BANKING ACADEMY FACULTY OF ACCOUNTING – AUDITNG GRADUATE THESIS APPLYING INTERNATIONAL ACCOUNTING STANDARD ON INVESTMENT PROPERTY (IAS 40) TO ENTERPRISES IN VIETNAM – TYPICAL RESEARCH AT ABC INTERNATIONAL TRADING COMPANY LIMITED Student: Nguyen Minh Phuong Class: K22CLCG Student ID: 22A4020010 Instructor: Associate Professor PhD Le Van Luyen Hanoi, April 2023 i ACKNOWLEDGEMENT In the implementation stage of this graduate thesis “Applying International Financial Accounting Standard on Investment Property (IAS 40) to Enterprises in Vietnam – Typical Research at ABC International Trading Company Limited”, I would like to express my deep and sincere gratitude to all the lecturers in the Accounting & Auditing Department of Banking Academy for giving me the opportunity to writing this thesis, especially Associate Professor PhD Le Van Luyen, who has provided me invaluable guidance throughout this thesis. His dynamism, vision, sincerity and motivation have deeply inspired me. He has taught me the methodology to carry out the research and to present the research works as clearly as possible. It was a great privilege and honor to work and study under his guidance.
Besides, the completion of this thesis could not have been accomplished without the support of the all the staffs in Financial Audit Department of RSM Vietnam Auditing & Consulting Company Limited – Ha Noi Branch, for helping me during the internship and supporting me with the financial data to complete this thesis. Although I have put as much effort as I could into this thesis, its restriction and shortcomings are still exist due to the time and information limit, together with the narrow knowledge. I look forward to the insights and contribution to implement this thesis. Sincerely thanks, Student Nguyen Minh Phuong ii COMMITMENT I hereby state that the results presented in this thesis are entirely original to me and were not plagiarized.
All of the results below are the products that I have made efforts to research during my study at Banking Academy and internship at RSM Vietnam Auditing & Consulting Company Limited – Ha Noi Branch with the support and guidance of Associate Professor PhD Le Van Luyen. The information offered throughout the entire thesis is either personal or has been assembled from a variety of sources. The data and tables for the analysis and guidance of this topic are collected from different sources and are noted in the references or footnotes right below the tables. Every reference has been properly sourced and cited.
I accept full responsibility for my statement and will submit to any necessary disciplinary action. (Hoang Vu Hai, Nguyen Tien Thao, Tran Ngoc Viet Anh, 2018) (Dao, 2021) (Hien, 2019) (Thuy, 2019) (Tue, 2019) (Ross Taplin, Wei Yuan, Alistair Brown, 2014) (Huyen Ngan, 2023) (Analysis And Forecast of The Real Estate Market 2023, 2022) (Viet Dung, 2023) (Ministry of Finance, Accounting And Auditing Strategy Project for The Period of 2021 - 2030, 2021) (Huong, 2010) (Vinh, 2021) (Benefits of Applying Fair Value in Accounting, 2019) (What Is The Difference Between Vietnamese And Foreign Accounting And Financial Management Software?, 2020) (Ministry of Finance, Decision No. 345/QD - BTC, 2020) iii LIST OF ACRONYMS ACCA The Association of Chartered Certified Accountants FDI Foreign Direct Investment GAAP Generally Accepted Accounting Principles GDP Gross Domestic Product IAS International Accounting Standards IASB the International Accounting Standards Board ICAEW Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales. IFRIC International Financial Reporting Interpretations Committee IFRS International Financial Reporting Standards VAS Vietnamese Accounting Standards iv LIST OF TABLE Table 1.1 Comparison between VAS 05 and IAS 40 Table 2.1 List of components of investment property Table 2.2 Depreciation Schedule of investment property Table 2.3 Fair value of investment property as at 01 January 2021 Table 2.4 Fair value of investment property as at 31 December 2021 LIST OF FIGURE Figure 2.1 Asset Structure Ratio of ABC International Trading Company Limited Figure 2.2 Liabilities and Equity Ratio of ABC International Trading Company Limited Figure 2.3 Presentation of investment property in the Statement of Financial Position as at 31 December 2021 Figure 2.4 Notes for investment property in the financial statement for the year ended 31 December 2021 of ABC International Trading Company Figure 2.5 Revenue from the lease of investment property Figure 2.6 The presentation of valuation gain from investment property in the financial statements v TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENT.
