THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL AND FORESTRY ----------- ----------- DOAN HAI LINH THE STUDY ON THE DESIGN OF A MODEL FOR SOURCE SOLID WASTE SEPARATION IN NONG TRANG MARKET - VIET TRI CITY – PHU THO PROVINCE BACHELOR THESIS Study Mode : Full-time Major : Environmental Science and Management Faculty : International Programs Office Batch : 2013 - 2017 Thai Nguyen, 2017 c Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry Degree Program Bachelor of Environmental Science and Management Student Name Doan Hai Linh Student ID DTN1353110364 “The study on the design of a model for Source Solid Waste Thesis Title Separation in Nong Trang market - Viet Tri city – Phu Tho province”. Duong Van Thao Abstract: Solid waste management has been identified as one of the most serious problem to environment in Phu Tho province. Source solid waste separation is considered an effective means of reducing solid waste and protect environment. This report was conducted to study on building a model for sorting solid waste initially in Nong Trang market – Viet Tri city.
This investigation is an attempt to: determine the adequacy of facilities to handle solid waste; and to assess both quality and quantity of behavior factors such as: knowledge; awareness of sellers about source solid waste separation in Nong Trang market – Viet Tri city – Phu Tho province. This research also presents the percentage of people awareness about some appropriate propaganda contents such as TV program (28%), poster (21%), newspaper (14%) and the assessment of those impacts on seller’s knowledge, awareness, and action: after propaganda there are 80% of people can know different type of SW; 100% of people know the harmful of solid waste and the purpose of waste seperation after classifying. Among the major c recommendations is that public education campaigns should be developed to encourage sustainable solid waste management behavior, increasing construction of material facilities for the collection, transportation and treatment of solid waste; increasing the awareness of people about solid waste and source solid waste separation; using suitable model of source solid waste separation in each market in Viet Tri city; building more landfill suitable with condition of each market. Nong Trang market, Source Solid Waste Separation, Keywords design, model.
Number of Pages 47 pages Date of Submission 22/09/2017 Supervisor’s signature ii c ACKNOWLEDGMENT To finish this thesis, I received enthusiastic help from many people working in the Department of Natural Resources and Environment of Phu Tho province, friends and family. First of all, I would like to send my sincere thanks to the teachers in Training and Development International Center - Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry for creating favorable conditions, caring and support for me during the study time. In particular, I want to deeply thank to Dr. Duong Van Thao for given permission to accomplish my Bachelor thesis there, and also his contact motivating supervision during my studies in the research.
I would also like to thank the assistance of staffs who are working at Department of Natural Resources and Environment Phu Tho, Environmental Protection Angency for creating favorable conditions for me during the drafting process to completed this thesis. Finally, I would like to take this opportunity to record my sense of gratitude to thank my family and friends who always helping me to finish this thesis successfully. Sincerely, Doan Hai Linh i c TABLE OF CONTENT ACKNOWLEDGMENT. i TABLE OF CONTENT .ii LIST OF TABLE.
v LIST OF FIGURE.vi LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS. The overview of Nong Trang market. The definition of solid waste. Generation and components of solid waste.
Generation of solid waste. The components of solid waste. The impact of solid waste on the environment. Impact on soil environment.
Impact on water environment. Impact on air environmental. Impact on human health and urban landscape. The purpose of solid waste management.
The purpose of solid waste management. System of solid waste management. Some experiences of source solid waste separation in the world. Experience of Japan.
Experience of Singapore. Experience of Germany. The lessons for Vietnam. Solid waste management in Vietnam.
Status of separation and collection waste. Solid waste disposal. Reuse and recycle. Situation arising and the classification of solid waste in Phu Tho province.
Location and research background. Sample size and sample techniques. Data analysis and processing. 27 iii c PART IV.
The percentage of demography of population and respondents in Nong Trang market. Assessment the current status of solid waste collection in Nong Trang market. Volume and composition of waste in Nong Trang market. The amount of waste generated.
The components of solid waste in market. The awareness of seller about solid waste and source solid waste separation. Awareness of seller on solid waste. Awareness and attitude of seller about source solid waste separation.
The effectiveness of propaganda. Propose model of source solid waste separation to reduce solid waste in Nong Trang market. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION. 46 APPENDIX 1 APPENDIX 2 APPENDIX 3 iv c LIST OF TABLE Table 1: Components of domestic solid waste in Phu Tho province.
8 Table 2: The mass of domestic solid waste arising in the city, districts, and towns (up to 2015). 24 Table 3: Number of seller in Nong Trang market. 29 Table 4: The number of respondents interviewed in each seller group in Nong Trang market. 29 Table 5: The volume of waste generated in Nong Trang market.
31 Table 6: The average volume of SW generated from each group. 31 Table 7: Assessment of seller about management system of SW in Nong Trang market. 33 Table 8: The awareness of seller about SW. 34 Table 9: The awareness of seller about SSWS.
