MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HO CHI MINH CITY UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND EDUCATION FACULTY OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING GRADUATION THESIS MAJOR: BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING DESIGN OF A GEL CARD READER FOR BLOOD GROUPING TESTS ADVISOR: Assoc. NGUYEN THANH HAI STUDENT’S NAME: TRUONG HOANG GIA BAO STUDENT ID: 16129007 STUDENT’S NAME: NGUYEN MINH DUC STUDENT ID: 16129017 SKL 0 0 7 8 2 7 HO CHI MINH CITY, JANUARY 2021 do an HO CHI MINH CITY UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND EDUCATION FACULTY OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS - BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING --------------------------------- GRADUATION THESIS MAJOR: BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING PROJECT NAME: DESIGN OF A GEL CARD READER FOR BLOOD GROUPING TESTS Advisor: Assoc. NGUYEN THANH HAI Truong Hoang Gia Bao Student ID: 16129007 Nguyen Minh Duc Student ID: 16129017 do an HO CHI MINH CITY UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND EDUCATION FACULTY OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS - BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING --------------------------------- GRADUATION THESIS MAJOR: BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING PROJECT NAME: DESIGN OF A GEL CARD READER FOR BLOOD GROUPING TESTS Advisor: Assoc. NGUYEN THANH HAI Truong Hoang Gia Bao Student ID: 16129007 Nguyen Minh Duc Student ID: 16129017 Ho Chi Minh City, January 2021 do an HCMC UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND EDUCATION THE SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM Faculty of Electrical & Electronics Engineering Independence – Freedom– Happiness Department of Electronics Industrial-Biomedical Engineering Ho Chi Minh City, January 20, 2021 MISSION Student name: Trương Hoàng Gia Bảo Student ID: 16129007 Nguyễn Minh Đức Student ID: 16129017 Major: Biomedical Engineering Major ID: D520212 Type of training: Regular full time Code: 1 Year: 2016 Class: 161290 I.
GRADUATION PROJECT: II. Initial resources: ● Raspberry Pi 4B. Implementation: ● Use a Python programming language. ● Design PCB and make a power supply board.
● Design and make a 3D model. ● Design the entire model of the project. ● Self-evaluate the entire project. DATE OF DELIVERY: 07/10/2020 IV.
DATE OF COMPLETION: 20/01/2021 V. ADVISOR NAME: Assoc. NGUYEN THANH HAI ADVISOR DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS INDUSTRIAL- BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING v do an HCMC UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND EDUCATION THE SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM Faculty of Electrical & Electronics Engineering Independence – Freedom– Happiness Department of Electronics Industrial-Biomedical Engineering ----o0o---- Ho Chi Minh City, October 28, 2020 SCHEDULE Student name: Trương Hoàng Gia Bảo Student ID: 16129007 Student name: Nguyễn Minh Đức Student ID: 16129017 Class: 161290 Graduation project: Design of a Gel Card reader for blood grouping test. Lecturer Week Task description confirm Week 1st - Meet the advisor to listen to the request for doing (October 12 - a project, choose a project topic.
October 18) Week 2nd (October 19 - - Advisor reviews topic. October 25) Week 3rd - Write an abstract of the selected topic: what the (October 26 – topic purpose is, the design request, the limits of the November 1 ) topic. Week 4th & week 5th - Research into a theoretical basis of the project on (November 2 - many resources. November 15) Week 6th & week 7th - Buy components, make the power supply board.
(November 16 – - Design the prototype and conduct experiments. November 29) Week 8th & week 9th - Design software, hardware for the product and (November 30 - conducting experiments. December 13) Week 10th & week - Check the product's accuracy with actual samples 11th and recalibrate. (December 14 - - Write the thesis report.
December 27) vi do an Week 12th & week 13th - Continue conducting experiments. (December 28 – - Complete the model and the thesis report. January 10) Week 14th & week - Submit the final version of the thesis report and 15th report the thesis. (January 11 - - Submit to the advisor for the last inspection.
January 24) Week 16th (January 25 – - Make a presentation. January 31) ADVISOR (Sign and write your full name) vii do an GUARANTEE We guarantee that this project is our research, under Assoc. NGUYEN THANH HAI 's guidance. The results published in this project are honest and are not replicated from any other work.
Students: Nguyễn Minh Đức Trương Hoàng Gia Bảo viii do an ACKNOWLEDGMENTS In order to complete this graduation project, the first words of our group would like to say sincere thanks to Assoc. NGUYEN THANH HAI for his dedication that helps us a lot in order to accomplish our project. In the process of doing this thesis, Dr. Hai not only provides us useful knowledge but also trains us to have a serious attitude in scientific research, which is very necessary for the career path later.
The group would like to thank the teachers in the Department of Industrial Electronics - Biomedical Engineering for providing the best conditions for us to complete the topic. Besides, we would like to thank all the lecturers who taught us foundation knowledge in the previous semesters for the group was able to complete the project. Thank you to Ms. Huong, Head of Laboratory Department - Thu Duc General Hospital, to provide Gel Card samples for us to complete this project.
Thank you to Nghia Tin Medical Equipment Co., Ltd, to support the group with the equipment and ideas to implement the topic. Ngo Thien Ha - Deputy Director of Duong Phu Technology Co., Ltd has provided the group facilities and equipment to implement the project. Thank parents, for your hard-working in raising us to school. The more extended the period spending on working, the more we understand the suffering of our parents.
