MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HO CHI MINH CITY UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND EDUCATION GRADUATION THESIS MAJOR: ACCOUNTING ACCOUNTING FOR REVENUE, EXPENSES, AND ANALYSIS OF BUSINESS RESULTS AT LOGISTICS WINGO JOINT STOCK COMPANY INSTRUCTOR: PHAM HIEU STUDENT: THAI THI THU UYEN Ho Chi Minh city, 5/2024 MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HO CHI MINH CITY UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND EDUCATION FACULTY OF ECONOMICS ****** GRADUATION THESIS ACCOUNTING FOR REVENUE, EXPENSES, AND ANALYSIS OF BUSINESS RESULTS AT LOGISTICS WINGO JOINT STOCK COMPANY Students: Thai Thi Thu Uyen Student ID : 20125021 Class: 201252A Course: 2020 System: Regular university Ho Chi Minh City, May 2024 THANK YOU To successfully complete this internship report, the author would like to extend profound gratitude to Mr. Pham Hieu for his dedicated guidance, starting from the topic selection process until the completion of the thesis. In addition, the author would like to express sincere gratitude to Ms. Pham Thi Thu Hien, in particular, and all colleagues at Wingo Logistics Joint Stock Company for providing the opportunity for the author to intern and work at the company.
Their support has helped the author enhance knowledge, improve the report, gain valuable experience, and immerse in a professional working environment, enabling the author to feel more confident on their future path. The author would also like to express gratitude to the professors and faculty of the Economics Department and Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and Education for laying the foundation for the author's education, fostering knowledge acquisition, and instilling confidence as the author steps into the business world. Although the author's experience is limited and their knowledge and expertise are still developing, despite earnest efforts in research, shortcomings and deficiencies are unavoidable, resulting in a lack of comprehensive coverage in this report. The author sincerely hopes to receive constructive feedback and contributions from professors, colleagues, and supervisors during the learning and exploration process, aiming to enhance the completeness of the report.
Thank you ! iv LIST OF ABBREVIATION Serial number Abbreviation Explanation 1 VAT Value Added Tax 2 CIT Corporate Income Tax 3 Dr Debit 4 Cr Credit 5 ROS Return on sales 6 ROA Return on total assets 7 ROE Return on total equity v LIST OF DIAGRAMS Diagram 1.1: The organizational chart of Logistics Wingo Joint Stock Company .2: Organization of the accounting system of Logistics Wingo Joint Stock Company.3: Procedure for Recording Accounting Entries in Computerized Accounting.1: Selling and Service Revenue Accounting Chart .2: Chart of Accounts for Revenue Deductions .3: Diagram of Cost of Goods Sold Accounting by the Periodic Inventory System .4: Diagram of Sales Costs Accounting.5: Chart of Accounts for Business Management Expenses .6: Financial Revenue Accounting Diagram .7: Accounting chart for financial expenses .8: Other Income Accounting Diagram .9: Accounting Chart for Other Expenses .10: Accounting entries diagram for current corporate income tax expenses .11: Accounting diagram for determining business operation results .1: Sales Process Flowchart of Wingo Logistics Joint Stock Company.1: Process flowchart for signing goods delivery receipt. 52 vi LIST OF IMAGES Figure 1.1: The logo of Wingo Logistics Joint Stock Company .2: Accounting Software Login Interface .3: Accounting Software User Interface.1: Profitability chart of Wingo Logistics Joint Stock Company. 48 LIST OF TABLE Table 3.1: Business Performance of Logistics Wingo Corporation for the Period 2021-2022 .2: Analysis of the overall business situation and performance of Logistics Wingo Corporation for the period 2021-2022. 47 vii TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION.
Reasons for choosing the topic. Purpose of the study. Object and Scope of the study. 4 INTRODUCTION TO WINGO LOGISTICS JOINT STOCK COMPANY.
Introduction to the company. Functions and responsibilities. Vision and mission. Organizational management system.
