BO GIAO DUC VA DAO TAO TRUONG DAI HOC KINH TE TP. HO CHi MINH UEH UNIVERSITY CONG TRINH DU THI GIAI THUONG ĐỀ TÀI MÔN HỌC XUẤT SẮC UEH500 NAM 2023 TÊN CÔNG TRÌNH: A SURVEY ON FACTORS THAT CAUSE DIFFICULTY FOR UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN ONLINE LEARNING ĐÈ TÀI THUỘC KHOA/VIỆN: TOÁN — THONG KE MSDT (Do BTC ghi): TP. Hỗ Chí Minh - 2023 Abstract: In recent years, learning plays an important role in our daily lives, which is always appreciated in all fields. In this modern era, besides studying in traditional ways like before; nowadays, more and more modern equipment is being invented to meet our demands, especially in learning.
Thanks to those new updates, people can study whatever or whenever they want without going to class. Between 2012 and 2019, the number of distance-only students at traditional universities increased by 36 percent. Besides that, with the outbreak of the Covid-19 epidemic, all human activities, especially, learning is limited. Therefore, online learning has been applied more.
People can study at their home and interact with their teachers through learning platforms. Online learning is increasingly improving, helping students to be more autonomous in their learning. However, online learning still has many obstacles for students. For these reasons, we carried out this survey to analyze the general model about the factors that cause difficulty for students in online learning.
Our group surveyed 127 participants from different universities in Ho Chi Minh City. There are 5 barriers that we propose in this project: Technological barrier, Psychological barrier, Economic barrier, Environmental barrier, and Social interaction barrier. The study found that there are 2 main barriers that have the most impact on university students’ online learning: Economic barrier and Psychological barrier. Our group proposed some suggestions for universities and educational institutions to these challenges based on the results.1 Background and Reason (Problem statement) For a couple of decades now, technological advancements have resulted in many changes in people's habits, from shopping to eating, as well as substantial improvements in schooling.
Because of the Covid-19 epidemic in 2020 and 2021, we can see a significant transition from traditional learning to online learning. From 2011 Il to 2021, the number of learners reached by massive open online courses (MOOCs) increased from 300,000 to 220 million (Dhawal Shah, 2021) while the circumstances of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 rapidly accelerated that growth by an additional 92 percent (IPEDS, 2020). Ahuge number of learners and educators are required to participate in online learning worldwide. It is widely accepted that online learning has significant advantages.
Online learning enables universities to reach learners at a distance, increases convenience, and expands educational opportunities; it also offers students such advantages as accessibility, flexibility, equality, collaboration, and active learning. Online learning allows participants regardless of age, gender, and education level to participate in learning activities. Despite the numerous benefits that online learning brings to our education system, barriers to the effectiveness of this method are still present. We want to better understand what barriers students face the most when attempting to learn online, and ultimately how we can help individuals in their learning by understanding their particular obstacles.
This research will summarize barriers to online learning and, thus, serve as a suggestion for students and teachers to improve the online learning experience in the future.2 Aim of research Given the growing importance of online learning and its applications in the university environment, it is critical to understand the barriers that act upon it. The purpose of this study was to determine factors that have the most negative impact on college students’ experience with online classes. This will enable students and educators to focus on the most critical potential barriers to successful online learning implementation and provide students as well as educators with suggestions for these problems.3 Research question - What barriers did students encounter during taking online classes? IH - Which of the barriers to online learning has the greatest impact on the experience of students? 1.4 Research scale, sample, and object Research scale - Time: The research is conducted in 10 days, from April 04th, 2023 to April 12th, 2023. - Place: Ho Chi Minh City Research sample: 127 students from universities in Ho Chi Minh City.
Research object: Elements that make online learning challenging for university students.5 Research contribution -Theoritical aspect: Identify and provide evidence for factors that contribute to difficulties experienced by university students in online classes. Moreover, contribute to the development of the understanding of the intersection of the barriers to online learning, and their impact on academic outcomes. -Practical aspect: Provide insights for educators and administrators about the challenges students face in online classes, which could inform the design of online courses and the provision of support services. The research also aims to help ensure that university resources and support are directed towards the areas of greatest need, based on evidence about the factors that contribute to difficulty for students in online classes.
Table of contents: Contents CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION. Background and Reason (Problem statemen). Aim of research. ceeeee cece eects ceeeeeececneeeeteeeeesenneeetecaeeeesieeeetnineeetnnneeeeeees II 1.
Research Question oo. cccccccccccccceccceecceeeceeeeeeeeeeeees cece eesseesssaaeesessaeeaaeeeaeeeeaeenes II 1. Research scale, sample, and object. - -- cv 2v vn ren Il 1.
c1 HT TH TH TT KT ghe lII Table Of 01 6 n6 ca. lII CHAPTER II: THEORETICAL BASIS.L HT HH HH TT KT TT nen KT TT TK TH kkk 6 “289-009 0 a4. Proposed research model:. -- - -- c2 1 2110111111 1v v1 ve 8 CHAPTER III: THE METHODOLOGY.
- Đ 0S 22211221121 112 HH ghe 10 CHAPTER IV: RESEARCH RESULT:. L2 2-1 1222 12H HH Hà nhe 17 4. Descriptive statistics of survey sample:.1 General information of parficipanfs. nh HH Hee 17 4.2 Learning platform usage .- ------c c0 0 0n n HH HH HH HH HH n TH HT TH nen 18 LÍ: TP - caadaaaaiiiiiiiiiaÝŸ.
