USE OF ENGLISH MASTERCLASS: BASIC ENGLISH GRAMMAR FOR ADVANCED LEARNERS (PHRASAL VERBS & COLLOCATIONS) B ASIC E NGLISH G RAMMAR FOR U SE OF E NGLISH S ERIES. MARC ROCHE Copyright 2019 © by Marc Roche. All Rights Reserved. No part of the Use of English Masterclass: Basic English Grammar for Advanced Learners may be reproduced, distributed, or transmitted in any form or by any means, including photocopying, recording, or other electronic or mechanical methods, or by any information storage and retrieval system without the prior written permission of the publisher, except in the case of very brief quotations embodied in critical reviews and certain other noncommercial uses permitted by copyright law.
This English grammar book was published thanks to invaluable contributions from people far smarter and more successful than myself. Topics covered in this book: Basic English grammar, Use of English, English grammar rules, English grammar exercises, English phrases, Phrasal Verbs, Collocations Exclusive Email Club: Sign up to the exclusive Roche Publishing English books and resources email list for another free e-book and tons of other resources and goodies here! TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction to Use of English Masterclass Chapter 1. Introduction to use of English: Phrasal Verbs Chapter 2. Basic English Grammar: Types of Phrasal Verb Chapter 3.
Use of English: Types of Phrasal Verbs (Part 2) Chapter 4. Phrasal Verbs for Socialising SEX, DATING & RELATIONSHIPS Collocations Chapter 5. Phrasal Verbs with ‘Take’ Chapter 6. Phrasal Verbs with ‘Put’ Chapter 7.
Phrasal Verbs with ‘Get’ Chapter 8. Phrasal Verbs with ‘Come’ Chapter 9. Use of English: Formal VS Informal Language Chapter 10. 80 Basic English Grammar Rules Chapter 11.
80 Basic English Grammar Exercises for Use of English Chapter 12. Answers to 80 Basic English Grammar Exercises for Use of English Chapter 13. Linking Words Chapter 14. Free Websites for English Practice Advanced Level Speaking Phrases (Advanced & Proficiency) Final 15.
How to Learn Thousands of Words in English in Only 6 Months About The Author Free Book and TONS of FREE Resources & Goodies! OTHER BOOKS BY MARC ROCHE INTRODUCTION TO USE OF ENGLISH MASTERCLASS English grammar is incredibly important if you want to communicate fluently in English. Improving your grammar and vocabulary for Use of English, will not only help you achieve the results you want, but it will also improve your confidence and social skills in English. Use of English Masterclass: Basic English Grammar for Advanced Learners (Phrasal Verbs & Collocations), is a relatively short book packed full of grammar and vocabulary exercises and explanations to help you perfect your use of English. This grammar book focuses on phrasal verbs and collocations, and is ideal for anyone who has problems understanding, remembering and using English vocabulary and grammar.
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INTRODUCTION TO USE OF ENGLISH: PHRASAL VERBS What is a phrasal verb? A phrasal verb is a group of two or more words, which performs the same function as other verbs. It is formed by a main verb and an adverb, a preposition or both. It’s like a deliciously confusing word sandwich. [Main Verb] + adverb/preposition/adverb and preposition = phrasal verb Phrasal verbs are unique to English and other Germanic languages and can cause issues for English learners.
They can be transitive (they take a direct object), intransitive (they do not take a direct object), separable (they can be separated) and inseparable (they cannot be separated). We will cover the differences between these, complete with descriptions and exercises, later on. Although the meanings differ, phrasal verbs are conjugated just like main verbs. For example: The car breaks down.
The car broke down. Here are some common phrasal verbs to get you started: Phrasal Verb bring up Example He brought up the fact that I was too short to go on the rollercoaster. Meaning: to mention a topic Phrasal Verb call off Example She called off the wedding. Meaning: to cancel Phrasal Verb carry on Example The bag was heavy and my feet hurt, but I carried on with the walk.
Meaning: to continue Phrasal Verb deal with Example I can’t deal with stress. Meaning: to handle Phrasal Verb end up Example They ended up in Sheffield. Meaning: to reach a state or place Phrasal Verb fall through Example Our plans to meet for coffee fell through. Meaning: to not happen Phrasal Verb get on with (something) Example She was busy, so I got on with my essay.
Meaning: to continue to do Phrasal Verb hand in Example I handed in my thesis. Meaning: to submit Phrasal Verb join in Example She joined in the conversation at the party. Meaning: to participate Phrasal Verb keep up with Example My boss talks too fast and I can’t keep up. Meaning: to stay at the same pace or level.
Phrasal Verb let down Example She was supposed to collect me at 6:00 but she didn’t. She really let me down. Meaning: to disappoint Phrasal Verb look forward to Example Are you looking forward to your holiday? Meaning: to be excited about something, to anticipate something good. Phrasal Verb mix up Example I can’t tell the twins apart; I always mix up their names.