Functions and Responsibilities of Departments. Organization of the Accounting System. Functions and Responsibilities of Accounting Departments. Accounting Regime Currently Applied at the Company.
15 THEORETICAL BASIS OF ACCOUNTING FOR REVENUE, EXPENSE AND ANALYSIS OF BUSINESS PERFORMANCE RESULTS. General issues of revenue, costs, and analysis of business performance. Business results determination. Accounting for selling goods and provisions of service.
Accounting for revenue deductions. Accounting for cost of goods sold. Accounting for selling expenses. Accounting for General & administration expenses.
Accounting for Financial Activities. Accounting for Financial Activities Revenue. Accounting for financial expenses. Accounting for other activities.
Accounting for other income. Accounting for other expenses. Accounting for corporate income tax. Accounting for business performance.
Analyzing Overall Business Performance. 34 THE CURRENT SITUATION OF ACCOUNTING FOR REVENUE, EXPENSES, AND BUSINESS RESULTS ANALYSIS AT LOGISTICS WINGO JOINT STOCK COMPANY. Characteristics of Revenue, Costs, and Business Results at Wingo Logistics Joint Stock Company. Sales and service accounting.
Accounting for revenue deductions. Accounting for cost of goods sold. Accounting for Selling Expenses. Accounting for General & administration expenses.
Accounting for Financial Activities. Accounting for Financial Activities Revenue. Accounting for financial expenses. Accounting for other activities.
Accounting for other income. Accounting for other expenses. Accounting for corporate income tax. Accounting for business performance.
Analysis and evaluation of overall business performance of the company. 50 COMMENTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS. Basis of Comments. Reasons for choosing the topic In general, the global economic situation in 2022 has been marked by significant fluctuations, especially due to the political conflict between Russia and Ukraine, which has had an impact on the world economy as a whole and Vietnam in particular.
According to information from Mr. Phan Duc Hieu at the seminar: "Assessing the Impact of the Armed Conflict between Russia and Ukraine on Vietnam's Economy" organized by the Vietnam Economic Journal/VnEconomy on March 7, 2022, Vietnam's economy is currently facing significant challenges. The most pronounced effect on Vietnam's economy is the increase in domestic fuel prices, leading to an increase in inflation (on average, the basic inflation rate in the first 9 months of 2022 increased by 1.88% compared to the same period in 2021). According to statistics from the General Statistics Office of Vietnam, Vietnam imported nearly 10 million tons of crude oil valued at nearly $6.5 billion (an increase of 20.3% in volume and 60.5% in value compared to the same period in 2021), and imported over 7.1 million tons of petroleum products valued at $7.34 billion (an increase of 22.8% in volume and 123.8% in value compared to the same period in 2021).
At this time, domestic fuel supply only meets about 70 - 80% of demand. The increase in global fuel prices translates to an increase in domestic fuel prices, affecting business operations, production costs, and living expenses for the people. Furthermore, the challenges left behind by the pandemic continue to impact the growth of businesses. Not only has revenue decreased, but the return on equity of companies in the VNR500 ranking for 2022 has also significantly declined compared to 2021 (falling from 16.2%), leading to considerable economic differentiation in various sectors.
Additionally, the stagnation in the real estate sector and sluggish steel consumption have also affected businesses in the industry. The heaviest loss-making steel enterprise in 2022 - Pomina Steel Corporation - has released its audited financial statements for 2022, recording a revenue of 13.017 trillion VND, a 7% decrease compared to the same period in 2021. Particularly, the total revenue of the industrial-construction sector decreased by 807.7 trillion VND (from 5,551.9 trillion VND to 4,744. 1 Alongside the achievements, there are also significant challenges.
To integrate into the global economy, the number of businesses is increasing rapidly, intensifying competition. To ensure long-term survival and sustainable development in the current economy, enterprises constantly seek ways to retain customers and ensure profitability. Dinh Quang Tri - Deputy General Director of Vietnam Electricity Group - once mentioned that cost optimization is also a focus for many enterprises to maintain profit and enhance production efficiency in sustainable, long-term business by efficiently utilizing all resources and capital. Therefore, enterprises must consistently ensure the quality of their products and services to serve customers best.
