UPPSALA UNIVERSITY & VERSITY OF ECONOMICS & BUSINESS,VNU @> VNU-UEB UPPSALA Read to Succes UNIVERSITET a INNOVATION IN CUSTOMS PROCEDURES FROM PRE-CHECK TO POST-CHECK: EVALUATION OF INSPECTION AFTER CUSTOMS CLEARANCE AT THE QUANG NINH PROVINCE’S CUSTOMS DEPARTMENT IN CURRENT PERIOD. Authors: Nguyen Thanh Binh Nguyen Huy Dong Supervisor: Prof. Lars-Torsten Eriksson PhD Local Supervisor: Dr. Nguyen Quoc Viet PhD Class: MPPM INTAKE 6 - Group 8 Hanoi, May - 2013 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Be‘ore presenting our thesis, on behalf of our team, I would like to thank the authors of the Swedish teachers as well as Vietnam teachers who has been teaching, training and guidance during our course.
Nguyen Quo: Viet - supervisor in Vietnam national university in Hanoi and Prof. Lars- Torsten Eriksson PhD - Uppsala University guided us to complete this thesis. We would also like to thank the department of Quang Ninh customs and facilitate enterprises to help us complete this survey research. ABSTRACT Titl:: Innovation In Customs Procedures From Pre-check To Post-Check: Evauation Of Inspection After Customs Clearance At The Quang Ninh Provnce’s Customs Department In Current Period.
Lev:l: Public Management Master Thesis of public management Autior: Nguyen Thanh Binh Nguyen Huy Dong Suprrvisor: Swedish supervisor: Prof. Lars- Torsten Eriksson PhD Local supervisor: Dr. Nguyen Quoc Viet , PhD Datewhen the thesis is presented: May 18” 2013 Puryose of Research: To aialyze the impact of the inspection after customs clearance in Quang Ninh Custtrms Department on professional phases: + Customs procedures at Customs Offices at the border-gate + Propose to amend and supplement policies and mechanism * Customs control ~ Information collection and processing ~ Inspection, examination ~ Advise and give recommendations for the management, administration. To sudy and analyze the assessment conducted by enterprise on the impact of the irspection after customs clearance at the Quang Ninh Customs Department to ther operations of import and export: ~ Procedures for customs clearance - Business efficiency of enterprise ~ Having fair in business operation +Compliance with the laws Methodology: Tht papers use SWOT analysis method (analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opporunities, threats) to assess the effectiveness of changes in public govertance, in specific: the effect of changes in operating procedures of customs clearance from pre-test to post-test.
Do the actual survey, questionnaire interview for the enterprises having export-import activities through Quang Ninh Province and the customs officials in the province. Main findings and conclusions: The inspection after customs clearance is a difficult business an was put into implement in the field of customs recently. Research for improving and strengthening the efficiency of this activity is indispensable for the reform, modernization and development of the customs sector. Research activity of Quang Ninh Department Customs and the inspection after cusioms clearance processes to find the optimal solutions for enhancing the quality of implement the inspection after customs clearance activity the customs industry in general and in Quang Ninh Customs Department in particular.
The effectiveness of the activities will make a change to the manner of operation and managerent in the customs indutry which moves from traditional management methods to modern management methods applied risk management techniques. The activity contributed to the successful implementation of reforms and modernization in the industry. With this meaning, Masters Thesis “Innovation in customs procedures from pre-check to post-check: Evaluation of inspection after cuvoms clearance at the Quang Ninh Customs Department in current period” tas achieved some results: Th: thesis clarified the concept and characteristics of the inspection after customs :learance, then determined the role and the position of the activity in customs ndustry, and pointed out the need for its development in the current pericd. Besides, the thesis examined some experiences of the other provincial custans offices which have characteristics similar to Quang Ninh Customs Depztnent to be basis for improvement the quality of post-clearance inspection activties operation in Quang Ninh Customs Department.
The paper reviewed the real situation of the inspection after customs cleannze operation in Quang Ninh Customs Department from 2007 to current pericd, compared the results with current requirements to find out shortcomings and imitations. From result research, we give recommendations to increase efficency of ICC Limiations of Thesis: - Bcause of limitation time, the group chose small scale which is not high reresentative. Suggestions for future research: - Inthe furture, research directions focus on detail proceeds of Inspection after Cistoms Clearance operation. Besides, other researches can apply this reearch model for other provinces.
Contibution of the thesis : - Determining the general theory of the inspection after customs clearance. - Assessing effect of the inspection after customs clearance at Quang Ninh Provice. Analyzing advantages and disadvantages of inspection after customs clearace. - Proposing policy recommendations in order to improve the performance ofthdnspection after customs clearance.
Keywords: Ispection after customs clearance (ICC), Export-Import (Ex-Im), Pre Checing, Post Checking, Internal Factor, External. TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKIOWLEDGEMENT ABSTRACT TABIE OF CONTENTS LIST2F TABLES LIST2F ABBREVIATIONS 1, Inroduction. Rview on previous researches 3. Prposes of research:.
Sbjects and scope of the research: 6.\pplication of SWOT analysis to assess the effect of changes in public governance: In casef change in customs process from pre-check to post-check in Quang Ninh Customs Deprtment. 'esults of questionnaires survey for the enterprises having export-import activities throgh Quang Ninh Province 7. Caclusion REFERENCES LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Listing of Internal factors in descending order of perceived Importance. 12 Table 2: List of Internal factors in descending order on perceived Performance.