Meaning: to mistake one thing for another Phrasal Verb pass away Example My grandfather passed away last night. Meaning: to die Phrasal Verb put off Example I kept putting it off, even though I knew I had to do it Meaning: to postpone Phrasal Verb rule out Example We know it wasn’t John who ate Sarah’s pasta, so we can rule him out Meaning: to eliminate Phrasal Verb stick up for (someone) Example Catherine was always getting bullied, so Alex stuck up for her. Meaning: to defend Important Note: Don´t get confused with the adjective “stuck up” in English. “Stuck up” has no connection to the phrasal verb “stick up for”.
As an adjective, “stuck up” means arrogant, distant or feeling superior. For example: Mary is quite stuck up, she kept criticizing our neighborhood all the time even though she used to live here! Phrasal Verb think over Example Janine told Roger that she would have to think over his proposal. Meaning: to consider Phrasal Verb work out Example 1. It’s important for your fitness that you work out three times a week.
The Maths problem was difficult but I eventually worked it out. to do physical exercise 2. to solve a problem Do phrasal verbs make any sense? If you analyse them logically, no. but let´s try to find some logic….
The meanings of phrasal verbs aren’t immediately obvious, for example: Tom broke up with Jenny. Tom separated from Jenny. We know that Tom didn’t break Jenny into small pieces, he stopped being her boyfriend. This is an example of a phrasal verb not being directly linked to the meaning of its main verb.
However, sometimes with phrasal verbs we can work backwards to understand the logic of them. Breaking something does not have to be completely physical, it can also be figurative. The idea is that you are breaking a bond between someone. Because of this meaning, we can also use to break up to mean: - Separate people from fighting: I had to break up a fight.
- A poor connection: I tried to call her but the line kept breaking up. At first glance, you may not see a link between to break and to break up, but when you work backwards and think figuratively, the meaning becomes clearer. Here is why phrasal verbs are important: Native English speakers don't use phrasal verbs as much when speaking or writing in formal settings, but in every day conversation we use phrasal verbs ALL the time without even realizing. I think that this, together with all the different native accents, is why students often visit English- speaking countries after many years of studying, and they feel like they still don't understand what people are saying.
Too many students try to “put off” learning phrasal verbs for as long as possible, but this is a BIG mistake, so be smart and start now! As the old saying goes “the best time to start learning phrasal verbs was yesterday, the next best time is now”. How can I learn vocabulary and phrasal verbs? The first thing you need to understand is you should never try to memorize long lists, out of context. To learn a word well, you need to see it, understand it, learn how it works in sentences and then use it. Focus on one phrasal verb per day.
Learn it in the morning, then throughout the day think of various sentences where you could use that verb. If you do this, you could DOMINATE 365 phrasal verbs by the end of this year. Think about it. The more English media you consume, the more phrasal verbs you will learn, but as with any item of vocabulary, you will have to learn them individually.
Study, study, study. Search for new phrasal verbs, and study them every day until you know them. Make notes of the phrasal verbs using sentences in a clean notebook. Never just write it down, it´s a waste of time.
Write the phrasal verb down and them write a sentence using that phrasal verb. Then, the next day, write ANOTHER sentence using the same phrasal verb and so on. Try to participate in real English conversations as often as possible so that you can get experience and gain confidence using phrasal verbs. If you are shy, don´t let that “get you down”, remember that socializing in your own language is often hard when you meet new people, so speaking another language is even harder.
Be patient with yourself and don´t give up. If you need help, contact me. As with any item of vocabulary, you will have to learn them individually. The more English media that you consume, the more phrasal verbs you will learn.
TASK 1 Try to match the phrasal verbs below with their synonyms: Phrasal Verb Example a. throw away John threw away his apple core. look into Sarah looked into the murder case. get away with The robber got away with the crime.
use up Use up the washing-up liquid before you buy another bottle! e. run out of My phone ran out of battery. escape blame Check your answers at the bottom of the next page. When can I use Phrasal Verbs? Phrasal verbs are used in non-formal situations.
You will hear them used in speech on a daily basis, in emails between friends, and in some magazines. They are becoming more and more prevalent, but there are certain situations where you should avoid using them: - Formal letters or emails. - Academic papers or presentations. TASK 2: In the following email, underline all the phrasal verbs that you can find and write their meanings below.
You may need to use a dictionary. Hi Maria, I’m sorry that I was late to work today. My car broke down yesterday, so I took the bus instead. However, the bus was held up in traffic! It seems that everyone was going to work at the same time! Don’t worry about the project, I’ll be able to catch up with the rest of my colleagues.
I’ll drop by the office on the weekend and see if there is anything extra that I can do.