MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS HO CHI MINH CITY Lâm Minh Minh THE EFFECT OF OIL PRICE TO INFLATION IN VIETNAM MASTER’S THESIS In Financial and Banking Ology code: 60. Nguyễn Thu Hiền Ho Chi Minh City 2010 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com Page i ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This research would not have been possible without the support of many people. Firstly, I wish to express my deep sincere gratitude to my supervisor who is also my instructor, Dr. Nguyen Thu Hien (Vice Dean, School of Industrial Management, University of Technology) for her invaluable advice and helps. Without her, this thesis could not have been completed. Special thanks to my professors who are in university of economics HoChiMinh city and Dr. Cao Hao Thi in university of Technology HoChiMinh city without whose knowledge and assistance this study would have been successful. My thanks would also go to all of my classmates, my colleagues for all of their friendship and encouragement. Finally, I would like to express my deepest gratitude and honour to my dear parents for not only the love they devote to me but also for the time I took from them which should have been my devotion to them in their aged time. My greatest thanks would go to my family, their encouragement give a power to finish this research. TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com Page ii ABSTRACT This study analyses the oil price – inflation relationship by means of analysing the impact of oil prices on consumer price index - CPI in Vietnam using monthly data for the period of Jan 1995 – Nov 2010. This study reports on the research results by testing the model of relationship between three main factors as global oil price, domestic oil price and Vietnam’s CPI through using three main testings as stationarity test, cointegration test and causality test. That testings is collected based on the testing of many previous researches that post on website of science direct. The study may also provide some equation to quantify their relationship such as the impact of global oil price to domestic oil price, the effect of domestic oil price to CPI and the effect of global oil price to CPI with the purpose of forecasting work. Key word: oil price, inflation, CPI, the impact of oil price. TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com Page iii TABLE OF CONTENT ACKNOWLEDGEMENT . II TABLE OF CONTENT . III LIST OF FIGURE. VI CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION .3 - RATIONALE OF THE RESEARCH .5 - SCOPE AND METHODOLOGY OF THE RESEARCH .1 - Scope of Research .6 - STRUCTURE OF RESEARCH .4 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW .2 - TRANSMISSION CHANNELS OF OIL PRICES .1 - First-round effect .2 - Second-round effect .12 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com Page iv 3.2 - Draft of Research Model: .1 – HISTORY OF WORLD OIL PRICE .2 – INFLATION OF VIETNAM:.3 – Oil price of Vietnam: .1 Global oil price .2 Domestic oil price in Vietnam .3 Consumer price index .4 Exchange rate in Vietnam .3 - TESTING CORRELATION BETWEEN VARIABLES:.1 - Relationship between global oil price and domestic oil price .2 - Relationship between domestic oil price and CPI .3 - Relationship between global oil price and CPI of Vietnam.1 - Causality test for WO – DO .2 - Causality test for DO – CPI .3 - Causality test for WO - CPI .4 - Causality test for WOEX - CPI .7 - FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS: .51 CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS .53 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.2 - CONCLUSIONS OF THE RESEARCH.1 - Summary of hypotheses and results .3 - IMPLICATIONS OF THE RESEARCH .56 LIST OF REFERENCE .58 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com Page vi List of Figure Figure 1.1 – Outline of chapter 1 .2 – Structure of the Research .1 – Outline of chapter 2 .1 – Outline of chapter 3 .1 – Transmission Channels of Oil Price .2 – Original Research Model .5 – Crude Oil Prices 1869-2009 .6 – Crude Oil Prices 1947 – 2009.7 – CPI of term end and average 1992 – 2010 .8 – Gasoline R92 Retail’s Price in Vietnam .1 – Outline of chapter 4 .1 – Outline of chapter 5 .1 - Summary of hypotheses and results . 54 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com Page vii List of Table Table 4 – Descriptive Statistics . 2 – Testing the stationarity of variables . 3 – Testing variable of first difference. 4 – Testing variable of second difference .10 – Causality test for DO and WO .11 – Causality test for DO and CPI .12 – Causality test for WO and CPI .13 – Causality test for CPI and WOEX .1 – Summary of hypotheses and results. 53 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com Page viii List of ABBREVIATION - WO : Global oil price - DO : Domestic oil price - CPI : Consumer price index - WOEX : Global oil price transferred in VND - EX : Exchange rate VND/USD TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com Page 1 Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 - Introduction This chapter portray general introduction for the current research with which research problem, research objectives and research questions are provided as the rationale for this research. An introduction to the methodology to be used and the scope of the research is also addressed in this chapter. At the end of the chapter, structure of the research is provided. The Outline of this chapter is shown in figure 1.1 – Outline of chapter 1 1.5 Scope and Methodology 1.6 Structure of the Research 1.2 - Research Background At the beginning of the year 2007, domestic oil price had increasing continuously following the sharp hiking of the world oil price. Incessant fluctuations of global crude oil price also lead to change of overall domestic prices. During the same time, in dealing with the effects of finance crisis derived from American mortgage crisis in 2008, Vietnamese government’s monetary policy and its macro targets have been adjusted from time to time. Articles repeated in many newspapers and magazines conclude that increases in oil prices such as those seen in recent years passed through the country’s inflation. Whenever oil price increases, other prices also rise later. It raised living expense higher than before, while salary and wages have been kept stable still. As a result, the TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com Page 2 residential life gets tougher, although