VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST- GRADUATE STUDIES VŨ THỊ MAI ANH A CONTRASTIVE STUDY OF SOME COMMON TEXTUAL PATTERNS OF DISEASE OUTBREAK ONLINE NEWS IN ENGLISH AND VIETNAMESE NGHIÊN CỨU ĐỐI CHIẾU MỘT SỐ MẪU THỨC VĂN BẢN PHỔ BIẾN TRONG CÁC PHẦN TIN ĐIỆN TỬ NÓI VỀ CÁC ĐỢT BÙNG PHÁT DỊCH BỆNH BẰNG TIẾNG ANH VÀ TIẾNG VIỆT MA. MINOR THESIS Major: English Linguistics Code : 60220201 HÀ NỘI – 2016 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST- GRADUATE STUDIES VŨ THỊ MAI ANH A CONTRASTIVE STUDY OF SOME COMMON TEXTUAL PATTERNS OF DISEASE OUTBREAK ONLINE NEWS IN ENGLISH AND VIETNAMESE NGHIÊN CỨU ĐỐI CHIẾU MỘT SỐ MẪU THỨC VĂN BẢN PHỔ BIẾN TRONG CÁC PHẦN TIN ĐIỆN TỬ NÓI VỀ CÁC ĐỢT BÙNG PHÁT DỊCH BỆNH BẰNG TIẾNG ANH VÀ TIẾNG VIỆT MA. MINOR THESIS Major: English Linguistics Code : 60220201 Supervisor: Dr. Huỳnh Anh Tuấn HÀ NỘI – 2016 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com DECLARATION I, Vu Thi Mai Anh, certify that this work is my own study.
The data, results and finding in this thesis are true. The thesis has not been submitted for a higher degree to any other university or institution. Signature: Vu Thi Mai Anh Email: maianhvu203@gmail.com Mobile phone: 01684381468 i LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Firstly, I would like to express my deep gratitude to my supervisor, Dr Huỳnh Anh Tuấn, for setting me on an interesting path and for continuous support of my thesis, for his patience, his motivation and immense knowledge. Without his invaluable advice and instruction, the study could not have come to fruition.
Besides, I am also very grateful to my teacher Dr Huỳnh Anh Tuấn for his value lectures about Information Structure that inspires me to conduct the study on textual pattern. My sincere thanks also goes to the Department of Graduate Studies for their kindness and support. Lastly, I wish to thank my parents, my husband, my son and my friends, who always encourage, sympathize and be aside me. Without their previous support, it would be impossible for me to conduct this research.
ii LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com ABSTRACT The study is conducted to investigate the common textual patterns and their signaling devices and to find out the similarities and differences of these issues in English and Vietnamese diseases outbreak online news. Correspondingly, three research questions are raised, which are (1) What kinds of textual pattern are commonly used in disease outbreak online news in English and Vietnamese? (2) What are the signaling devices that help to identify textual patterns in disease outbreak online news in English and Vietnamese? (3) What are the similarities and differences between textual patterns and signaling devices of disease outbreak online news in English and Vietnamese? In order to answer the research questions, the researcher combines different methods of data analysis (quantitative, qualitative, descriptive and contrastive). The research is conducted on 100 news on diseases outbreak, half of which are in English and the other half are in Vietnamese. The result reveals that the most common textual pattern in both English and Vietnamese is Problem – Solution.
General – Particular pattern ranks the second with a much smaller percentage. Question - Answer is only found in Vietnamese news. The other patterns do not exist in the surveyed news. Regarding signaling devices, there are two kinds: lexical signals (noun, verb, adjective, adverb) and structural signals (changes in verb form).
iii LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com TABLE OF CONTENTS Declaration.iii Table of contents.iv List of abbreviations, diagrams.vi PART A: INTRODUCTION. Rationale of the study. Aims of the study. Scope of the study.
Significance of the study. Research question and research methods. Design of the study. 5 CHAPTER I: THEORETICAL BACKGROUND & LITERATURE REVIEW.
The concept of discourse and text. Discourse analysis and Text analysis. Textual patterns and signaling devices. Definition of textual patterns.
Signaling devices of textual patterns. Kinds of textual pattern. Problem – Solution pattern. General – Particular pattern.
Question – Answer pattern. Goal - Achievement pattern. Hypothetical – Real pattern. Disease Outbreak Online News.
The notion of news. Features of online news. Disease Outbreak Online News (DONs). Previous studies on news.
Notions of Diseases outbreak online news (DONs). 12 CHAPTER 2: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY. Subject of the study. Data collection method and data analysis procedure.
15 CHAPTER 3: DATA ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION. TEXTUAL PATTERNS AND THEIR SIGNALING DEVICES IN DISEASES OUTBREAK ONLINE NEWS IN ENGLISH. 16 iv LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.Problem – Solution pattern .Lexical Signals of Problem .Signals of Response .Signals of Evaluation .General –Particular pattern .Cardinal numbers as signals of enumerables/general .Ordinal numbers as signals of matching relation/matched particular .TEXTUAL PATTERNS AND SIGNALS OF PATTERNS IN DISEASES OUTBREAK ONLINE NEWS IN VIETNAMESE IN COMPARISON WITH THAT IN ENGLISH .Problem – Solution pattern .Lexical signals of Problem .Signals of Response .Signals of Evaluation .General – Particular pattern .Cardinal numbers as signals of enumerables/general .Ordinal numbers as signals of matching relation/matched particular .Question – Answer pattern .Repetition between question and answer. SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES BETWEEN TEXTUAL PATTERN AND SIGNALING DEVICES USED IN DONs IN ENGLISH AND VIETNAMESE.