iii LIST OF ACRONYMS. iv LIST OF TABLE .v LIST OF FIGURE .1 CHAPTER 1: GENERAL THEORY OF ACCOUNTING FOR INVESTMENT PROPERTY IN ENTERPRISES UNDER VIETNAMESE ACCOUNTING STANDARDS AND INTERNATIONAL ACCOUNTING STANDARDS. Theoretical basis of investment property in enterprises. Definition of investment property.
Characteristics of investment property. Requirements and duties for investment property. Legal regulation of investment property. Accounting for investment property under VAS 05.
Accounting cycle for investment property in Vietnamese enterprises. Vietnamese accounting standard 05: Investment Property. International accounting standard 40: Investment property (IASB). Development process of IAS 40.
Definition of investment property. Subsequent expenditure to initial measurement. Transferring purposes classification. Comparison between VAS 05 and IAS 40.
International experience in applying IAS 40. International experience in applying IFRS. International experience in applying IAS 40 .25 CHAPTER 2: THE CURRENT SITUATION OF ACCOUNTING FOR INVESTMENT PROPERTY IN VIETNAMESE ENTERPRISES – A CASE STUDY AT ABC INTERNATIONAL TRADING COMPANY LIMITED. Overview of property investment activities of Vietnamese enterprises.
Reality of accounting for investment property in ABC international Trading Company Limited. Overview of the company. Accounting for investment property in ABC International Trading Company Limited. Comments on accounting for investment property at the Company.
Suitability for IFRS. Inappropriateness to IFRS .43 CHAPTER 3: SOLUTION TO APPLY IAS 40 AND IFRS FOR ABC INTERNATIONAL TRADING COMPANY LIMITED AND FOR OTHER VIETNAMESE ENTERPRISES. Vietnam’s orientation in applying IFRS. History of Vietnamese Accounting Standards.
IFRS application roadmap in Vietnam. Advantages and disadvantages when applying IAS 40 in Vietnamese enterprises. Solutions to apply IAS 40 and IFRS in Vietnamese enterprises. Petition to authorities.
Rationale The Decision No. 345/QD - BTC on authorizing the application scheme of IFRS in Vietnam was released by the Ministry of Finance on March 16, 2020. Three steps were outlined in the Decision as the roadmap: Phases 1 through 3 are as follows: presentation (from 2019 to 2021); voluntary application (from 2022 to 2025); and mandatory application (after 2025). This is a step toward the Party and State's economic unification and globalization, which was addressed at the 13th Party Congress.
The quality of financial statements will increase with the adoption of IFRS in Vietnam. Applying IFRS will also open up new opportunities for Vietnam to attract foreign direct investment and offer Vietnamese businesses access to the global capital market. Following the project on the application of international accounting standards at enterprises of the Ministry of Finance, ABC International Trading Company Limited used International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) for preparing financial statements beginning with the accounting year ended at 31 December 2021, including the application of International Accounting Standards 40 – “Investment Property” for this item in the financial reports. However, besides the positive aspects that the employment of IFRS brings to the Company, there are still some shortcomings exist due to the differences in political institutions, socio-economic conditions that many of the issues that are covered by IFRS are not yet fully governed by Vietnam's present accounting laws.
