MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HO CHI MINH CITY UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND EDUCATION FACULTY FOR HIGH QUALITY TRAINING GRADUATION PROJECT MACHINE MANUFACTURNING TECHNOLOGY DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF A WELDING ELECTRODE MOVING MODEL AROUND A CYLINDER PART LECTURER: M. TRAN THAI SON STUDENT: PHAN THANH TINH TRAN NHU MINH KHANH PHAN VAN KHOI SKL 0 0 9 5 8 7 Ho Chi Minh City, 18th February 2023 HCMC UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND EDUCATION FACULTY FOR HIGH QUALITY TRAINING CAPSTONE PROJECT DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF A WELDING ELECTRODE MOVING MODEL AROUND A CYLINDER PART Advisor: M. TRAN THAI SON Student name: PHAN THANH TINH Student ID: 17143041 Student name: TRAN NHU MINH KHANH Student ID: 18144027 Student name: PHAN VAN KHOI Student ID: 18144031 Academic year: 2018 - 2022 Ho Chi Minh City, 18th February 2023 THE SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM Independence – Freedom– Happiness Ho Chi Minh City, February, 2023 GRADUATION PROJECT ASSIGNMENT Student name: Trần Như Minh Khánh Student ID: 18144027 Student name: Phan Thành Tính Student ID:17143041 Student name: Phan Văn Khởi Student ID:18144031 Major: Machine Manufacturing Technology Class: Advisor: Trần Thái Sơn Phone number: Date of assignment: 10/2/2023 Date of submission: 20/2/2023 1. Project title: Design and fabrication of a welding electrode moving model around a cylinder part.
Initial materials provided by the advisor: - Dimension, basic structure of CNC turning machine. - Knowledge of the welding electrode for heating. - Use step motor 3. Content of the project: - Overview of the turning machine.
- Design a 3D model that moves the welding electrode around the cylinder part. - Fabrication, assembly and testing. Expected results: Realistic models, analysis report. CHAIR OF THE PROGRAM ADVISOR (Sign with full name) (Sign with full name) THE SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM Independence – Freedom– Happiness Ho Chi Minh City, February, 2023 ADVISOR’S EVALUATION SHEET Student name: Trần Như Minh Khánh Student ID: 18144027 Student name: Phan Thành Tính Student ID: 17143041 Student name: Phan Văn Khởi Student ID: 18144031 Major: Machine Manufacturing Technology Project title: Design and fabrication of a welding electrode moving model around a cylinder part.
Advisor: Trần Thái Sơn. Content of the project:. Approval for oral defense? (Approved or denied) .) Ho Chi Minh City, February, 2023 ADVISOR (Sign with full name) THE SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM Independence – Freedom– Happiness Ho Chi Minh City, February, 2023 PRE-DEFENSE EVALUATION SHEET Student name: Trần Như Minh Khánh Student ID: 18144027 Student name: Phan Thành Tính Student ID: 17143041 Student name: Phan Văn Khởi Student ID:18144031 Major: Machine Manufacturing Technology Project title: Design and fabrication of a welding electrode moving model around a cylinder part. Advisor: Trần Thái Sơn.
Name of Reviewer: Dr. Vo Xuan Tien EVALUATION 1. Content and workload of the project. Approval for oral defense? (Approved or denied) .) Ho Chi Minh City, February, 2023 REVIEWER (Sign with full name) THE SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM Independence – Freedom– Happiness EVALUATION SHEET OF DEFENSE COMMITTEE MEMBER Student name: Trần Như Minh Khánh Student ID: 18144027 Student name: Phan Thành Tính Student ID: 17143041 Student name: Phan Văn Khởi Student ID: 18144031 Major: Machine Manufacturing Technology Project title: Design and fabrication of a welding electrode moving model around a cylinder part.
