression results of others industry .16 OLS Regression results with ROA, ROE and EV.17 Cross-section fixed effect regression results with ROA, ROE and EV .53 vi TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com Empirical investigation of stock price volatility in Vietnam stock market 1 INTRODUCTION This section starts with reviewing background and figuring out motivation and rationale of this research.
This section is then followed by discussing research objectives and research questions. After that, a brief of methodology, contribution and structure of this study is presented.1 Background, research motivation and rationale Stock price volatility and its determinants remain a source of controversy despite years of theoretical and empirical research. Investigations of share price changes appear to yield evidence that changes in fundamental variables should jointly bring about changes in share prices both in developed and emerging markets. However, the actual fundamental factors found to be relevant may vary from market to market.
It is widely agreed that a set of fundamental variables as suggested by individual theories is no doubt relevant as possible factors affecting share price changes in the short and the long-run. A substantial a mount of research has been directed toward analyzing the relationship between stock price volatility and firm attributes. Among those substantial research in developed market, it can be listed out some outstanding findings such as Baskin (1989) and Fama and French (1992) in the United States context and Allen and Rachim (1996) in Australian context. While Baskin (1989) reports a strongly significant relationship between dividend yield and stock price volatility, Allen and Rachim (1996) cannot find any evidence to support this hypothesis but finds another interesting results related to payout ratio.
Even though Vietnam initiates the stock market later than many other developed countries, there has been a substantial growth. The first stock exchange in Ho Chi Minh city was established in 2000 with four listed companies. Increased foreign interest and the privatization of state-owned enterprises lead to a rapid increase in listings. At the end of 2009, there are about 250 firms listed on the Ho Chi Minh Stock Exchange and the smaller exchange in Hanoi.
Huynh Thi Bich Thao 1 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com Empirical investigation of stock price volatility in Vietnam stock market Most of the previous studies on determinants of stock return volatility focus on well-developed markets with less attention given to the developing markets. To the best of the author knowledge, there are very few studies that address the issue of stock price volatility and fundamental factors in the Vietnamese context. This motivates the present study to examine whether firm characteristics can affect the stock price volatility of the Vietnamese companies. This study focuses on the same issue for Vietnam Stock market, a developing market.
Apart from using the latest data, we develop this study by incorporating selected variables for selected purposes to examine the determinants of stock price volatility. In addition, industry effects are also taken into consideration of this research. As general thinking, the stock prices response to market news everyday. Therefore, many researches are conducted on investigation over a short horizon with event study on information announcement effects.
By contrast, this study attempts to examine the relationship between stock price volatility and firm attributes in a long run basis. In order to facility our primary aim, the stock price volatility is calculated using Parkinson (1980) method which reduces the mismatch between relevant time for the share prices and the fundamental ratios. Under this method, this study in ideal situation should employ quarterly data for analysis. However, there is a large difference between the internal financial statements of firms and the audited reports.
In addition, according to the regulation, only annual audited reports are required to submit. This study, therefore, use annual data from audited reports for more accurate firm attributes.2 Research objectives and research questions This study is conducted to analyze the behavior of stock price from a broad perspective. The main purpose of this paper is to determine the relationship between stock price volatility and firm attributes. We also look at the influence of industry effect on stock price volatility.
In addition, stock price behavior in each year and each industry is also discussed in this study in order to identify whether there is any Huynh Thi Bich Thao 2 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com Empirical investigation of stock price volatility in Vietnam stock market difference in stock price movement from one year to another year, from one industry to another industry. In other words, this research will provide answers to the following questions: 1. Which firm attributes affect firm stock price volatility in Vietnam stock market? 2. Do firms in different specific industries have different behaviors in stock price? 1.3 Methodology Our study engages in the analysis of a panel of 110 companies listed on Ho Chi Minh City Stock Exchange between 2007 and 2009.
Our empirical analysis is conducted as follows. - Correlations matrix between the dependent and independent variables. - Bivariate analysis involving regressing the dependent variable PV against each independent variable separately. - Multivariate analysis including ordinary least square regression, fixed effect regression and random effect regression.
We also take into accounts some robustness test to validate our results. Eviews software version 6 is used as a data analysis tool to implement this research.4 Contribution This study applies new method which implements econometric testing and econometric package to test for empirical results. Firstly, to the best of the author knowledge, this paper is the very first research carefully investigating the characteristics of stock price volatility in Vietnam stock market. Our main contribution to the financial literature is to provide an extensive empirical analysis on the stock price movements and firm attributes relation over an extended time Huynh Thi Bich Thao 3 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com Empirical investigation of stock price volatility in Vietnam stock market period.
The construction of stock price data, together with detailed attributes of listed firms in Ho Chi Minh City Stock Exchange, allows us to achieve this task. In addition, this study also takes into account industry effect by allowing industry dummies in order to consider whether stock price volatility favors a specific industry in Vietnam stock market. Secondly, this research provides a useful caution for the investors in terms of real relationship between stock price volatility and firms attributes. Last but not least, the limitation of data constraints in this study may offer signals for policy makers to more strictly regulate on accounting standards and publication rules.5 Structure of the thesis This thesis does not follow conventional method which divides into chapters.
We consider each chapter covers a separate matter so that we structure the thesis into parts which is a better representation. Our paper is divided into 6 main sections.