MINISTRY OF FINANCE ACADEMY OF FINANCE ***** GRADUATION THESIS TOPIC: FINANCIAL SITUATION OF VIET LAM MECHANICAL AND ELECTRICAL JOINT STOCK COMPANY (VIET LAM M&E) Student : SAM NHAT KIM Class : CQ56/11.02CLC Major : Corporate Finance Student ID : 18CL73402010092 Instructor : Assoc. Pham Thi Thanh Hoa Ha Noi – 2022 GRADUATION THESIS ACADEMY OF DECLARATION I hereby declare this thesis is made by myself, as a result of the three- month internship at Viet Lam Joint-stock company. It has not been submitted to any other organization or for an award. Where other sources of information have been used, they have been acknowledged.
Author Sam Nhat Kim Student: Sam Nhat i Class:CQ.02CLC TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION .i TABLE OF CONTENTS. ii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS.iv LIST OF TABLES.v LIST OF CHARTS.2 CHAPTER 1: THEORETICAL BACKGROUND OF FINANCIAL SITUATION OF A COMPANY. Corporate finance and financial management. Corporate finance and financial decisions.
Financial situation of a company. Definition of financial situation of a company. Indicators assessing of financial situation of a company. Factors determining the financial situation of a company.32 CHAPTER 2: FINANCIAL SITUATION OF VIET LAM MECHANICAL AND ELECTRICAL JOINT-STOCK COMPANY.
Overview of Viet Lam M&E. Establishment and Development of Viet Lam M&E. Business characteristics of Viet Lam M&E.General information on financial performance of Viet Lam M&E 40 2. The financial situation of Viet Lam M&E.
Assets and assets structure of Viet Lam M&E. Sources of financial and capital structure. Revenue, Expenses and Income. Liquidity and Solvency.
Asset utilization efficiency and profitability ratio. Assessment of financial situation of Viet Lam. Shortcomings and causes. 86 CHAPTER 3: SOLUTIONS TO IMPROVING THE FINANCIAL SITUATION OF VIET LAM MECHANICAL AND ELECTRICAL JSC 89 3.
Objectives and strategic development directions of Viet Lam. Socio – economic context. Objectives and strategic development directions of Viet Lam. Solutions to improving financial situation of Viet Lam.
Assume responsibilities for allocating enough capital to business and production activities, along with creating suitable capital structure. Improve receivables management. Strengthen expense management, controlling input expenses. Strengthen inventory management.
Conditions for implementing solutions. Viet Lam Mechanical and Electrical JSC. 100 GRADUATION THESIS ACADEMY OF LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS Abbreviated words Meanings CA Current assets CL Current liabilities COGS Cost of goods sold EBIT Earnings before interest and tax NCA Non-current asset NCI Non-current liabilities NI Net income NWC Net working capital OCF Operating cash flow PWC Permanent working capital TWC Temporary working capital Student: Sam Nhat iv Class:CQ.02CLC LIST OF TABLES Table 2.1: Overview of financial performance of Viet Lam from 2018 to 2020 .2: Assets and assets structure of Viet Lam M&E from 2018 to 202042 Table 2.3: Inventory structure of Viet Lam M&E from 2018 to 2020.4: Sources of finance and capital structure of Viet Lam M&E from 2018 to 2020.5: The net working capital of Viet Lam from 2018 to 2020.6: Net working capital of companies in the same field with Viet Lam M&E from 2018 to 2020.8: Total incomes and total expenses of Viet Lam from 2018 to 2020 .9: Expense structure to net revenue.10: Cash flow situation of Viet Lam M&E from 2018 to 2020.11: Sources and uses of capital of Viet Lam M&E from 2019 to 2020 .12: Cash conversion cycle of Viet Lam from 2019 to 2020.13: Cash flow evaluation ratios.14: The liquidity ratio of Viet Lam M&E from 2018 to 2020.15: Liquidity ratios of companies in the same field with Viet Lam M&E in 2020.16: Solvency ratio of Viet Lam M&E from 2018 to 2020.17: Asset utilization efficiency ratios of Viet Lam M&E from 2018 to 2020.18: Profitability ratios of Viet Lam from 2018 to 2020.19: Profitability ratios of companies in the same field with Viet Lam in 2020.20: Dupont system of Viet Lam from 2019 to 2020.21: Changes in undistributed profit after tax from 2018 to 2020.85 LIST OF CHARTS Chart 1.1: Financing model of a company.1: Viet Lam’s organizational structure.2: Viet Lam’s accounting system.3: Viet Lam’s bidding process.6: The Dupont equation from 2019 to 2020.84 GRADUATION THESIS ACADEMY OF ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would like to express my special thanks of gratitude to my instructor, Assoc. Pham Thi Thanh Hoa who helped me in doing a lot of research as well as offering many conscientious advices to better my work.
Secondly, I would also like to thank my friends who helped me a lot in finalizing this project within the limited time frame and their continued support and encouragement. Student: Sam Nhat 1 Class:CQ. Rationale of the study As Vietnam is getting closer into economic integration and globalization, the demand for construction and engineering is increasing rapidly, especially for infrastructure construction. Over the last two decades, the construction and engineering in Vietnam experienced fierce competitiveness as a result of the development of domestic companies, changes in the markets and the entry of FDI enterprises.
In order to survive, develop and improve reputation, companies need to, have sufficient sources of finance, operate efficiently and thoroughly understand their operating and financial situation. Alternatively, it is crucial for any manager to assess the financial situation of the company. Viet Lam Mechanical and Electrical JSC was founded in 2009, as a firm specialized in design consultancy, mechanical and electrical construction of industrial factories. With the vision “We always ponder and desire that serving customer is our happiness to provide a small contribution into the valuable customer’s success”, the company itself has gained trust from clients and took part in more than 50 projects, generating 34,330 million VND of revenue in 2020 only and obtained the following outcomes: Regarding resource scale and structure, the company’s resource structure witnessed a slight increase, in which liabilities took the largest proportion in the total resource, the rise in owner’s equity was contributed by an increase in undistributed profit from the previous year.
