THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY TRIEU TIEN MANH ACCESSIBILITY TO BANK CREDIT OF MANDARIN ORANGE GROWERS IN VINH HAO COMMUNE, HA GIANG PROVINCE BACHELOR THESIS Study mode: Full-time Major: Agricultural Economics Faculty: Advanced Education Program Office Batch: 2019 - 2023 Thai Nguyen, 2023 Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry Degree Program Bachelor of Agricultural Economics Student name TRIEU TIEN MANH Student ID DTN 1954280004 Thesis Title Accessibility to bank credit of Mandarin Orange growers in Vinh Hao Commune, Ha Giang Province Supervisor (s) Assoc.D Do Xuan Luan Supervisor’s Signature Abstract: This study discovered that Agribank Vinh Hao had been mobilizing capital well as the total capital pool increased from 41.51 billion VND in 2020 to 66. The total numbers increased over time but the debts and the outstanding balance did not accelerate as significantly as the given loans. Balance based on occupation showed that Mandarin Orange was being invested hugely in 2022. The total business of Agribank Vinh Hao was positive as the profit was 4.5 billion VND in 2020, which increased to 7 billion in 2022.
Regarding Mandarin Orange growers’ credit accessibility, there were still 40% of households refusing credit capital, mostly due to their concern about debt repayment and production risks. Most of the 60% having participated in bank credit services were approved with loans. However, the amount granted is much less than the amount desired. Despite that, Mandarin Orange production increased much in terms ofarea, yield, revenue, and profit compared to before having loans.
The survey on factors affecting credit accessibility in Vinh Hao showed a potent pattern of Demand, Interest, Duration, and Collaterals. This study had also evaluated the strengths – weaknesses and advantages – disadvantages and proposed solutions for the households, the bank, and the administrator. Keywords: Bank credit; credit accessibility; agriculture; Mandarin Orange Number of pages: 65 Date of Submission: 30/09/2023 1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First and foremost, I would like to deliver my utmost gratitude to Assoc.Dr Do Xuan Luan. He is my supervisor for the research “Accessibility to bank credit of Mandarin Orange growers in Vinh Hao Commune, Ha Giang Province”.
Do Xuan Luan has also been the most enthusiastic and dedicated individual, who always gave me well-explained instructions that were much needed for the research implementation as well as thesis completion. He is also an admirable character that young generations like me and the ones to come aspire to be alike in the future. The work would never have been completed without the information and the instructions regarding the internship schedule and the format of thesis defense provided by the Advanced Education Program’s Office and the Board of Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry. I know that they have also been the units responsible for organizing all the courses and the knowledge that we students were privileged with.
For those, I thank you so much. This research had been completed with much effort and dedication from myself and the aforementioned parties. Nevertheless, I understand that there is always room for improvement. Furthermore, it is difficult to avoid errors and shortcomings due to the limitations of this research.
I really hope that I will be able to further perfect my work by receiving comments and advice from the assessment board, lecturers, and all who wish to contribute to this research. Thank you very much. TRIEU TIEN MANH 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENT. 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS.
3 LIST OF FIGURES. 6 LIST OF TABLES. Research questions and hypotheses. Theoretical bases of commercial bank credit.
Definition of “bank credit”. Classification of bank credit. Characteristic of commercial bank credit. Principles and conditions for providing bank credit.
The role of bank credit. Bank credit accessibility. Overall concept of credit accessibility. Factors affecting bank credit accessibility.
Indicators of bank credit quality. Research status on bank credit quality and accessibility in Vietnam. Production of Mandarin Orange. Overview of Mandarin Orange.
Production of Mandarin Orange in Vietnam. Subject of interest. Subject of interest. Scale of research.
Secondary data collection methods. Primary data collection. Data analysis methods. System of indicator for credit accessibility assessment.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. Characteristics of the research area. Natural conditions of Vinh Hao Commune – Ha Giang Province. Socio-economic background of Vinh Hao Commune.
Assessment on the natural and socio-economic conditions of Vinh Hao Commune. Status of providing Agribank credit for Orange Mandarin growers in Vinh Hao Commune. The activity of Agribank Vinh Hao in credit services in 2020 – 2022. Status of bank credit accessibility of Mandarin Orange growers and people’s assessment.
Evaluation of Agribank credit accessibility of Mandarin Orange growers in Vinh Hao Communes. Proposed directions and solutions for enhancing credit accessibility of Mandarin Orange growers in Vinh Hao Communes. Proposals to Mandarin Orange growers. Proposals to the bank.
Proposals to the administrative authorities. 60 5 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2. “Cam sành” – Mandarin Orange in Vietnam (Credit: An Phat). Orange production in Vietnam (Credit: Statista).
Assessment of Mandarin Orange growers in Vinh Hao on 08 factors affecting Agribank credit accessbility. 51 6 LIST OF TABLES Table 4. The status of capital mobilization of Agribank Vinh Hao in 2020 and 2022. Results on credit service provision of Agribank in Vinh Hao 2020 and 2022.
Outstanding balance based on occupation of Agribank in Vinh Hao 2020 and 2022. Results on the entire business of Agribank Vinh Hao in 2020 and 2022. Demand for bank credit capital of Mandarin Orange growers. Causes of bank credit refusal of Mandarin Orange growers.
