UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS AND LAW FACULTY OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION --- LE MY LINH FACTORS OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AFFECT ON EMPLOYEES' JOB CHOICE DECISION IN HO CHI MINH CITY Major: Business Administration Major code: 7340101 GRADUATION THESIS INSTRUCTOR Dr. Le Thi Hai Yen Ho Chi Minh city, 04/2024 UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS AND LAW FACULTY OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION --- GRADUATION THESIS FACTORS OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AFFECT ON EMPLOYEES' JOB CHOICE DECISION IN HO CHI MINH CITY Major: Business Administration Major code: 7340101 STUDENT: Le My Linh STUDENT ID: K204071533 INSTRUCTOR: Doctor. Le Thi Hai Yen Ho Chi Minh city, 04/2024 i TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS .IV LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES .3 Practical significance of the topic .6 Structure of the research. 5 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE OVERVIEW .1 General concept of CSR .2 Overview of CSR in Vietnam .3 Employees’ job choices .3 Previous studies related to the topic .1 CSR towards employees .2 CSR towards customers .3 CSR towards local communities .4 CSR towards business partners .2 Proposed research model.
22 CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHOD .3 Method defining sample size .4 Data analysis and processing methods .1 Cronbach's Alpha reliability analysis.2 Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) .3 Linear regression analysis .1 Pearson correlation analysis .2 Multiple linear regression. 29 CHAPTER 4: RESULTS & DISCUSSION .2 Statistics describe the independent variables .3 Statistics describe the dependent variables .2 Testing the reliability of the scale .3 Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) .1 Exploratory factor analysis of the independent variable.2 Exploratory factor analysis of the dependent variable .4 Correlation analysis and regression analysis .1 Pearson correlation analysis .2 Multiple linear regression .3 Testing research hypotheses.4 Standard distribution inspection.5 T-test and One-Way ANOVA analysis .1 Results of T-test for gender factor .2 Results of ANOVA analysis of age factor .3 Results of ANOVA analysis of income factor .1 CSR towards employees .2 CSR towards local communities .3 CSR towards customers .4 CSR towards business partners. 53 CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION AND MANAGEMENT IMPLICATIONS .1 CSR towards employees .2 CSR towards local communities .3 CSR towards customers .4 CSR towards business partners .3 Limitation and suggestions for future research. Descriptive statistics table.
Results of Cronbach's Alpha reliability coefficient. T-test and One-Way ANOVA. Results of EFA factors. Linear regression results.
93 iv LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS Numerical order Abbreviations English meaning 01 ANOVA Analysis of Variance 02 CSR Corporate Social Responsibility 03 C&B Compensation & Benefits 04 EFA Exploratory Factor Analysis 05 HCMC Ho Chi Minh City 06 KMO Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin 07 Sig Significance 08 SPSS Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 09 VIF Variance Inflation Factor v LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2.1 Impacts of corporate social responsibility.2 Proposed research model.2 Normal P-P plot of regression standardized residual. 49 LIST OF TABLES Table 2.1 Likert scale with 5 levels .1 Descriptive statistics of the demographic factor .2 Descriptive statistics of the independent variable .3 Descriptive statistics of the dependent variable .4 Cronbach's Alpha index .5 KMO results of the independent variable .6 Table of total variance explained for independent variable factors .7 Rotated matrix factor table for independent variable .8 KMO results of the dependent variable .9 Table of total variance explained of dependent variable .10 Rotated matrix factor table for dependent variable .12 Multiple regression model .13 The ANOVA model .14 Testing the implicit assumptions of linear regression .15 Multivariate linear regression analysis .16 Results of hypothesis testing .1 Rationale “The corporate social responsibility (CSR) of businesses is more and more important. Nowadays, companies participate in CSR initiatives to address societal demands, boost economies (Garriga et al. 2004; Saeidi et al.
2015), meet societal needs (Porter et al. 2006), support individuals, and social communities. Many companies in the world purposefully engage in CSR initiatives in order to develop and build their reputation in an effort draw in clients (Lai et al. 2010; McWilliams et al.
2006), and create an employer brand to draw in potential candidates (Bhattacharya et al. “The employer reputation is a reflection of the company's image as an employer perceived by potential candidates and current employees, especially due to its standing as an excellent place to work.” (Houghton et al. It can be concluded that companies with better reputations will be easier in attracting talented people and retaining them longer. However, a research by Thanh et al.
(2018) shows that, in Vietnam, many businesses do not clearly understand the definition of CSR, as well as the benefits it brings. This not only makes employers struggle to find candidates, but also causes them to spend a large amount of money on other ineffective methods (Hoang et al. Other companies do not know how to apply CSR into their business strategies, causing their reputation to tarnish in the current competitive environment. In addition, companies with inappropriate CSR procedures run the danger of losing talent and incurring higher recruitment expenses as they have to make up for their damaged image and persuade potential employees to join them despite the risks (Burgess, 2016).