Regarding asset scale and structure, the total assets experienced an increase, in which the proportion of current assets went down and non-current assets took the place as the major contribution in total assets. In addition, cash and cash equivalent considerably declined while inventories gradually rose during the period. Regarding business performance, gross revenue from sales and services went up 17.61% in 2020 since the company complemented more valued projects, however, expenses also recorded to climb up due to the increase in financial expense and cost of goods sold. Regarding cash flow, the company continuously received a negative result of cash flows from operating activities during the 3 years and this was not enough for the company’s ability to off-set its loan interest.
It would be a great chance to look more into the company’s performance and its financial policy during this challenging period of the industry. Thus, I decided to choose “Financial situation of Viet Lam Mechanical and Electrical Joint-stock company” as the topic for my graduation thesis. Through my 3-month internship, with the help of my instructor, Mrs. Pham Thi Thanh Hoa, I will try my best to examine the financial situation of Viet Lam, identify the strengths and weaknesses to recommend some solutions to enhance the financial performance of the company.
Literature review Financial situation is one of the premises used to evaluate a company’s performance, which attracts attention of many organizations as well as individuals. Until now, various scientific conferences have been held and research topics, being in the form of master’s thesis, were successfully defended. Those works have contributed in supporting the theoretical background in evaluation of financial situation. There are some of the projects which relates to my thesis as following: Firstly, published books and lectures from universities such as the Academy of Finance, National Economic University, Banking Academy, … Basically, these are the base for theoretical background in researching, evaluating and analyzing financial situation of a company.
Secondly, there are plenty of works which relate to financial situation: - Dang Duy Linh (2016), Master Thesis “Financial situation of Vingroup Joint-stock company” – Academy of Finance. The author evaluated the financial situation of Vingroup’s holding company, from there, the thesis figured out solutions aiming to better the financial situation of Vingroup JSC. - Nguyen Thi Thu Huyen (2017), Master Thesis “Solutions to improving financial situation of Petrovietnam Northern Gas Joint-stock company” – Academy of Finance. The author systemized the basic theory of analyzing corporate finance and proposed solutions to improve the financial situation of the company.
- Pham Thi Anh (2017), Master Thesis “Solutions to improving financial situation of Song Da No11 Joint-stock company” – Academy of Finance. This thesis studied about real situation and business performance of Song Da No11 JSC, brought out a system of financial solutions to improve the company’s financial situation. - Dang Huyen Trang (2018), Master Thesis “Financial situation of Vietnam Dairy Products Joint-stock company (Vinamilk)” – Academy of Finance. The thesis presented theory of corporate finance analyzing, the reality of financial analysis and recommended resolutions to ameliorate the financial situation of Vinamilk JSC.
Besides, there are many other works mentioning financial situation of a company, however, I found out that there is no work giving an insight of Viet Lam Mechanical and Electrical Joint-stock company’s financial situation and solutions to improve its business performance. Therefore, I decided to choose “Financial situation of Viet Lam Mechanical and Electrical Joint-stock company” as the topic for researching to ensure the unique of my thesis. Purposes and research questions The purpose of this thesis is to assess the financial situation of Viet Lam M&E in the period from 2018 to 2020 and propose some solutions to improve the financial situation of the company. In order to achieve this goal, the thesis will answer these following questions: - How is the current financial situation of Viet Lam M&E? - What are the achievements and shortages of Viet Lam in managing its finance? - What are some solutions to improve the financial situation of Viet Lam? 4.
Scope of the study Subjective of the study: Financial situation of Viet Lam Mechanical and Electrical Joint-stock company. Scope of the study: Financial situations of Viet Lam Mechanical and Electrical Joint-stock company in the period from 2018 to 2020. Data and research methodology Data: This study examined both primary and secondary data. Primary data were collected during the internship at Viet Lam M&E JSC.
Secondary data were extracted from financial statements, official website, and other reliable sources. Methodology: The study used both qualitive and quantitative method to assess the financial situation of Viet Lam M&E JSC. For qualitative method, the study made assumptions and statements about the financial situation of the company based on collected information. For quantitative method, the study applied three techniques, namely common size financial statements, trend analysis, and benchmarking.
Using the secondary data, financial ratios were calculated and compared, and concluded. Thesis structure Regarding the thesis structure, besides Introduction and Conclusion, the contents of the thesis are expressed through three chapters as below: Chapter 1: Theoretical background of financial situation of a company Chapter 2: Financial Situation of Viet Lam Mechanical and Electrical JSC Chapter 3: Solutions to improving Financial Situation of Viet Lam Mechanical and Electrical JSC CHAPTER 1: THEORETICAL BACKGROUND OF FINANCIAL SITUATION OF A COMPANY 1. Corporate finance and financial management 1. Corporate finance and financial decisions 1.
Definition of corporate finance A firm is an economic entity which carries out the goods production or service supplies for consumers in order to generate profits. An enterprise’s business operation is also a combination between input factors such as factories, equipment, materials, … and labor force to create outputs for profitable sales. In the economic markets, some input resources require enterprises to own a certain amount of monetary capital. To each legal form of organization, an enterprise will have a suitable method to create the initial monetary capital, from which the firm purchases machinery, equipment and materials.
After finishing the production, the enterprise sells goods and gains money from sales of goods, which is used for covering lost material expenses and paying wages to employees and other expenses especially the taxes to the State.