Summary of the study. Summary of the main findings. Limitations of the study. Suggestions for further research .53 APPENDIXES ……………………………………………………………………………55 APPENDIX 1……………………………………………………………………………55 APPENDIX 2……………………………………………………………………………61 APPENDIX 3……………………………………………………………………………61 APPENDIX 4……………………………………………………………………………67 APPENDIX 5……………………………………………………………………………68 v LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com LIST OF ABBREVIATION DONs: Disease outbreak news LIST OF DIAGRAMS Page Diagram 1: Analytical framework 15 Diagram 2: Nouns as signal of Problem in DONs in English 18 Diagram 3: Verbs as signal of Problem in DONs in English 20 Diagram 4: Signals of Response in DONs in English 23 Diagram 5: Signals of Evaluation 26 Diagram 6: Signals of Genenral-Particular in DONs in English 28 Diagram 7: Nouns as signals of Problem in Vietnamese DONs 32 Diagram 8: Signals of Response in Vietnamese DONs 36 Diagram 9: Signals of General-Particular in DpONs in Vietnamese 39 Diagram 10: Signals of Question-Answer in DONs in Vietnamese 41 LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Common textual pattern of DONs in English 16 Table 2: Part of speech as lexical signals of Problem in DONs in English 17 Table 3: Common textual pattern of DONs in Vietnamese 30 Table 4: Parts of speech as lexical signals of Problem of DONs in 31 Vietnamese Table 5: Problem – Solution pattern in DONs in English and Vietnamese 48 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Common textual patterns in DONs in English 49 Figure 2: Common textual patterns in DONs in Vietnamese 49 vi LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com PART A: INTRODUCTION 1.
Rationale of the study Textual pattern is an interesting field which provides insights into the structure of discourse. It is regarded as an important tool for readers and learners to process a text because it functions as navigation for readers (Coulthard, 2000). It is to be noted that textual pattern, although a challenge to researchers and learners, has attracted much of their attention. The works by famous linguists such as Winter (1977); Hoey (2001, 1994) and McCarthy (1994) have opened ways for further comprehensive analysis into the application of textual patterns in language teaching and learning.
The researcher is also inspired to carry out the analysis on textual patterns in the two languages of English and Vietnamese and the chosen topic is diseases outbreak online news. The reason for choosing this topic is that news is a kind of discourse which has been studied in terms of its linguistic features and discourse structure. However, none of the researchers has taken into consideration of online news regarding its textual patterns. Moreover, online news is an invaluable source providing updated information and knowledge in the most rapid way.
Understanding the patterns of news and its signaling devices would be beneficial for users to access information. On the other side, the researcher has worked in the field relating to health care and know that news reports on outbreak of diseases are very essential, in which the latest incidents and events surrounding the sudden occurrence of diseases are updated. The information provided can help readers to protect themselves and to spread to the community so that everyone is cautioned about the outbreak. The question that how to help popular readers to get in the content effectively encourages the researcher to perform “A Contrastive Study of Some Common Textual Patterns of Disease Outbreak Online News in English and Vietnamese”.
Besides, the study is expected to be a good reference for popular readers to access information in the most effective way and for language learners in improving reading and writing skills. 1 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail. Aims of the study The study aims to: - Investigate some common textual patterns and their signaling devices in Disease outbreak online news (DONs) in English and Vietnamese. - Find out the similarities and differences between the textual patterns and signaling devices in DONs in English and Vietnamese.
Scope of the study There are nine textual patterns suggested by Hoey (1994, 2001), McCarthy and Carter (1994) including Problem –Solution, Hypothetical - Real, General – Particular, Question – Answer, Goal – Achievement, Narrative, Opportunity taking, Design arousal – fulfillment, Gap in knowledge filling. However, due to the limited time, the study will deal with only five kinds of textual patterns based on Hoey‟ concept: Problem – Solution, General – Particular, Question –Answer, Hypothetical - Real, and Goal –Achievement. The data will be collected through news on some websites of World Health Organization (WHO), BBC, CNN, Ministry of Health in Vietnam (MOH), dantri, Vnexpress, thanhnien, nhandan and so on. The topic is the outbreak of infectious diseases such as Ebola, Hand – foot – mouth disease, Measles from 2013 to August 2016.
Significance of the study The study is expected to bring about some benefits in terms of theory and practice. Theoretically, it helps to give an overview of English textual patterns, discourse, text, discourse analysis and text analysis. Then some concepts of online news discourse and their features will be reviewed. Practically, it provides an effective way of the processing of online news discourse, which particularly helps readers to comprehend and exploit the information successfully.
Moreover, the finding of lexical signals in the study can be applied in language teaching and learning, especially in reading and writing skill. Learners can predict the flow of one text in reading passages and use the knowledge in textual patterns and their signaling devices to produce successful pieces of writing. 2 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail. Research questions and research methods 5.
What kinds of textual pattern are commonly used in disease outbreak online news in English and Vietnamese? 2. What are the signaling devices that help to identify textual patterns in disease outbreak online news in English and Vietnamese? 3. What are the similarities and differences between textual patterns and signaling devices in disease outbreak online news in English and Vietnamese? 5. Research methods An integration of qualitative, quantitative, descriptive and contrastive method is employed to conduct the study.
The quantitative method is employed to count the percentage of each textual pattern or how frequently each textual pattern is used in English and Vietnamese online news. The qualitative method is used to build the researcher‟s own framework based on Hoey‟s theoretical framework. The two later methods are employed to give deep description into the structure of text and to find out the similarities and differences between the two languages in terms of textual patterns. Design of the study The study is organized in three main parts.