13 Table 3 List of internal factors sorted in descending order on perceived perform:nce gaps. 14 Table 4 List of external factors sorted in descending order of perceived Importarce .l§ Table 5 List of external factors sorted in descending order of perceived Performince 215 Table 6 List of Internal factors sorted in descending order of perceived POGPOt AGS Gaps sasssasssssssusssasssssssssnssossessssssssosssssssessessntssshossieesiewsissssasssasasseossersecave 16 Table 7:Proposed SWOT matrix for enterprises Table 8:List of internal factors which are arranged in descending by importance 19 Table ¢ List of internal factors is arranged in descending by the 1PDDIELREIEALÏOHi.¿ co: cv t00656212000202002342457443645814414868243424814860143838148433905415253855835561 20 Table 110 List of internal factors which are arranged in descending by the gap.21 Table 111 List of external factors are arranged in descending by important level .22 Table 12 List of external factors is arranged in descending by implementation.22 Table 13 List of external factors is arranged in descending by gap. 23 Table 14 Proposed SWOT matrix for customs Officials .------ 24 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ASEAN : Association of Southeast Asian Nations ccC : Customs Cooperation Council ICC : Inspection after Customs Clearance PCI : Provincial Competitiveness Index SOFT : Satisfactory; Opportunity , Fault, Threat SWOT : Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats analysis 'WCO : World Customs Organization : World Trade Organization 1. Introduction With the development of society-economy and the fact that Vietnam has become a member of the World Trade Organization (WTO), export and import trade activities, investment and tourism have increased rapidly.
This raises problems for the Customs service that it is now critical to accelerate the customs clearance for goods, to strictly manage import and export activities and to ensure revenue for the state budget. In this context, the customs professional activities are evolving from the traditional customs management methods, based on goods inspection for clearance into the advanced management method based on risk management technique. It means that, on the basis of information collection, analysis and processing for clearance and use of professional measures (risk management, post-clearance, audit, control, information collection), it has become inevitable requirement. One of the most effective models of professional measures is the inspection after customs clearance.
Under current regulations, the examination before the customs clearance means the customs offices check customs dossiers, relevant documents and physical inspection of goods at customs procedures. Before the implementation of the Law on Customs (when post-clearance inspection is not applicable), most goods are subject to inspection before customs clearance. Pos-clearance inspection is performed after the export and import goods which have been cleared in the following cases: - To check the signs of violation of customs laws or to determine ability to violate customs ‘aw based on the information analysis of the customs offices. - To check as scheduled in order to assess level of compliance with the customs laws of the customs declarer.
Regarding the scope of post clearance inspection, in addition to checking documents and vouchers relating to goods stored at customs, customs offices also have right to check accounting vouchers, accounting books, financial statements and other documents relating to the clearance of goods stored at enterprise. Therefore, the pre-clearance inspection (when Customs Law was not enacted) was implemented by customs offices for most goods lots during customs procedures; regarding post-clearance inspection, the Customs offices only exam the cases in which there are signs of violation of customs law or likely violation of the customs laws or customs inspection as planned to assess the level of compliance of the customs declarer; regarding the scope, the customs offices may check not only at customs site but also at the enterprise. At the moment, when not apply ICC in customs procedures, records and all goods must be inspected before customs clearance. So, for the customs authorities, they must use a lot of manpower for checking.
Large workload, while the people and the equipment for the test is limited, so the inspection result is not high, beside it is waste time and effort. On the other hand, the efficiency inspection is low and the potential risks are high while ICC civil servants do their duty. All shipments must be checked, it makes prolong clearance time, incurring costs, procedure time, and missed business opportunities. When applying risk management through the implementation of ICC professional, the management of customs has been moved from the traditional management methods (inspect before) to modern management methods (inspect after) in customs operations.
Customs officers enhance the sense of responsibility, professionalism and ethics: all the processing steps of electronic customs declarations of customs officers and customs declarations are recorded particular in system about time, valuable content and legal using, so participants have responsible to implement and have knowledge of customs procedures increasing more and more. In addition, the application of risk management techniques and ICC, customs authorities can release the majority of shipments. They retain high risk shipments. The other goods which is not chosen is freed immediately but they can 2 be inspected after custom clearance.
Inspection can cover all customs regimes, such as temporary import for re-export process, tax-free area. Thus, the customs authorities may enhance control over the regime cannot check at the border. ICC allows changing approach to test pure and comprehensive examination and oriented inspection. Through monitoring, inspection and evaluation of business transactions during a long time, customs officials will make comparison, comparing aggregate data (from local to central.
not least from the consistency of the data or the difference between the businesses. The violations are detected and identified early. So it can be prevented commercial fraud and anti-tax losses for the state. Enterprise need ensure the accuracy of the statistics: the information which is declare directly, ensuring the legality and liability of parameters, exclude the possibility of bias in the import data from customs authorities as perform traditional customs.
In addition, the enterprise also save time by automatic system, cost savings, including transportation expenses while performing declaration (declaration via Internet);buy customs declaration (electronic customs declaration is printed on A4 paper) the cost of preparing the paper records (customs documents are minimizing), the human cost. In summary, ICC contributes to improving the efficiency ofthe administrative state: the steps in the process customs declarations are recorded and reply particularly, the declarer can easily monitor condition processing of customs to arrange work actively, managers can easily manage processing status of subordinates by the transparency of the declaration system customs On the international aspect, customs authorities of developed countries consider the inspection after customs clearance as a professional phase in the management technique of modern customs.