Analytical data from key quesfiOns .cccccnn HH n HH HH HH HH nhe 22 4.1 Reliability test: Cronbach’s Alpha. EFA— Exploratory factor analySIS.- TQ TQ n SH HH HH HH nn nghe he 30 4.-- - c nh TH TH HT TH KT TT kh 37 4. Q00 0202 n HT nn HH TH gu ket 37 4. c2 22 H2 nọ net 44 CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION.--c cà nnnsseehrrre Error! Bookmark not defined.
cece cece ---aiAA TA. 48 Appendix 1: The content of the SUFV©V. Q00 Q00 Qn HH n HH HH Hn TH Tnhh ng t2 key 48 5. Yếu tố tâm lý.
: 2121 111111111111111 0101111111111 1010111 011011101 00110111 g 55 Appendix 2: Result of Cronbach Alpha. HS HT SH Tn ng HH khe Hay 56 Appendix 3: Result of EFA. HH TK 62 Appendix 4: Result of Pearson Correlation and Regression Analysis. 74 CHAPTER 2: THEORETICAL BASIS 2.1 Related research Our group’s project took inspiration from another survey that was conducted by Nguyen Thi Bich Lien.
The top 3 most participated universities were Nguyen Tat Thanh University, University of Finance — Marketing (UFM), and University of Economics (UEH) with 33,3%; 14,4%; and 11,8% participation rates respectively. After calculations are made for each barrier it is shown that: Economic barrier: College students rate the scale as moderate which means that they do not see the economy as a barrier that bothers them too much when studying online. 7 There is also no difference in how students feel about this barrier that is from different universities and different courses. Social interaction barrier: The impact of this barrier on online classes is rated by college students as “quite impactful”.
The analysis shows that there is a big difference in how college students feel about this barrier that are from different universities and courses. Psychology barrier: “Lack of concentration” is the factor rated highest in this category (3,97). This is a common problem for every individual that participates in online classes. The analysis shows that there is a major in how each student rates the barrier.
Environmental barrier: A major drawback of studying online is that it fully relies on an Internet connection, which means that if your electricity cuts out or your Internet connection is unstable, it will have an impact on your studies and affect your academic performance. College students regard this as the most impactful barrier. The survey shows that 4 main barriers affect online studying: Psychological barrier , Economic barrier, Environmental barrier, and Social interaction barrier.2 Definitions: - Barrier: Barriers to online learning are obstacles encountered during online learning (at the beginning, during the program, and upon completion of the training), which can have a negative impact on people's learning experience study (Mungania, 2004). The influence on online learning is very diverse such as psychological, economic, social, and technical (Balakrishnan, 2012).
- Online learning: Online learning is a method of distributing learning materials and content based on modern electronic tools that are implemented entirely through a learning management system (LMS) such as Blackboard, WebCT, and Moodle. Most of the interaction 8 between teachers and students, the interaction between students is done with the support from learning management systems (Bender, 2003). In a typical online classroom, each student has an account to access wherever and whenever they want. Popular learning activities on the online learning system include participating in discussion forums, watching instructional videos or lectures, reading materials posted by instructors, submitting homework, taking tests, or practicing the language.
In this learning environment, computers provide learners with all kinds of resources they need based on learners’ choices and feedback.3 Proposed research model: Technological barrier Economic barrier \Y Social interaction barrier Difficulty in online classes Environmental barrier Psychological! barrier 2.1: Technological barrier: According to Wong in 2007, one of the biggest barriers used for online learning is technological barriers. These barriers do not only stem from schools but also from the learners. To be more convenient in learning online, learners need to have some basic appliances such as laptops, computers, phones, etc. Therefore, the technological 9 barriers to online learning are the lack of equipment.
Besides that, (2) technology is still the main barrier to online learning. Therefore, our proposed hypothesis is: H1: Technological barrier has a positive impact on Difficulty in online classes 2.2: Economic barrier: The lack of financial aid is one of the biggest economic barriers to online learning. Besides that, the core element in online learning is technology, which is very expensive for learners; therefore, this factor is considered one of the significant economic barriers. Therefore, our proposed hypothesis is: H2: Economic barrier has a positive impact on Difficulty in online classes 2.3: Interaction barrier: Interaction plays an important role in online learning.
Thanks to interaction, students are stimulated in learning, leading to great improvement in their learning and their abilities in joining other online classes. However, some learners have difficulty communicating in class, so they feel no connectivity and feelings with their lecturers and lessons. The differences between online and offline interaction become a concern and a barrier for the learners with this learning method. Therefore, our proposed hypothesis is: H3: Interaction barrier has a positive impact on Difficulty in online classes 2.4: Environmental barrier: With the importance of studying online, a large number of students have difficulty in their learning space.
Most of the students study at their home but with families not having their private learning space, it is difficult for them to have an ideal place to 10 study. The effect of the place, noise, surrounding, etc also has a significant impact on student performance. Therefore, our proposed hypothesis is: H4: Environmental barrier has a positive impact on Difficulty in online classes 2.5: Psychological barrier: Learners often feel worried, depressed, and embarrassed and really want to receive a quick reply from lecturers about the lessons, exercises, and responsibilities of online classes. The lack of motivation when studying online, and the lack of confidence in their capacity and skills in technology are factors leading to the psychological barrier of learners when joining online classes.