At the same time, they need to establish a complete, professional organizational structure; organize management systems and accounting departments rationally; and propose solutions to improve the efficiency of accounting work regarding revenue, expenses, and business results. Analyzing business operations is crucial for every enterprise. It serves as a measure to determine the efficiency of capital and the effectiveness of business strategies, helping businesses grasp the situation, identify shortcomings in the process of purchasing, selling, and storing goods. The state can monitor the business and financial situation of enterprises, and business partners can also obtain information about the trading capabilities, supply of goods, and the operation and development of enterprises.
Thus, they can make investment decisions, provide capital, and engage in business cooperation with enterprises. Based on the urgency of integrating into the current economy, along with the importance of determining business performance reports during the operation of enterprises, the author has chosen the research topic "Accounting for revenue, expenses, and business result analysis at Logistics Wingo Joint Stock Company". Purpose of the study - Investigate information about the management structure, accounting system, and current accounting regime at Wingo Logistics Joint Stock Company. - Present the theoretical foundations of revenue accounting, cost accounting, and business performance analysis.
2 - Analyze the business performance of Wingo Logistics Joint Stock Company based on criteria such as revenue, expenses, and profits to provide an overall assessment of the company's business situation. - Evaluating the strengths and weaknesses of accounting practices while proposing solutions to enhance business performance in the future, refine revenue and cost accounting practices, and analyze business outcomes at the enterprise. Research methodology - Data research methods, and data from relevant accounting records related to business operations at Wingo Logistics Joint Stock Company such as reporting systems and company records. - The method of collecting relevant documents with signatures and seals from the enterprise to ensure the legal validity of the data in the thesis.
- Observation method, working with and learning from accountants at the enterprise. Object and Scope of the study - Research subject: Accounting for business results analysis at Wingo Logistics Joint Stock Company in 2022. - Research period: From May 2023 to October 2023. - Research scope: Investigating revenue and cost accounting practices, as well as business performance analysis, at Logistics Wingo Joint Stock Company.
The structure Aside from the introduction, conclude, reference list, and appendices, the main content of the paper consists of 4 chapters: Chapter 1: Introduction to Wingo Logistics Joint Stock Company. Chapter 2: The theoretical basis of revenue accounting, cost accounting, and business performance analysis at Logistics Wingo Joint Stock Company. Chapter 3: Current status of revenue accounting, cost accounting, and business performance analysis at Wingo Logistics Joint Stock Company. Chapter 4: Comments and recommendations.
3 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION TO WINGO LOGISTICS JOINT STOCK COMPANY 1. Introduction to the company 1. General introduction - Company name: Wingo Logistics Joint Stock Company - Abbreviation: LOGISTICS WINGO - Tax identification number: 0315873897 - Representative - Director: Do Van Thu - Date of establishment: August 29, 2019 - Business capital: 5,000,000,000 VND - Address: 61/31 Binh Gia Street, Ward 13, Tan Binh District, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. - Type of enterprise: Non-state enterprise - Website: wingo.vn - Email: hotro@wingo.vn - Phone: 0964659700 Fax: (028)99993137 - Market operation Field of operation: International express delivery services Business sectors: Other support services related to transportation such as road freight transport, sea and air freight transport, inland waterway freight transport, warehousing and storage of goods, direct support services for maritime transport, cargo handling,.
- Logo of Wingo Logistics Joint Stock Company: Figure 1.1: The logo of Wingo Logistics Joint Stock Company 4 1. Formation history Wingo Logistics Joint Stock Company was established on August 29, 2019, under business registration certificate number 0315873897 issued by the Department of Planning and Investment. It was subsequently re-registered on June 8, 2021, and re-registered again on December 9, 2021 (Appendix 01).