BANKING ACADEMY OF VIETNAM FACULTY OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES ------🙣🕮🙡------ GRADUATION THESIS TOPIC: FDI BENEFITS AND CHALLENGES OF LISTING ON THE VIETNAM STOCK EXCHANGES: A CASE STUDY OF JAPANESE COMPANY Student : Pham Hien Dieu Class : K21ATCB Academic year : 2018 – 2022 Student ID : 21A7510020 Supervisor : Mrs. Le Thi Minh Que (M.) Hanoi, May 2022 17014126234081000000 Phạm Hiền Diệu Banking Academy 21A7510020 Faculty of Foreign Languages DECLARATION I – the author of this thesis, declare that this study is entirely my own work, which was done with my own effort and support of my supervisor. The data and other documents used to conduct this research is collected validly from my internship institution. Every data including previous research findings, tables, figures and others mentioned in this study is explicitly cited in the references.
I will completely take responsibility if there is any violation of the Banking Academy research ethics guideline. Hanoi, 23 May 2022 Signature Pham Hien Dieu ii Phạm Hiền Diệu Banking Academy 21A7510020 Faculty of Foreign Languages ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First of all, I would like to express my deep gratitude to my supervisor Mrs. Le Thi Minh Que (M.) who has supported me a lot with enthusiasm to finish this research study. She dedicated her time, shared her valuable knowledge, and gave me timely instructions that are all extremely useful to me.
Thanks to Mrs. Minh Que, I can learn many new things that not only help me to have a correct direction to do the research, but also to apply my practical knowledge skills in the workplace. From the bottom of my heart, I would like to send my thank you and my respect to her. Without her, my work cannot be completed.
Secondly, I am very grateful to my internship institution – Wall Street Securities Joint Stock Company for willingly allowing me to collect data that serve my study. Especially, I would like to send my thank you to Mr. Truong Quang Dat – Head of the Investment Banking Department, and Mr. Dang Quoc Thang – Consultant of Investment Banking Department, who supported me a lot during my internship.
They also shared their experiences and gave me valuable advice that is an important contribution to my thesis. Besides, I am also thankful to the lecturers of the Faculty of Foreign Languages and Banking Academy for teaching me during my four years at university. All of them provided me with crucial knowledge and inspired me a lot to achieve my goals. Save the best to last, my thankfulness is surely for my family and friends for their support at any moment of my life.
Their caring and encouragement are the motivation for me to overcome difficulties and accomplish this thesis. iii Phạm Hiền Diệu Banking Academy 21A7510020 Faculty of Foreign Languages ABSTRACT In Vietnam, the stock market has been asserting its importance channel for firms to raise funds; however, according to the State Securities Commission, listed FDI enterprises on the Vietnam stock exchange currently are minimal in terms of number, size and market capitalization. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explore the benefits and challenges that FDI enterprises are encountering in the listing process on Vietnamese stock exchanges. To achieve this goal, the case study method, together with the data collected from reliable sources was applied in this paper.
The research participant is an FDI Japanese company operating in Vietnam and doing a public listing process. The results show that there are several benefits for the current Japanese Company as well as other FDI enterprises to be listed on Vietnamese stock exchanges, which are Government’s incentives, easy information access, professional services of consulting firms, and diverse forms of investment. Besides, the paper also analyses considerable problems that these FDI enterprises have faced during the listing process, mainly incomplete legal corridor, financial reporting concerns, corporate governance issues, exchange currency fluctuations, and language barriers. Thus, it is suggested that FDI enterprises, securities companies and legislators should take actions to deals with these problems.
Keywords: FDI enterprises, Vietnam stock exchanges, benefits, challenges, solutions iv Phạm Hiền Diệu Banking Academy 21A7510020 Faculty of Foreign Languages TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS .v LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS. viii LIST OF TABLES. ix LIST OF FIGURES.
Significance of the Study. Definitions of Key Terms. Listing of Securities. Overview of FDI Enterprises on the World Stock Exchanges .12 v Phạm Hiền Diệu Banking Academy 21A7510020 Faculty of Foreign Languages CHAPTER 4.
FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION. Current Background of FDI Enterprises on the Vietnam Stock Exchanges. Overview of FDI Enterprises on Vietnam's Stock Exchanges. Top Listed Companies.
Procedure for FDI Enterprises to be Listed on Vietnam's Stock Exchanges. Case Study of a Japanese Company. Establishment and Development Process. The Main Business Activities.
The Actual Listing Process. Benefits of FDI Enterprises to be listed on Vietnam's Stock Exchanges 29 4. Easy Access to Information. Professional Services of Consulting Firms.
Diverse Forms of Investment. Common Challenges for FDI Enterprises to be Listed on the Vietnam Stock Exchanges. Incomplete Legal Corridor. Financial Reporting Issues.
Corporate Governance Issues. Exchange Rate Fluctuations. Suggested Solutions for Challenges of FDI Companies to be Listed on Vietnamese Stock Exchanges. For FDI Enterprises.