35 v c LIST OF FIGURE Figure 1: The location of Nong Trang market (Google map). 5 Figure 2: The generation of solid waste. 6 Figure 3: The system of solid waste management. 12 Figure 4a: Solid waste separation in Japan.
13 Figure 4b: Solid waste separation in Singapore. 14 Figure 4c: Solid waste separation in Germany. 15 Figure 5: Rate of waste collection in Vietnam, urban vs. 18 Figure 6: Waste collection system in Nong Trang market.
30 Figure 7: The components of SW in Nong Trang market. 32 Figure 8: The percentage of propaganda forms. 37 Figure 9: The awareness of people before and after propaganda. 38 Figure 10a: Source solid waste separation by option 1.
39 Figure 10b: Source solid waste separation by option 2. 40 vi c LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS HCMC Ho Chi Minh City ODA Official Development Assistance RCRA The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act SSWS Source Solid Waste Separation SW Solid Waste URENCO Urban Environment Company VEM Vietnam Environment Monitor vii c PART I. INTRODUCTION Environment plays an important role for human life and the development of socio-economic in each country. The environment was degraded and severely polluted, and it becomes a global problem.
Therefore, environmental protection is the responsibility of governments, department, socio-economic organizations and individuals to protect people health. In several years, with the development of socio-economic, production, business, service and industrial zones which have been expanded and developed rapidly. On the one hand, it contributes positively for the development of our country. On the other hand, it creates a large number of solid domestic wastes.
In addition, with the socio-economic achievements, population growth rapidly is a big challenge for development, including solid waste increase sharply. With high living standards, the rate of solid waste for each person also increased over time. The risk of environmental pollution caused by solid waste is becoming an important problem in Viet Nam that is requiring management and treatment to protect environment. Research rationale Nowadays, our country is developing in the direction of industrialization and modernization, with that development, the process of urbanization in Vietnam is growing continuously in terms of scope, quantity and quality.
Besides the positive, there are some limitations are environmental pollution, namely the pollution of soil, water, air, etc, requiring attentions and solutions of government. On the other hand, the implementation process of industrialization and modernization, economic restructuring 1 c in Viet Tri city has formed many markets around residential area. It lead to solid waste increasing strongly. Until now, the awareness of human about solid waste separation is still limited.
Almost all waste discharges directly into the environment without treatment. Wastewater discharge directly into rivers and lakes is about 510,000m3/day, solid waste is around 6,500 - 7,000 tons/day, with over use chemicals in plant protection which has caused the environment severely polluted. This pollution will seriously affect people and ecosystems such as ice melt, greenhouse gas emissions, global warming, typhoon, and flood. Therefore, environmental protection is urgency, it is not belong to the problem of each country, but it is the responsibility of the whole world (Phu Tho Statistical Department, 2013).
On the other hand, Viet Tri city is the centre of the production facilities, industrial zones to attract a large amount of employees in other provinces and districts. Some markets or services for human increase, leads to increasing rapidly of solid waste. The disposal of solid waste do not have plan; the collection, transportation and treatment of solid waste is not properly regulated. In addition, people's living standards improve, the demand for high product quality leads to increase solid waste.
Solid waste discharged into the environment causing air pollution, effect to human health, economic damage, agriculture, social - economic development. Furthermore, management of solid waste in Phu Tho province include collection, waste treatment is not done properly. Environmental protection and solid waste management becomes really necessary and need have some solutions to reduce it directly. Therefore, we should focus on solving requirements restrictions at the minimum amount of waste 2 c bring to the landfill and increase the maximum amount of waste bring recycling and processing.
To implement this requirement, we have access to a very effective way to do that most of the advanced countries of the world have already applied as an effective way of managing the most to garbage operation. That is the Source Solid Waste Separation (SSWS). It refers to the separation of municipal solid waste into several categories at the generation source according to the different characteristics of each material before further treatment. Currently, Viet Tri is piloting source solid waste separation program in some markets around the city.
Stemming from this problem, in order to find the management measures to contribute reducing environmental pollution caused by solid waste in Phu Tho province, I conducted research projects: "The study on the design of a model for source solid waste separation in Nong Trang market - Viet Tri city - Phu Tho province”. Research’s objectives The general objective of the study is raising people awareness about environmental protection, especially changing the habit and sense of community in the classification and disposal of Solid Waste (SW) in accordance with regulations, to mitigate environmental pollution caused by the SW. In 2020, 100% of the markets in Viet Tri city can separate waste at source suitable with treatment technology. In particular, there are some specific objectives: • To investigate the awareness and attitude of people about SW and SSWS.
• To design of media propaganda about the SW and SSWS based on sellers opinion. 3 c • To assess the effectiveness of measures to enhance understanding, awareness and actions of sellers about initial solid waste sorting. • To build a model of SSWS in each market in Viet Tri city – Phu Tho province. What are the classifications of SW in Nong Trang market? 2.
How do the SW managed by the people in Nong Trang market? 3. What is the level of awareness on SSWS among respondents? 4. What is the proposed enhanced model SSWS?