Finally, we would like to express our sincere thanks to the people who have contributed and helped the group to implement this project successfully. Sincerely thanks! Ho Chi Minh City, January 20, 2021 Students Nguyễn Minh Đức Trương Hoàng Gia Bảo ix do an TABLE OF CONTENTS Cover. ixi Table of contents. ixii List of figures.
x List of tables. BRIEF SUMMARY OF THESIS. TYPES OF HUMAN BLOOD. GEL CARD METHOD AND TYPE OF GEL CARDS .1 Gel Card method .2 Type of Gel Cards.
IMAGE PROCESSING ALGORITHM.2 Edge detection method. IMAGE CAPTURING DEVICES .2 Description of power supply. DESIGN AND CALCULATION. CALCULATION AND DESIGN.1 Block Diagram Of An Capturing Device .2 Image Capturing Device .3 Central Processing Unit .4 Image Display and Peripherals .5 Calculation of Power Supply .6 Case designs for the Gel Card Reader.
FLOWCHART AND PROGRAM ALGORITHM .1 Functional summary of Gel Card Reader .3 A flowchart of agglutination level and blood type. PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION. CONNECTION OF SYSYTEM PARTS .1 Assembly of the Power Supply.2 Execution of The Power Supply .3 Inspection of The Power Supply. EXECUTION THE CASE OF GEL CARD READER .1 User Interfere Design .1 Python Programming Software.2 Image processing program.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION .3 System modelling result .5 Result of Gel Card Reader .55 viii do an 5. FUTURE WORKS AND CONCLUSION .57 REFERENCES APPENDIX ix do an LIST OF FIGURES Figure Page Figure 2. The ABO blood grouping system (Source: Wikipedia). Gel Card and parts inside the Gel Card tube.
Interpretation of results. Sample of Forward grouping Gel Card. Dilation in image processing (Source: www. Raspberry Pi 4B (Source: www.
Block diagram of the system. Block diagram of the switching power supply. Schematic of noise filter and primary voltage rectifier circuit. Schematic of pulse generator circuit.
Schematic of secondary voltage rectifier circuit. Schematic of secondary voltage feedback circuit. Schematic of switching power supply circuit. Frontside (a) and backside (b) of the base holder.
The frontside (a) and backside (b) of the Gel Card Reader case. The connection of the entire project Interpret connection diagrams. Flowchart of Gel Card Reader system. A flowchart of agglutination level and blood type.
Image area is cropped in Gel Card (red border). The result after image cutting in Gel Card Reader. RGB to HSV diagram. Results after converted image from RGB to HSV.
The selectable color threshold for filtering. Image after processed with threshold. Determine binary image area and draw contour. The value belong x and y axis of center point in binary image.
Flowchart of blood type determination in Gel Card Reader. The top side (a) and bottom side (b) of PCB. The 5 Volt switching power supply .39 x do an Figure 4. The inspection output voltage of power supply board.
Base holder (a) and case (b) of Gel Card Reader. Graphic User Interface of Gel Card Reader. PyCharm IDE for python programming. Gel Card GUI is built on QT Designer.
Input, output jacks of the switching power supply. Measure output voltage when the load is connected. GUI of a Gel Card Reader. Gel Card Reader system.
Sample is put into Gel Card Reader. The Result interpretation. Wrong Gel Card recognition. The result interpretation (Sample 1: O- ; Sample 2: B+).
The result interpretation (Sample 1: A+ ; Sample 2: B-). DG Reader of GRIFOLS. Gel Card Reader and GRIFOLS’s DG Reader Comparison .55 xi do an LIST OF TABLES Table Page Table 2. Raspberry Pi all generations comparison.
The consumption power of the circuit. Electronic component of the input filter and rectifier circuit. Electronic component of pulse generating circuit. Electronic component of secondary voltage rectifier circuit.
Electronic component of secondary voltage feedback circuits. Electronic component of the switching power supply board. Outputs/Inputs voltage of power supply testing. The Accuracy and Efficiency of Gel Card Reader ………………….…54 xii do an ABSTRACT Subject "Design of a Gel Card Reader for blood grouping tests." will have the function of reading Gel Card in the blood group test, identifying faulty Card and managing patient information.
Here use a unique feature, agglutination of the gel columns, to calculate the results. Results of the project have identified Gel Card in different blood types and have high accuracy. First, the Gel Card image will be captured by the camera after manipulating the user interface. The data is then transferred to the Raspberry Pi 4B for image processing for input processing and result computation.
The results will be displayed on the user interface. Also, the system has the function of saving results to manage patient information. xiii do an CHAPTER 1. PROBLEM STATEMENT Health plays a vital role in our lives.
Now blood testing has become an important area, including biochemical testing, hematology, blood clotting, and blood grouping. It detects early signs of abnormalities in the blood and tends to treat promptly. From centuries ago, the discovery of inadequacies in blood transfusion prompted scientists to find the reason for not transfusing blood from person to person. In 1901, Karl Landsteiner, who is an Austrian doctor, an essential individual in blood transfusion, for the first time discovered three human blood types A, B and O.
One year later, the 4th blood type (AB) recorded by A. More than 40 years later, a factor considered to be the leading cause of blood transfusion reactions (Rh factor) was discovered by Karl Landsteiner, Alex Wiener, Philip Levine and RE Stetson. Along with the ABO blood type system, the Rh factor is seen as a breakthrough in blood banking [1]. In the last century, the blood grouping test consisted of two main methods: testing on enamel slabs and in vitro.
These methods have the advantage of being simple, easy to manipulate, cheap in price but have the disadvantage of easy technical errors and confusion in administrative procedures, depending on the user's skills and qualifications. Yves Lapierre developed Gel technology in blood grouping to minimize the problems occurring compared with the old method. The Gel Card is considered the most popular form to be the most effective in blood grouping in hospitals, clinics and laboratories [2]. A Gel Card Reader was invented and used to determine the blood grouping.