BANKING ACADEMY FACULTY OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES ---------- GRADUATION THESIS SHADOWING TECHNIQUE IN IMPROVING SPEAKING SKILLS: VOICES FROM ENGLISH –MAJORED SENIOR STUDENTS AT BANKING ACADEMY OF VIETNAM Student : Le Thi Thu Hoai Class : K20ATCA Academic course : 2017 - 2021 Student ID : 20A7510069 Advisor : Dr. Trinh Ngoc Anh Hanoi, May 2021 Graduation Thesis Banking Academy DECLARATION I hereby claim my ownership of this graduation thesis entitled “Shadowing Technique in Improving Speaking Skills: Voices from English – Majored Senior Students at Banking Academy of Vietnam”. This is my own research project under the supervision of Dr. Trinh Ngoc Anh of the Faculty of Foreign Language at Banking Academy of Vietnam.
The work inherits a number of related research results that have been published. The data and documents in the thesis are truthful, objective, and original. All the sources and data I consulted are properly listed in the references. The contents and findings of this study have never been used in any previous studies.
Hanoi, 5th May 2021 Signature Hoai Le Thi Thu Hoai Student: Le Thi Thu Hoai i Class: K20ATCA Graduation Thesis Banking Academy ACKNOWLEGEMENT I would like to express my deepest appreciation to all people who give me enthusiastic and sincere assistance, support, and advice during the conduction of my thesis. First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere thanks to the teachers of the Foreign Language Department - Banking Academy for taking care of me, wholeheartedly teaching me during my time studying at the school and giving me the honor to conduct graduation thesis, contribute to the thesis library of the university. Secondly, I would like to express my deepest appreciation to my supervisor, Dr. Trinh Ngoc Anh, for her guidance, suggestions, advice, correction, and patience during the writing of this research.
Thirdly, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to the lecturers of the faculty, Ms. Can Thuy Lien, Ms. Pham Ngoc Anh, and Ms. Nguyen Thi Minh Que who have always provided me with useful documents, information and guidance so that my work could be completed.
Fourthly, many special thanks go to all the senior students from the Faculty of Foreign Language, especially those took part in my online survey which has greatly devoted to the success of my research paper. Last but not least, I am heartfeltly grateful to my dear family and friends for always being with me, supporting and helping me, encouraging me to persevere in completing this thesis. Student: Le Thi Thu Hoai ii Class: K20ATCA Graduation Thesis Banking Academy ABSTRACT In the prominence of English proficiency requirement in the current labor market, English is becoming more and more urgent and important for undergraduates especially senior university students than ever. In pursuit of foreign language mastery, an effective learning method is of utmost importance, and shadowing is a worldwide proven method to improve listening and speaking skills for EFL learners.
This research is aiming at exploring common difficulties in English communication encountered by senior English-majored students at Banking Academy of Vietnam. Besides, students’ perspectives towards the difficulties in implementing the shadowing technique in speaking skills improvement and its effectiveness have been discussed as well. To collect primary data, the research utilizes the online questionnaire with the participation of 90 senior English majors. In addition, in gathering process of secondary data, I have put great effort to collect and analyze a number of previous research papers to give readers a deeper insight into shadowing technique (e.g Arthurson, 2019; Manseur, 2015; Hamada, 2015, 2016, 2017; Omar and Umehara, 2010; Tamai, 1997; etc).
From the findings, several common problems in speaking English faced by senior English majors are related to the dearth of vocabulary, poor pronunciation and grammar, lack of fluency and confidence, deficient listening comprehension, and so on. Besides, the results also discover some challenges in practicing shadowing such as speaker’s speech rate, voice accent, mispronunciation and intonation, lack of vocabulary and lack of concentration, etc. Despite those difficulties, most of the participants have positive attitudes toward the effectiveness of shadowing in improving speaking skills in many aspects of pronunciation, vocabulary, stress and intonation, fluency, grammar, comprehension, speech rate, and confidence. Keywords: speaking skills, shadowing, shadowing technique, speaking problems Student: Le Thi Thu Hoai iii Class: K20ATCA Graduation Thesis Banking Academy Table of Contents DECLARATION.
iii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS. vii LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES. viii CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION. Background of the study.
Research aim and research questions. Significance of the study. Scope and limitation of the study .4 CHAPTER II - REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE. Concepts of speaking.
Components of speaking .3 Common problems with speaking activities. Concepts of shadowing. Types of shadowing. The importance of shadowing technique in improving speaking skill.
Steps to practice shadowing technique. Review of related studies. Raouia Manseur, 2015, Exploring the role of shadowing in the development of EFL learners’ speaking skill ., 2018, Using the shadowing technique to improve Ecuadorian English learners’ speaking inteligibility. Omar and Umehara, 2010, Using a shadowing technique to improve English pronunciation deficient adult Japanese learners: An action research on Expatriate Japanese adult learners .19 Student: Le Thi Thu Hoai iv Class: K20ATCA Graduation Thesis Banking Academy 2.
Dervon Arthurson, 2019, Shadowing: A technique for language learning and a tool for critical reflection. Hamzar, 2014, The implementation of shadowing technique to improve students’ speaking performance. Salim, Terasne, & Narasima, 2020, Enhancing the students’ pronunciation using shadowing technique at high school students. Shadowing in an EFL context.
Shadowing in the context of Vietnam .24 CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY. Data gathering procedure .30 CHAPTER IV - FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION. The reality of learning English speaking skills by the senior English majors of BAV. Students’ self-assessment of their speaking skills.
Students’ common difficulties in English communication. Students’ approaches to the shadowing technique. Students’ perspectives towards the effectiveness of the Shadowing technique. Students’ frequency of practicing the shadowing method.
Students’ evaluation the effectiveness of shadowing technique in their speaking skills improvement. Students’ viewpoints on the importance of the shadowing technique in their speaking skills enhancement .43 Student: Le Thi Thu Hoai v Class: K20ATCA Graduation Thesis Banking Academy 4. Students’ attitude towards methods of practice the shadowing technique. Students’ difficulties in deploying the shadowing technique.
The level of difficulty of factors hindering the shadowing practice. The frequency of students coping with the shadowing problems. Students’ level of satisfaction with the application of shadowing technique at BAV. Students’ decision making on further shadowing practice.
52 CHAPTER V - CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION. Summary of findings. Recommendation and Implication. For English-majored students.
For teachers of Faculty of Foreign Language. For further studies .63 Student: Le Thi Thu Hoai vi Class: K20ATCA Graduation Thesis Banking Academy LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS EFL: English as a Foreign Language FFL: Faculty of Foreign Languages BAV: Banking Academy of Vietnam Student: Le Thi Thu Hoai vii Class: K20ATCA Graduation Thesis Banking Academy LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Murphey's types of shadowing (2001) (cited in Manseur, 2015) .11 Table 2: Karuta' types of shadowing (2007) (cited in Manseur, 2015) .11 Table 3: Kadota and Tamai's types of shadowing (2005) (cited in Manseur, 2015, p.12 Table 4: Students' evaluation the effectiveness of shadowing in their speaking skills improvement .40 Table 5: Students' attitude towards methods of practice the shadowing technique.45 Table 6: The level of difficulty of factors hindering the shadowing practice .46 Table 7: The frequency of students coping with the shadowing problems .48 Table 8: Students' level of satisfaction with the application of shadowing technique at BAV .50 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 4.1: Students' self-assessment their speaking skills .2: Students' common difficulties in English communication .3: Students' approach to the shadowing technique at class .4: Students' approach to the shadowing technique at home .5: Students' favorable methods of learning speaking .6: Students' reasons for not using the shadowing technique.7: Students' level of frequency practicing the shadowing technique .8: Students' viewpoints on the importance of shadowing technique in their speaking skills improvement .9: Students' readiness to maintain shadowing practice .10: Students' readiness to start to shadowing practice .53 Student: Le Thi Thu Hoai viii Class: K20ATCA Graduation Thesis Banking Academy CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION This chapter firstly addresses the background of the study to explain why the study was conducted. Secondly, the aims of the study are stated, following the significance of the study is described to possible stakeholders. The scope and limitation of the research are mentioned in the next part.
Finally, the research structure and definition of terms are provided respectively to help readers get a better and clearer look at the study. Background of the study In the era of global integration, English is used as an international language, thereby more and more people are taking into consideration and investing in boosting their English skills. It is undeniable that English is of great importance in all aspects of life, from daily communication to career opportunities, from personal development to national prosperity. In the current labor market context, English is considered an outstanding advantage that is highly appreciated by employers.
In fact, most companies and businesses require candidates to obtain English proficiency in which communication skill is of utmost importance apart from listening, reading, writing skills because “good communication is the key to success” (Oliver Wendell Holmes). Therefore, learning English communication is extremely urgent and important for all subjects, especially students, to have the necessary background before entering the current competitive labor market. However, “speaking is one of the most difficult skills to be mastered for most EFL learners” (Manseur, 2015, p. Vietnamese students often encounter many difficulties when learning speaking such as problems of pronunciation, intonation, fluency, accuracy, listening comprehension.
Therefore, it is necessary to have a suitable and effective learning approach to help learners achieve English proficiency. There are many methods of learning to speak English like a monologue, shadowing, storytelling, roleplay, book reading, etc. Of all these approaches, shadowing has emerged as the most effective and highly appreciated method which has been experimented and demonstrated in many famous studies (i. Tamai, 1997; Student: Le Thi Thu Hoai 1 Class: K20ATCA Graduation Thesis Banking Academy Hori, 2008; Omar & Umehara, 2010; Mori, 2011; Hseih an& Dong, 2013; Hamzar, 2014; Hamada, 2015; Manseur, 2015; Jaramillo and Isaza, 2016).
For example, Hamada (2015) states that “shadowing is originally used for training novice interpreters, but it is more critical for EFL students to improve their listening and speaking ability” as cited in Salim, Terasne, and Narasima (2020, p. Also, Manseur (2015) states in his study on the role of the shadowing technique in speaking skill improvement that shadowing can boost EFL learners’ communicative abilities. Furthermore, with the keyword "Shadowing", I have found 14,100,000 results in 0.44 seconds from Google foundation, of which 59,000 results were videos related to the shadowing technique. For example, the video "English speaking practice.
How to improve your English speaking and fluency: Shadowing" posted on Julian Northbrook channel in 2013 currently has got 2. The video "How to speak in English? (Shadowing technique explained)" posted on English with Adriana channel in September 2017 received 118 thousand views [10]. In addition, there are many videos related to shadowing that receive a huge number of views, proving the popularity of this method in the world. This is also reflected in the thousands of positive comments on the videos above.
Besides, in a Ted talk video [41], Marc Green (2018) shares his experience to acquire a near-native proficiency in six languages by mimicking the native speaker. Marc claims that this is the best approach which he called “the perfect-sentence technique” to improve EFL learners’ accents.