Vietnamese oil price is somehow still subsidized by the government. From 1995 up to now, domestic oil price is floating under government’s acceptance.3 - Rationale of the Research It is easy to recognize that rising oil prices tend to affect the overall consumer price index (CPI) directly and indirectly. - Directly, through raising its energy cost component, which includes the prices of energy-related items, such as motor fuels, gas, and electricity. Gasoline and fuel oil are derived directly from crude oil, so their prices follow oil prices very closely. An increase in the price of oil may also affect energy costs through the prices of other items that are close substitutes, thus leading to an increase from the prices of oil- related energy to natural gas price. The extent to which rising oil prices translate into higher overall inflation through higher energy costs depends on their persistence. If oil price continue to rise, it may lead to sustained increases in the overall price level, that is, to an increase in the overall inflation rate. - Indirectly, through effective the core portion of the CPI, because energy prices represent a considerable portion of the production cost for many of the items in it, such as transportation services. In addition, if workers have to pay higher energy prices themselves, they may bargain for compensating wage increases, which also increases the production costs of items in the core CPI. The extent to which rising oil prices translate into higher core inflation through higher production costs depends, among other things, on how much they break into the overall inflation expectations of those who set prices and wages. In fact, if rising oil prices lead to higher inflation expectations over the longer term, rising energy and wage costs are more likely to be passed through in terms of rising consumer prices. In this case, rising oil prices may lead to sustained increases in the core portion of the CPI, that is, to an increase in core inflation. TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com Page 3 However, the matter is how strong the relationship between changes in crude oil prices and in inflation is. In theory, the causal relationship is clear. A sharp jump in the price of crude oil causes an inflationary shock and the impact will be greatest when a country is a large-scale importer of oil and has many industries that use oil as an essential input in the production process. From articles on newspaper or magazine such as VN express, Saigon time and Tuoi Tre newspaper etc… it is generally concluded that oil price affects to inflation – CPI.4 - Research Objective This research, therefore, puts an effort onto checking the relationship between oil prices and inflation to answer the following question Q1. Do oil prices affect to inflation rate? Q2. How do oil prices affect to inflation rate? This research measures the relationship of oil price fluctuation and inflation rate, specifically consumer price index (CPI). As noted above, the objective of this research is to test the hypothesis that - Oil prices affect to CPI or not - Oil prices affect to CPI by measuring the relationship between global oil price, local oil price and CPI in long term. It provide specific picture about the issue to macroeconomist and policymaker in dealing with managing inflation during the current finance crisis.5 - Scope and Methodology of the Research 1.1 - Scope of Research This research is only using official data that announced on public information channels. With the inflation, a chief measure of price inflation is the inflation rate, the annually percentage change in a general price index. The research is concentrated on fluctuation of the inflation rate through the core inflation – consumer price index (CPI) of every month in Vietnam. While the oil price base on the crude oil price of TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com Page 4 international trade. The reason of this using is that Vietnam is an oil importer. Although Vietnam is an exporter of crude oil, the fuel and gasoline in consuming domestic trading is imported from Singapore and others. Therefore, oil price is controlled by the crude oil price of international trade. Beside main factors were measured that oil price affect to inflation, the research consider effect of relating components of CPI or other factors on oil prices such as interest rate policy and government’s monetary policy for controlling inflation.2 - Research Method Firstly, relevant papers were reviewed to study their model of research and find out the model for my research. After that, I collect demanding data and select the modelling for processing data. With quantitative analysis, I choose monthly data from 1995 to 2010, total n = 191 months. By using Multiple Linear Regression analysis (MLR) of SPSS software version 15 and Eview software version 6.0, the result will indicate specific relationship between oil price and CPI. Chapter 3 will discuss the methodology for this study in more details.6 - Structure of Research The structure of this research is shown in figure 1.2 – Structure of the Research Chapter 1 Introduction Chapter 2 Literature Review Chapter 3 Methodology and Overview Data Chapter 4 Data analysis and Findings Chapter 5 Conclusion and Implication TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com Page 5 Chapter 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 - Introduction The previous chapter introduces an overview of the research background, the rationale of the study, the research objective, and the research question.
Luận văn thạc sĩ về ảnh hưởng của giá dầu đến lạm phát tại Việt Nam - Nghiên cứu của Lâm Minh ...
Luận văn thạc sĩ nghiên cứu the effect of oil price to inflation in vietnam, đánh giá hiện trạng, phân tích vấn đề, đề xuất biện pháp hoàn thiện trong lĩnh vực .
Trường đại học
University of Economics Ho Chi Minh CityChuyên ngành
Financial and BankingNgười đăng
Ẩn danhThể loại
master’s thesisPhí lưu trữ
35 PointMục lục chi tiết
THÔNG TIN CHI TIẾT
Tác giả: Lâm Minh Minh
Người hướng dẫn: Dr. Nguyễn Thu Hiền, Vice Dean, School of Industrial Management, University of Technology
Trường học: University of Economics Ho Chi Minh City
Chuyên ngành: Financial and Banking
Đề tài: The Effect of Oil Price to Inflation in Vietnam
Loại tài liệu: master’s thesis
Năm xuất bản: 2010
Địa điểm: Ho Chi Minh City
Trích đoạn nội dung tài liệu
Nội dung được bảo vệ bản quyền — Tải xuống đầy đủ