The author decided to do the graduation thesis on this issue in light of the aforementioned deficiencies. Literature review Studies comparing IAS 40 and VAS 05 are currently being conducted. There is, however, no research work that examines the study and implementation of these standards in Vietnamese businesses. The study will provide an overview of the two standards listed above as well as information on how they are applied in ABC International Trading Company Limited.
From there, offer observations and 1 recommendations for companies and state management organizations to improve the application. Objectives This thesis will focus on compare and figure out the differences between Vietnamese Accounting Standard 05 (VAS 05) and the International Accounting Standard 40 (IAS 40). In addition, the author will analyse the practical experience of ABC International Trading Company Limited in applying IFRS for preparing the financial reports and highlight the Company’s suitable and inappropriate conduct, as well as those of Vietnamese businesses in general in the application. Thereby, some solutions for the enterprises in Vietnam will be suggested for more efficient execution.
Besides, to maintain transparency and strengthen the management function of the State, petitions will also be given to ministries, departments, and other state management agencies participating in the execution of the application. Object and range of study Object of the study: General theory of accounting for investment property under Vietnamese Accounting Standard 05 and International Accounting Standard 40 Range of the study: The research was conducted at ABC International Trading Company Limited for the financial year ended 31 December 2021. Research question To reach the objectives of the thesis “Applying International Accounting Standard on Investment Property (IAS 40) to enterprises in Vietnam – Typical research at ABC International Trading Company Limited”, there are 4 questions set out to be answered: - The differences between Vietnamese and International Accounting Standard on investment property. - The practical experience of ABC International Trading Company Limited in applying IAS 40 to account for investment property and prepare the financial statements.
- Comments and recommendations for better implementation and improve the result of the application of IFRS, especially IAS 40 in Vietnam 6. Research method 2 Research methods: analyzing, processing data, comparing and synthesizing, combining theory and practice,. Data sources: The thesis uses secondary data sources, references from research works, textbooks and documents related to IAS 40 and VAS 05; legal documents or regulations of the State; data from enterprises. Structure of the thesis Besides the Foreword, Conclusion, Table of Content and Apendix, this thesis will consist of 3 main chapters: Chapter 1: General theory of accounting for investment property in enterprises under Vietnamese Accounting Standards and International Accounting Standards.
Chapter 2: The current situation of accounting for investment property in Vietnamese enterprises – A case study at ABC International Trading Company Limited. Chapter 3: Solution to apply IAS 40 and IFRS for ABC International Trading Company Limited and for other Vietnamese enterprises. 3 CHAPTER 1: GENERAL THEORY OF ACCOUNTING FOR INVESTMENT PROPERTY IN ENTERPRISES UNDER VIETNAMESE ACCOUNTING STANDARDS AND INTERNATIONAL ACCOUNTING STANDARDS 1. Theoretical basis of investment property in enterprises 1.
Definition of investment property (Vietna mese Accounting Sta ndar d 05 - I nvestme nt Pr operty, 2005) According to the Circular 200/2014/TT-BTC on guidelines for accounting policies for enterprises issued on 22 December 2014 by the Ministry of Finance and the Vietnamese Accounting Standard 05 issued and announced under Decision No. 234/2003/QD-BTC dated 31 December 2003 and took effect from 15 February 2004, investment property includes: land use right, house use right, a part of house or whole of house, infrastructure held by owners or lessees under financial lease contracts for profiting purpose or held for capital appreciation that not be: Used for production, providing goods and services; Used for administrative purpose; Sold in the normal operating period. Characteristics of investment property (Ministry of Fina nce, Circ ular 200/2014/T T-BT C, 201 4) VAS 05 has given some examples of assets that could be recognized as investment property. It includes a variety of aspects as: Land use right (repurchased by enterprises) held for a long period capital appreciation; Land use right (repurchased by enterprises) held without clearly defined future use purposes; Houses owned by enterprises (or financially leased by the enterprises) for lease under one or more operating contracts; Houses held for lease under one or more operating contracts; Infrastructure held for lease under one or more operating contracts.