Advisor: Trần Thái Sơn. Name of Defense Committee Members: Assoc. Prof Pham Son Minh, MS.Nguyen Thanh Tan, Dr.Tran Minh The Uyen, Dr.Tran Van Tron, MS.Truong Quang Tri. Content and workload of the project .) Ho Chi Minh City, February, 2023 COMMITTEE MEMBER (Sign with full name) Disclaimer Project title: DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF A WELDING ELECTRODE MOVING MODEL AROUND A CYLINDER PART.
Advisor: TRAN THAI SON Student: PHAN VAN KHOI – Student ID: 18144031 Student: TRAN NHU MINH KHANH – Student ID: 18144027 Student: PHAN THANH TINH – Student ID: 17143041 PHAN VAN KHOI (Project Leader) - Phone: 0971669803 - Email: pkhoi0803@gmail.com TRAN NHU MINH KHANH - Phone: 0764195645 - Email: khanhtrannhuminh@gmail.com PHAN THANH TINH - Phone: 0834569383 - Email:tinhbachtuyet@gmail.com Disclaimer: “We declare that the report’s content are the outcome of our research and implementation process. Nothing was copied without the source being cited in the reference section. We take full responsibility if there is a copyright violation in our report.” Acknowledgements Throughout the period of our capstone project, our group had receive the considerable of passionate help and support, which has instructed and motivated us to overcome all obstacles and successfully finished this project. Firstly, we would like to take this opportunity to thank the Ho Chi Minh University of Technology and Education, as well as Faculty for High Quality training for creating ideal condition for us to finish the project.
Secondly, we are grateful and greatly indebted to my supervisors, Tran Thai Son and Vo Xuan Tien for their advice, guidance, encouragement and objective criticism towards the realization of this dissertation. We resolve problems that arose during the project as a result of these recommendations, as well as learn more about machine design and implementation - related stuff. We are also indebted to Tran Minh The Uyen for him continuous support and inspiration towards completion of this dissertation. We must not miss this opportunity to acknowledge Huynh Do Song Toan and Nguyen Van Thuc for their timely review of the work and the important comments raised that require corrections.
Thirdly, we appreciate the participate of defense committee: Pham Son Minh, Nguyen Thanh Tan, Tran Minh The Uyen, Tran Van Tron, Truong Quang Tri for giving us priceless comments to us. In conclusion, we deeply thank and appreciate to all people who supporting us in this capstone project. Table of Contents CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION. The urgency of the topic:.
Objection of the project:. Aim, mission and scope of the project:. Expecting output data:. 8 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW.
Machine overview and principle:. Electrical and electronic system:. 19 CHAPTER 3: MECHANICAL DESIGN. Choose step motor based on the weight of mainshaft:.
Choose the step motor for slider:. Calculating belt drive for mainshaft:. Calculating belt drive for slider:. Calculating main shaft.
Choosing bearing and verifying the bearing condition:. 39 CHAPTER 5: MACHINE ASSEMBLY PROCEDURES. Electrical box wiring and assembly:. 53 CHAPTER 6: RESULT AND ANALYSIS.
Result after testing the machine with TIG machine:. 62 List of figures Figure 1. Vietnam steel production. Structure of steel.
Carbon equilibrium diagram. Steel structure from low to high temperature. Iron-carbon equilibrium diagram. Raw steel cylinder.
Finished machine overview. Jasic Tig 200A W233 welding machine. Standard dimensions of ATV6-2040-01 and real model. Types of clamping.
K11-80 dimension characteristic parameters. The operation of electronic switches. 57STH56 stepper motor. Pulse power supply 24V.
Load correction factor. Idler correction factor. Speed multiplication correction factor. Operation time correction factor.
Start/stop correction factor. Selection guide table. Reference transmission capacity. Engagement correction coefficient.
Belt of mainshaft. Typical friction coefficient of belt vs table. Correction factor for daily operation hours. Belt length correction factors.
Belt speed correction factors. Table on open-end belts allowable tension. Belt for slider. Drawing of mainshaft.