With the goal of understanding employees' attitudes toward factors in CSR strategies, the author chose to research the topic "Factors of corporate social responsibility affect on employees' job choice decision in Ho Chi Minh City". Through the research, the author can point out CSR factors that affect employees' decisions to choose a workplace, thereby providing practical solutions to help businesses attract more talented candidates.1 General objectives This topic includes 3 general objectives as follows: Firstly, the author will research theory to come up with a research model on whether corporate social responsibility (CSR) affect the decision to choose a workplace in HCMC. This research is conducted in a short time, so the author only take a few important factors. After that, the author will analyze and determine the degree of every component in the domain of CSR that affects the decision to choose a workplace of workers in HCMC.
At the end of the research, some recommendations will be given to increase the decision-making in employees' occupation and work efficiency through CSR activities at businesses in HCMC.2 Specific objectives Through the process of finding materials for this topic, the author realized that there are very few studies on CSR in Vietnam, as well as the correlation between them and the decision to choose an employee's workplace. The author wants to find out whether workers in HCMC consider to CSR aspect when looking for a job, or whether a company that implements good CSR strategies can retain them. From the above explanations, a novel point of this research is that it will show systematicity, present information about the influence of factors, and verify hypotheses about factors of corporate social responsibility affect on workplace decision in HCMC. From there, the author will provide appropriate recommendations and suggestions for businesses to improve their CSR strategies to attract more talents.3 Practical significance of the topic Firstly, the topic has given an overview of the importance of social responsibility activities in businesses based on the theoretical and empirical perspectives of previous studies and the author’s research model.
From there, this report evaluated the employees' decisions by determining the influence of CSR factors on job decision. The topic also demonstrates the potential development of CSR strategies. In addition to testing the influence of CSR factors on the decision to choose a workplace, the research is also 3 practical and supports businesses in identifying and collecting true attitudes and behaviors towards CSR, as well as employee reactions to CSR strategies by analyzing data through quantitative methods. At the end, this research has provided recommendations to help companies have more options to improve their CSR strategies to increase company recognition, an important factor to help attract customers attract many potential candidates.3 Research subjects Research about factors of corporate social responsibility (CSR) at businesses in Ho Chi Minh City affect on employees' job choice decisions.4 Research scope Space: This study was conducted in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC), focusing on working-age population (15 - 61 years old) living and working here.
The author chose HCMC for the research location because it will help reduce costs in collecting questionnaires. In addition, HCMC is more populous than other Vietnamese cities. It can be said that the population in HCMC is somewhat representative of the overall sample, if the model can be expanded to other cities or provinces. Time: The primary data in this study was conducted from January to March 2024 while the secondary data was referred from a long period of time.
The reason the author took sources from many years is because there are quite a few studies on the field of CSR in Vietnam. The author also used some other sources around the world to supplement the research.1 Preliminary study The author conducted independent research and gathered resources on the topic, including scientific research projects that addressed similar subjects from both local and international sources. Throughout this process, the author developed a foundational research framework and appropriate measurement instruments. Additionally, the author seeks guidance from instructor who has in-depth knowledge about CSR and made necessary modifications to the measurement scale.2 Formal study The author will use quantitative research method and follow the steps below Step 1: By synthesizing the findings of relevant studies, the author identify the factors influencing CSR and construct a questionnaire; Step 2: Using Google Forms with the questionnaire sent directly to respondents through Email, Zalo, Facebook.
Data is collected from the research subjects, who are workers in Ho Chi Minh City, to assess the impact of each factor in the field of CSR on their workplace choices. Step 3: The data collected from the questionnaire is compiled using Excel software. The SPSS software (version 27.0) will be used to carry out descriptive statistics and regression analysis. Next, the author will use Cronbach's Alpha, EFA analysis (to investigate factors), Pearson's correlation coefficient (determine the degree of association of linear relationships) and then employ the simple linear regression (to determine the degree of influence of factors).
Additionally, the model includes One- Way ANOVA and T-tests to examine variations in the demographic components.6 Structure of the research The structure consists of five main chapters, together with a list of abbreviations, a list of figures and tables, conclusion, references, and appendices. Chapter 1: Introduction Chapter 2: Literature review Chapter 3: Research method Chapter 4: Results and discussion Chapter 5: Conclusion and management implications 5 Chapter Summary 1 In chapter 1, the author gave the reasons for choosing the topic in this thesis. This study will identify the CSR factors that influence the employees' job choices in Ho Chi Minh City. Then, the study proposes recommendations for businesses to make CSR strategies more efficient and attract more talents.
The structure of the article is built according to: (1) Introduction to the research problem; (2) Overview of the research situation; (3) Research methods; (4) Results and discussion; (5) Conclusion and recommendations. 6 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 General concept of CSR Until now, there have been two main perspectives on CSR: Some support the view that businesses should only focus on their core business activities and not be concerned with other issues. Those who advocate for this perspective believe that businesses should ensure the efficiency of their operations, regardless of other factors. In this view, environmental and social responsibilities typically belong to responsibility of the state.
Zahed (2022) has pointed out that businesses, in addition to seeking profit, also have a responsibility towards their surroundings. In the research of Matten et al. (2008), they specifically pointed out the subjects that CSR has an impact on, however they also affirmed that the four objectives: employees, customers, community, and partners are more important than the others. This is because businesses cannot exist independently or develop without these supportive factors, as they are directly related to businesses.
Based on this observation, this research will also focus on these four subjects.