For Securities Companies .46 vi Phạm Hiền Diệu Banking Academy 21A7510020 Faculty of Foreign Languages CHAPTER 5. Summary of Findings. Implications of the Research. Limitations and Recommendations for Future Research .59 Appendix A: Developed and Emerging Stock Market Performance 2018.59 Appendix B: Factors affecting foreign direct investment .59 Appendix C: List of Securities Companies operating in Vietnam .60 vii Phạm Hiền Diệu Banking Academy 21A7510020 Faculty of Foreign Languages LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS Abbreviations Explanation FDI Foreign Direct Investment SSC State Securities Commission JSC Joint Stock Company VSD Vietnam Securities Depository HNX Ha Noi Stock Exchange HSX Ho Chi Minh Stock Exchange UPCOM Unlisted Public Company Market WSS Wall Street Securities Joint Stock Company SBV State Bank of Vietnam CIT Corporate Income Tax viii Phạm Hiền Diệu Banking Academy 21A7510020 Faculty of Foreign Languages LIST OF TABLES Tables Page Table 1: Capitalization of FDI Companies on Vietnam’s stock 19 exchanges Table 2: Profits after tax of listed FDI companies on Vietnam’s 21 stock exchange from 2016 t0 2021 Table 3: Listing criteria on Vietnam’s stock exchanges 24 Table 4: Corporate income tax of the Japanese company from 31 2019 to 2021 Table 5: Shareholder structure of the Japanese company in 2021 34 ix Phạm Hiền Diệu Banking Academy 21A7510020 Faculty of Foreign Languages LIST OF FIGURES Figures Page Figure 1: Structure of Financial Market 7 Figure 2: Global network of the Japanese company 14 Figure 3: Organizational structure of the Japanese company 15 Figure 4: FDI inflow into Vietnam in the period of 2016-2021 16 Figure 5: Foreign direct investment capital by the form of 17 investment in the period 2005-2020 Figure 6: Listed companies on Vietnam's stock exchange 17 Figure 7: Capitalization of listed companies on Vietnam's stock 24 exchange Figure 8: Participants in Vietnam's stock market 27 Figure 9: Listing process on Vietnam’s stock exchange 28 Figure 10: Exchange rate between VND and USD in the period 42 2011 - 2021 x Phạm Hiền Diệu Banking Academy 21A7510020 Faculty of Foreign Languages CHAPTER 1.
INTRODUCTION This chapter presents the research background, significance, and purposes of the current study. It also mentions the research questions, schedule, and thesis structure. Research Background Foreign direct investment (FDI) is a critical component of an open and effective international economic system, as well as a major driver of growth, particularly in developing nations. Attracting foreign direct investment (FDI) is one of the top priorities to many governments.
Many studies have been done to prove this. Mamingi and Martin (2018) point out the positive impact of FDI on the developing countries of the Organization of Eastern Caribbean States. Besides, Sarumi Adewumi indicated that contribution of FDI to growth is estimated to be positive in most of the developing countries in Africa. Positive impacts for the ASEAN + 3 region of FDI have been shown in the study of Tran Dinh Ly và Le Hoang Anh (2017).
According to the statistics of OECD (2022), the global FDI inflow upsurge 88% in 2021, reaching USD 1 815 billion, surpassing their pre-pandemic levels by 37%. In addition, many studies conducted to examine the role of stock market on FDI inflow to a country. It is said that: “The movements on the stock market are the most important determinant of FDI and portfolio transactions” (De Santis and Ehling, 2007, as cited in Rajapakse. Also, the findings of Otchere et al.
(2015) about the relationship between FDI, financial market and economic growth showed that A well-functioning stock market may support in the effective channeling of foreign capital into productive sectors, so creating greater value for investors and making countries more attractive to FDI. Empirically, in many countries around the world, FDI enterprises are not only doing simple investments but also having active activities on the stock market in developed countries. On the other hand, in developing countries like Vietnam, FDI enterprises do not leave many impressions on the stock market. According to the statistics of the State Securities Commission, FDI 1 Phạm Hiền Diệu Banking Academy 21A7510020 Faculty of Foreign Languages enterprises listing or registering for trading on the Vietnamese stock market currently accounts for a very small contribution.
Consequently, it is obvious that there is a big gap between Vietnam's stock market and other stock market for FDI enterprises. It seems that conditions to attract FDI enterprises to access the stock market of Vietnam is not really effective with the very modest amount of listed companies at this moment. If this situation persists, it may cause FDI enterprises to find ways to shift operations to markets that facilitate their listing in order to have more opportunities to raise capital through the stock market. This means that there is a risk of foreign investment capital seeking to "flow" out of Vietnam.
Therefore, this study, by collecting and analyzing data sources and studying a specific example – a FDI Japanese company, will clearly show the benefits and difficulties that FDI enterprises are facing when doing listing process on the Vietnamese stock exchanges. Thereby, it also gives FDI enterprises solutions to overcome these problems so that they can achieve their goal of becoming a listed organization on the stock exchange. Significance of the Study This research is carried out to indicate the benefits and challenges of FDI enterprises when they are in the listing process by providing empirical case study. Then, any FDI companies, Securities Companies and Legislators could use this thesis as a reference when they are in the same circumstances.
Moreover, the solutions are given in this study might be useful and suitable for the reality of some FDI companies. It can be time-saving for securities companies when they provide investment banking services. Furthermore, it would support the changes of Government policy in the future and encourage more FDI enterprises to become public listing ones. 2 Phạm Hiền Diệu Banking Academy 21A7510020 Faculty of Foreign Languages 1.
Research Purposes The main purposes of this research is to provide the background of FDI enterprises on the stock exchanges in the world and in Vietnam. It also aims to shed light on identifying the benefits and challenges for these FDI enterprises during the listing process through analyzing a case study of a Japanese company. More importantly, it is to provide practical solutions to help FDI enterprises to be able to participate on the Vietnam's stock exchanges. Research Questions To achieve the purposes mentioned above, this paper seeks to address the following research questions: Question 1: What are FDI enterprises and Stock Exchange? Question 2: What is the current background of FDI enterprises on stock market in the world and in Vietnam?