Mainshaft technical drawing. Main motor holder locating bar. Side motor holder locating bar. Side motor holder locating bar technical drawing.
Electrode holder locating bartechnical drawing. Electrode holder locating. Mica sheet for main shaft. Mica sheet for tailstock.
Machine assembly procedure. Frame assembly sequence. Assembling the profile frame and water trough. Slider cluster front view.
Slider cluster back view. Main shaft cluster front view. Main shaft cluster topview. Slider cluster top view.
Motor assembly and spindle belt. Assembling motor and shaft belt of roller table. Electrical box wiring. Exterior electrical box.
Interior electrical box. Jack to connect the electrical box to the motor. Overview of machine. After testing the machine.
58 List of tables Table 2. Jasic 200A W233 welder specifications. Stepper motor standard. Main shaft routes.
40 Abstracts Vietnam's metals industry has been increasing rapidly for many years, aiming for a high level of manufacturing with serving the production and construction process in large quantities. According to the latest report just released by the Vietnam Steel Association (VSA), in September 2022, finished steel production reached 2.446 million tons, steel consumption of all kinds reached 1. The most important elements of the metal material are tensile strength and hardness, which can be improve or reduce by heat treatment processes. They will make adjustment on the materials to reach the quality that expected and serving different functions.
Understanding the situation, we want to apply our knowledge to design and manufacture the metals heat treating machine in a structure form of the CNC turning machine. This uses a welding electrode (TIG welding) for heating the surface of a cylinder metal part, water cooled and controlled by step motors, PLC. To achieve this target, we started by researching to understand the properties of metals, the change of hardness while heating then we brainstormed our machine concept and used this idea to establish 3D models. Afterward, we applied our knowledge in mechanism, machine component, strength of material and automation programming PLC to carefully calculate and design our frame, spindle, and electronic systems.
Finally, we export 2D technical drawings and machining or ordering parts in order to assemble a fully functional prototype that we can use. Keywords: welding electrode, CNC turning, metals, steel, hardness improvement, adjust tensile strength, specific location heating. A brief overview: According to the latest report just released by the Vietnam Steel Association (VSA), in September 2022, finished steel production reached 2.446 million tons, an increase of 23.41% compared to August 2022 and an increase of 1. % over the same period in 2021; steel consumption of all kinds reached 1.998 million tons, down 7.19% over the previous month and down 9.9% over the same period in 2021.
Vietnam steel production[11] After a long time of use, steel can be worn, rusted, cracked, reducing strength and hardness, greatly affecting the stability of the overall structure. There are also special cases need the material with the appropriate adjusted hardness. There are many methods that can solve that problems, in this topic we plan to do it with the heat from welding electrode, directly increase the surface temperature of the steel cylinder, then cool it down with water pumping system. Using the chuck with the form of CNC turning machine, which can maintain fixed location for the steel cylinder while processing.
We also use drivers and PLC for step 2 motors in order to precisely control the speed of spindle and welding electrode’s position, avoid damaging the surrounding areas. Start with a raw steel cylinder part, uneven hardness, substandard positions and end up with even, improved one has suitable hardness, which can response given standards. Structure, general mechanical properties of steel: Steel, alloy of iron and carbon in which the carbon content ranges up to 2 percent (with a higher carbon content, the material is defined as cast iron). By far the most widely used material for building the world’s infrastructure and industries, it is used to fabricate everything.
Structure of steel.[12] The main reasons for the popularity of steel are the relatively low cost of making, forming, and processing it, the abundance of its two raw materials (iron ore and scrap), and its unparalleled range of mechanical properties. The major component of steel is iron, a metal that in its pure state is not much harder than copper. Omitting very extreme cases, iron in its solid state is, like all other metals, polycrystalline - that is, it consists of many crystals that join one another on their boundaries. A crystal is a well-ordered arrangement of atoms that can best be pictured as spheres touching one another.
They are ordered in planes, called lattices, which penetrate one another in specific ways. Tempering leads to the release of carbon inside by heating the steel.