MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HANOI OPEN UNIVERSITY M.A THESIS USING GROUP WORK ACTIVITIES TO IMPROVE LEARNERS’ ENGLISH SPEAKING SKILLS AT AN ENGLISH CENTER IN HANOI Sử dụng hoạt động nhóm để nâng cao kĩ năng nói tiếng Anh cho người học tại một trung tâm tiếng Anh ở Hà Nội DAO THI MINH LY Field: English Language Code: 8220201 Supervisor: Dr. Dang Nguyen Giang Hanoi - 2023 DECLARATION BY AUTHOR I, the undersigned, hereby certify my authority of the study project report entitled “Using group work activities to improve learners’ English speaking skills at an English center in Hanoi” submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master in English Language. Except where the reference is indicated, no other person’s work has been used without due acknowledgement in the text of the thesis. Hanoi, November, 2023 Đào Thị Minh Lý Approved by SUPERVISOR (Signature and full name) Date:.
i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude and deep appreciation to Đặng Nguyên Giang, Ph. D, my supervisor, for his helpful and warm encouragement as well as his insightful comments on my work from the beginning to the end of my study. Another special word of thank would go to other lectures of the Faculty of English at Hanoi Open University for their encouragement and help in supplying material for me to complete my thesis accomplished. I also wish to thank each one of the members in my class for always there for me from the commence to terminate.
Last but not least, I would like to thank my family for the sacrifice they have devoted and it was only with their love and support that I could complete this dissertation. This study cannot avoid limitation so I wish to receive comments to make it better. ii ABSTRACT The study was conducted with the aim of improving the motivation and English speaking ability of students at an English center in Hanoi using group work activities. There are many different communication activities, and group work activities are one of many, the use of group work activities seems to be one of the most effective teaching techniques.
It gives students more opportunities to practice the target language. My research participants are 27 students in the class I am teaching. To achieve the research objectives, an action research project was carried out. Survey questionnaires and interviews were used to measure students' motivation levels.
In addition, to clearly see the change in students' speaking level after applying group work activities during speaking time, the test are also used as a data collection technique. Research results show that group work activities largely increase students' motivation during speaking hours. In addition, the research results also showed that after applying group work activities during speaking class, many students' scores improved in the post-test. Although there are not many changes, it proves that group work activities are an effective and practical teaching method.
iii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ALC: Active Language Classrooms CLT: Communicative Language Learning ELT: English Language Teaching ESL: English as a Second Language No: Number Ss: Students iv LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES Figure 4. Students’ levels of motivation in speaking periods 41 Figure 4. Students’ levels of interest when participating in group work activities. Students’ preferences for group work activities 43 Table 4.
The score of pre-test and post-test 41 Table 4. Students’ comments on group work activities 45 v TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION BY AUTHOR. iii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS. iv LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES.
Aims and objective of the study. Scope of the study. Significance of the study. Structure of the Study.
3 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW. The role of speaking in teaching and learning. Characteristics of a successful speaking activity. Factors affecting students' performance in speaking activities.
Activities in speaking lessons. Traditional ways of teaching speaking. Stages in a speaking lesson. The roles of teachers and learners in the classroom.
Group work activities. Definitions of Group work. Group work formation. Common group work activities in teaching speaking.
Advantages and disadvantages of group work activities. Previous studies oversea. Previous studies in Vietnam. 30 CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY.
Data collection instruments. Definition of Action research. Rationale of using action research. Steps to conduct.
40 ii CHAPTER 4: FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION. Results and analysis from tests. Results and analysis from questionnaires. Results and analysis from interviews.
III APPENDIX 3: THE STUDENTS’ ANSWERS FOR INTERVIEWS. V APPENDIX 4: PRE-TEST. VI APPENDIX 5: POST-TEST .VIII APPENDIX 6: TEST SPECIFICATION. X APPENDIX 7: LESSON PLAN .XIII APPENDIX 8: THE FORMULA OF MEAN.
XVII iii LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES Figure 4. Students’ levels of motivation in speaking periods 41 Figure 4. Students’ levels of interest when participating in group work activities. Students’ preferences for group work activities 43 Table 4.
The score of pre-test and post-test 41 Table 4. Students’ comments on group work activities 45 iv CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1. Rationale Today, our country is in the stage of industrialization and modernization with the aim of comprehensive development in all fields: economic, cultural, and social, in which education is one of the fields. Receiving great attention from the Party, State and people.
In recent years, our country has been carrying out comprehensive reforms in professional living methods, especially English teaching methods in schools and centers to improve quality and efficiency. Previously, the main method was one-way transmission, the teacher read and the students copied, so the teaching method did not train creative and proactive thinking for learners. However, today, thanks to the development of science and technology and the integration with advanced education systems in the world, we have been applying advanced methods and modern means to the process. Teaching aims to promote positivity, self- discipline, initiative, and creative thinking of learners, taking the learner as the center.
Among different skills of learning English language, speaking is one of the most important skills to address and improve when learning the English language since it is an effective mode of communication. This ability, however, is regarded as one of the most challenging components of language learning. Despite the fact that many students in Vietnam have been studying English for years, they still struggle to express themselves in English. As a result, how to increase students’ capacity to speak English so that they can converse smoothly is an essential aim in today’s foreign language curriculum.
1 In Vietnam, the use of group activity methods in the process of teaching English, especially for Speaking skills, has been applied in many places. However, at the center where I am teaching this method is still very new and has not been applied in the teaching process. So, I decided to apply this method to the class I was teaching. During the teaching process, I will also focus on the students' attitudes when exposed to new methods.
Aims and objective of the study The purpose of this project is to help students at an English center in Ha Noi improve their speaking skills. In order to achieve the aim, the study is expected to reach the following objectives: - To demonstrate the effectiveness that the group work activities method brings to students. - To ascertain student’s attitudes on using group- work activities in the classroom while teaching speaking lessons. Scope of the study The purpose of this study was to examine the efficacy of using group work activities in speaking courses and the attitudes of the 27 students participating in it at an English center in Hanoi.
The study did not address other abilities like listening, reading, or writing since it only looked at the usefulness of group work activities in speaking sessions. What extent do group work activities affect students’ speaking skills? 2. What are the students’ attitudes towards group work activities in speaking lessons? 2 1. Research methods In order to achieve the aim, action research procedures are used in the study.
The data will be collected via survey questionnaire, interviews, and tests. Significance of the study Theoretically, to implement this method, I have researched and consulted many documents, including books, newspapers, dissertations, and especially consulted with instructors at the school. which I am studying. The information and definitions that I mention in my thesis are quoted from official, verified documents.
Therefore, the accuracy and reliability of the thesis have been determined. In terms of practice, this thesis generally helps teachers and lecturers gain more information about new teaching methods, thereby helping in the teaching process and increasing the effectiveness of lectures. For students, there will be more excitement in the process of learning English, they will be more confident when speaking, improve team work skills, presentation skills and improve vocabulary. From there, it stimulates students' interest in English.
The lecture will maximize its effectiveness. As for students, they will be more proactive in the learning process, especially speaking skills. Besides, it will increase the cohesion between students in class because they often work and interact together. Above are some theoretical and practical contributions of the thesis that I made.
Structure of the Study This study consists of 5 chapters: Chapter 1: Beginning with the introduction which deals with the rationale and the structure of the study including the aims and objective, 3 scope, research questions, research methods, significance and structure of the study. Chapter 2: Providing the Literature Review, giving information related to Speaking skill and Group work activities Chapter 3: Pointing out the methodology. Data collection instruments, data collection procedure and data analysis procedure are also introduced. Chapter 4: the Findings and Discussion, describing the results and analysis of data in details Chapter 5: Conclusion – providing the summary of the main issues and some pedagogical implications.
This chapter also include limitations and some suggestions of further studies. 4 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 2. Definition The way a language is utilized is referred to as a person's abilities or language skills in the context of language education and learning. According to Richards et al.
(1992), there are four language skills: listening, speaking, reading, and writing. Speaking is one of the most crucial abilities in the teaching and acquisition of a foreign language, and English in particular, since it is seen to be the foundation for communication (Ur, 1996). However, several linguists have developed a number of speaking notions. In the oral method, speaking is the most useful ability.
Speaking is a useful talent that encompasses a variety of elements, including grammar, strategy, sociolinguistics, and discourse, according to Chastain (1998) Nunan (2003) defines speaking as "the productive oral skill" which is generated by the learner of a language in speech. Speaking is composed of using verbal systematic utterances to express meaning. Bailey (2005) also states that speaking is a verbal and productive skill and consists of systematically- produced oral utterances. Nonetheless, Burns and Joyce (1997) as well as Brown (1994) have a different view that speaking can be understood as an interactive process of meaning construction that is associated with producing, receiving and processing information.
According to Kayi (2006), speaking refers to the disparity between language knowledge and instructional methods. Linguistic competence is concerned with the structure and content of languages. Teaching speaking is not the same as teaching listening, reading, and writing. Because it is a 5 genuine conversation and speaking is a productive talent, it must be practised as much as feasible.
For approximately twelve years, students in Palestine are expected to read English at the elementary, intermediate, and upper secondary levels. However, their degree of competence is inadequate. They enrol universities for undergraduate programmes with limited English competence. Speaking is defined as "the process of creating and sharing meaning in a variety of contexts through the use of verbal and nonverbal symbols" (Chaney, 1998, p.