FOURTH EDITION WORLD LINK DEVELOPING ENGLISH FLUENCY 4 JOHN HUGHES LEARNING Australia • Brazil • Canada • Mexico • Singapore • United Kingdom • United States WLTB_L4_FM_ptg01.indd 23 22/01/21 2:57 PM LEARNING National Geographic Learning, © 2021 Cengage Learning, Inc. a Cengage Company ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this work covered by the copyright herein may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, except as permitted by U. copyright law, without the prior written World Link Level 4: Developing English Fluency, permission of the copyright owner.
Fourth Edition “National Geographic”, “National Geographic Society” and the Yellow Border Publisher: Sherrise Roehr Design are registered trademarks of the National Geographic Society Executive Editor: Sarah Kenney ® