THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES TRAN MY DUNG IMPROVING STUDENTS’ VOCABULARY RETENTION THROUGH USING QUIZLET: AN ACTION RESEARCH AT A HIGH SCHOOL M.A THESIS Field: English Linguistics Code: 8220201 THAI NGUYEN – 2022 THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES TRAN MY DUNG IMPROVING STUDENTS’ VOCABULARY RETENTION THROUGH USING QUIZLET: AN ACTION RESEARCH AT A HIGH SCHOOL M.A THESIS (APPLICATION ORIENTATION) Field: English Linguistics Code: 8220201 Supervisor: Nguyen Thi Minh Loan, Ph.D THAI NGUYEN – 2022 ĐẠI HỌC THÁI NGUYÊN TRƯỜNG NGOẠI NGỮ TRẦN MỸ DUNG CẢI THIỆN SỰ GHI NHỚ TỪ VỰNG CỦA HỌC SINH THÔNG QUA SỬ DỤNG QUIZLET: MỘT NGHIÊN CỨU HÀNH ĐỘNG TẠI MỘT TRƯỜNG THPT LUẬN VĂN THẠC SĨ (Định hướng ứng dụng) Ngành: Ngôn ngữ Anh Mã số: 8220201 Cán bộ hướng dẫn: TS. Nguyễn Thị Minh Loan THÁI NGUYÊN – 2022 ABSTRACT The action research aimed to investigate the effects of using Quizlet for improving students’ vocabulary retention and explore the students’ attitude towards this approach. Thirty students of grade 11A1 at Thai Nguyen high school in Thai Nguyen province were chosen. The data was collected by a vocabulary tests and questionnaire to answer the two research questions.
The findings showed that Quizlet application had a positive effect on the students’ vocabulary retention. Data from the vocabulary tests scores demonstrated that Quizlet application helped the 11th-grade students improve their vocabulary retention. Besides, through the questionnaire, it could be seen that most of the students expressed a positive attitude towards applying Quizlet application and an interest in applying technology for learning English, which demonstrated that they believed in its positive effects. Based on the results, the researcher made some suggestions for teachers and students to apply and use Quizlet application effectively in teaching and learning English lessons.
i DECLARATION I declare that this research report entitled “Improving students’ vocabulary retention through using Quizlet: An action research at High school” has been composed by myself and described my own work unless otherwise acknowledged in the text. I confirm that this work is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of master at School of Foreign Languages, Thai Nguyen University. This work has not been and will not be submitted for any other degree at any other higher education institution. Thai Nguyen, 2022 Approved by supervisor Student Dr.
Nguyen Thi Minh Loan Tran My Dung ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to express my thanks to those who have helped and encouraged me to carry out this research. First, I would like to express my wholehearted thanks to my supervisor, Mrs. Nguyen Thi Minh Loan, for her invaluable guidance, suggestions, extraordinarily insightful and constructive comments, tireless support, encouragement, and patience. I cannot find enough words to express my thanks.
I also would like to thank students of class 11A1, Thai Nguyen high school, to provide me with a lot of useful information. Lastly, but certainly not least, I would like to thank my family for their warm encouragement and support. Thai Nguyen, 2022 Student Tran My Dung iii TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS.
iv LIST OF TABLES. vii LIST OF FIGURES. Rationale of the study. Aims of the study.
Scope of the study. Significance of the study. Organization of the study. An overview of vocabulary .1 Definition of vocabulary.
Roles of vocabulary instruction in language learning and teaching. Vocabulary learning through MALL. Definition of Quizlet application. Quizlet application in teaching vocabulary.
The Substitution Augmentation Modification Redefinition Model (SAMR). Attitude in language learning. Definition of attitude. Importance of attitude in language learning.
Review of previous studies. Action research design. Action Research Model. Subjects of the study.
Data collection instrument. Data collection procedure. Data analysis procedure. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION.
Results of the vocabulary tests. Data from the student questionnaire. Research question 1: How does Quizlet Application improve the students’ vocabulary retention?. Research question 2: What are students’ attitudes towards the use of Quizlet application for vocabulary learning?.
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION. Suggestions for teachers. Suggestions for students. Limitations of the study.
Recommendations for further research. 59 APPENDIX 1: SAMPLE VOCABULARY TESTS EACH LESSON FOR STUDENTS. 63 APPENDIX 2: SAMPLE VOCABULARY TESTS EACH UNIT. 66 APPENDIX 3: SAMPLE VOCABULARY TESTS ONE WEEK AFTER THE INTERVENTION FOR STUDENTS.
74 APPENDIX 4: SAMPLE VOCABULARY TESTS FOUR WEEK FOR STUDENTS. 80 APPENDIX 5: QUESTIONAIRE FOR STUDENTS. 86 APPENDIX 6: LESSON PLAN. 89 vi LIST OF TABLES Table 2.
The description of learning modes of Quizlet. The SAMR model for technology impact assessment. The integration of Quizlet. The schedule for applying Quizlet application.
The integration of Quizlet in vocabulary lessons. Scores of 24 vocabulary tests. Frequency of the vocabulary test scores. Students’ score of the eight vocabulary tests after the units.
Frequency of the vocabulary tests after each unit. Students’ attitude toward using Quizlet in English class. 47 vii LIST OF FIGURES Figure 3. An action research cycle (Burns, 2010).
Organization and timeline of the different tasks. Results of the 24 vocabulary tests after each lesson. Results of the vocabulary test scores. Results of the vocabulary test scores.
Results of the vocabulary test scores (after four weeks). Comparison of the results of the vocabulary tests scores. Comparison of the results of the vocabulary tests scores. 46 viii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS Abbreviation Meaning EFL English as Foreign Language L1 First language L2 Second language MALL Mobile Asssisted Language Learning ix CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.
Rationale of the study English has been taught by almost all of levels of education terms, starts from primary school until university. There are four skills in mastering of a language: receptive skill, listening (understanding the spoken language), reading (understanding the written language), and productive skills-speaking and writing. Students need to develop their ability at these four skills for increasing the knowledge and skill of English language in life. From these four skills, vocabulary is one important component in language.
Vocabulary is important for the students to support their four language skills. It means if students master vocabulary, it will make them easier in learn English. Besides, vocabulary plays an important role for students to be able to master the English language. It is impossible for learners to master the English language without mastering vocabulary first (Krashen & Terrel, 1983).
Vocabulary should be taught directly in the classroom activity. It is as important as other skills such as listening, speaking, reading, and writing. 22) said that “vocabulary knowledge is often viewed as a critical tool for a second language learner because limited vocabulary in a second language learner impedes successful communication”. By mastering vocabulary, they can deliver messages to others without any miscommunication.
Furthermore, students’ proficiency in the English language is also measured by how many words they have memorized. Thus, a direct study of vocabulary should be conducted in the process of language learning (Nation, 2001). Furthermore, vocabulary is the basis for communication and important for language proficiency processes (Krashen, 1981). When students have vocabulary limitations, they find difficulties improving their English skills.
Students can easily improve their English language skills such as listening, speaking, reading and writing providing students understand the vocabulary. Teachers who design lesson plans should know the benefits of using ICT and integrate it into English teaching and learning activity (Raman & Mohammed, 2013). 1 On the other hand, the smartphone is considered as one of the ICT tools that could increase students’ motivation in learning English vocabulary. The smartphone is considered convenient and interesting to be used for studying vocabulary (Lu, 2008).
Moreover, there are mobile applications that can be implemented as the need for vocabulary learning, one of which is Quizlet Application. According to Vargas (2011), teachers can increase the use of technology in vocabulary learning by using Quizlet application. This means Quizlet application is totally good to be applied in the class. Quizlet application is a fun activity to help students learn a concept or study vocabulary.
Quizlet can be used on smartphones and also on computers. The researcher can give students such a drilling exercise in every Quizlet application. In the teaching context at Thai Nguyen high school, there existed some problems of learning vocabulary that the researcher came across. The first problem was that learning vocabulary intensively was not provided in English curriculum for high school.
Thus, if the students did not learn or practice new words at home, they would easily forget the meaning of new words which they had learnt in class. The second reason was that the teachers did not have enough time for providing extended word family of new words such as synonyms or antonyms to help the students have more new words. Therefore, the students found it difficult to remember the meaning of new words and their related words. Based on the currently existing issues, the researcher would like to assist the students in gaining a large number of words and then assist them to retain the words longer.
Therefore, the researcher decided to conduct the study “Improving students’ vocabulary retention through using Quizlet application: An action research at Thai Nguyen high school”. Aims of the study Related to the research problems above, the aim of the study was to investigate the improvement of the students’ vocabulary retention after using Quizlet application in English lesson. Besides, the researcher would like to investigate the students’ attitude toward using Quizlet application to improve their vocabulary retention. 2 With the aims mentioned above, the current study would answer the following research questions: - How does Quizlet application improve the students’ word retention? -What are the students’ attitudes towards the use of Quizlet application for vocabulary learning? 1.
Scope of the study This research was quite broad, and the researcher found it difficult to handle all the problems. Therefore, considering limited time and knowledge, the researcher limited the scope of the study. Based on the background and the identification of the problem, this study's focus was on investigating effects on the students' vocabulary retention through using Quizlet application in the real teaching context at Thai Nguyen high school in the second semester of the academic year 2020-2021. The study's findings were only meaningful in the particular teaching and learning context at Thai Nguyen high school.
Significance of the study The result of this research was expected to give some theoretical and practical advantages. In terms of academic advantage, this research could provide beneficial and referential contributions in providing general knowledge of improving the students’ learning vocabulary. Concerning practical advantages, the researcher hoped to bring some benefits: a) to the researcher. The research could give practice in developing her knowledge and skill in problem-solving processes b) to the teachers of English in Thai Nguyen high school.
The research could be used as a source of information about ways to improve the students’ vocabulary learning. c) to 11th-grade students at Thai Nguyen high school. The research would make them more interested and motivated to learn English. Organization of the study This thesis consists of five main chapters.
A summary of the content of each chapter is described as follows. 3 Chapter 1: Introduction In this part, the rationale, aims, significance, and scope of the thesis are presented. Chapter 2: Literature Review In this section, the researcher explains some theoretical issues. Besides, the related ideas in previous studies are reviewed in this chapter.
Chapter 3: Methodology In this chapter, an overview of related research methodology is reviewed, and then the selected method is discussed in detail. Chapter 4: Results and Discussion In this part, the results of data analysis and the findings of the research are presented. Chapter 5: Conclusions and Recommendations In this part, the researcher summarizes the findings of the thesis.