Household requirements and the level of demand satisfaction. Changes of Mandarin Orange production scale before and after the loan in 2022. Research rationale In Vietnam, the cultivation of perennial plants including fruits has always been playing a key role in the economy. According to the report of the General Statistics Office of Vietnam in 2021, the total area for perennial plants has increased in recent years, reaching 3,688.6 thousand hectares in 2021 and higher than that of 2020 by 72.
Fruit trees account for approximately 30% of that total area. In the future prospects of many provinces such as Binh Dinh, Ha Giang, Soc Trang, and Vinh Long, fruit trees are going to be the primary economic production. With such increases in terms of cultivation area, production, and profit, the position of perennial plants in the Vietnamese economy will definitely be further elevated in the future. Nevertheless, the process of cultivating and nurturing plants, even harvesting and consumption requires a huge amount of finances that a household alone could not afford (Kumar et al.
That is why bank credit is needed to support perennial plants in particular and the national economy in general. Unfortunately, the access of people to bank credit often undergoes many complicated protocols from application to final approval. Specifically, during the application for bank credit, collateral is mandatory. However, it may create difficulties due to an imbalance between the credit and the value of the collateral, or people are afraid and unwilling to offer collateral (Ioannidou et al.
There are many different types of fruit plants that are highly considered for their role and contribution to the economy. Corresponding to each type, the level of requirement toward bank credit for investment and cultivation varies profoundly, leading to the variety of demands for bank credit. Furthermore, the socioeconomic conditions of a particular region also pose significant effects on bank credit accessibility. Therefore, studies evaluating bank credit of a certain group of interest are crucial to comprehend all the aspects, then using the findings to contribute to the understanding of production households and the development of economics.
8 As one of the main crop in fruit tree production, mandarin orange has always had a firm position among fruit trees in particular and in the entire economy of Vietnam, in general. Furthermore, the crop is also the livelihood of thousands of households and could be potential for many others. However, growing mandarin orange comes with significant investment in cultivation techniques, labor forces, fertilizers, and supporting materials (Sudhakar & Sarker, 2013; Tran Thuy Ai Dong et al. As a result, accessing bank credit for financial support is inevitable.
In fact, there are many reports on credits accessed for orange cultivation from the Vietnam Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development in recent years. That is why a start with mandarin orange, particularly with the bank credit accessibility of grower households will surely provide valuable insights, creating much-needed foundations for scientific research on credit accessibility of other regions and other types of fruit trees. Furthermore, it will potentially resolve difficulties in accessing bank credit for the region as well as the operational system of bank credit from financial institutes. Comprehending that Vinh Hao Commune in Ha Giang Province is a large and prominent cultivation area for mandarin orange, this project has selected the place and decided to conduct a case study on “Accessibility to bank credit of mandarin orange growers in Vinh Hao Commune, Ha Giang Province”.
Research objective This study aimed to 4 specific objectives as follows: 1. Evaluate the overall natural conditions and socio-economic status of the research area to point out correlations with credit accessing. Assess the status of credit providing to mandarin orange growers in Vinh Hao Commune – Ha Giang Province. Synthesize the factors affecting credit accessibility of Mandarin Orange growers via survey results.
Evaluate the advantages and disadvantages or strengths and weaknesses of bank credit accessing in Vinh Hao Commune, then propose directions for exploiting the advantages and solutions for resolving the challenges. Research questions and hypotheses This study had set the research questions and hypotheses as follows: • Question 1: Why are mandarin orange growers in Vinh Hao Commune struggling to elevate their livelihoods and incomes, enlarge the production scale, and develop the mandarin orange products to further extends? The fact that Mandarin Orange in Vinh Hao Commune possesses great qualities in terms of nutrition and sensory, yet remains relatively limited in not just the Vietnamese market but also the world sets out this question. It comes with the hypothesis of whether bank credit play any significant role in this scene. • Question 2: What are the relationship between Agribank credit and Orange Mandarine growers in Vinh Hao Commune, Ha Giang Province? As bank credit are extremely important in circulating the capital and providing means to agricultural practitioners for development, it is necessary to first apprehend the situation of providing bank credit as well as accessing the capital for agricultural production.
The hypothesis coming along with this question is that there are drawbacks and disadvantages in this matter in Vinh Hao Commune. • Question 3: What are the features in bank credit accessibility of Mandarin Orange growers in Vinh Hao that need improvement? The hypothesis is that there are features in banking operations, attitudes of people, and policies from the authorities that impede bank credit accessibility in Vinh Hao Commune. Limitations + Time and scale: A study on bank credit accessibility requires much in terms of time and scale in order to fully comprehend the situation of a region (Vinh Hao Communes). That is due to the vast population and the large area of territory that the study chose to cover.
Consequently, the limited time led to certain methods to comply with the requirements. Nevertheless, it might also have led to some shortcomings in the information coverage of this study. Primary 10 data was collected in 2023, while secondary data was collected for the period 2019-2022. + Research capabilities: The practitioners of this research have certain limitations in terms of knowledge and research prowess.
This likely led to research risks and errors. Despite risk management methods, there are definitely aspects that need to be elaborated.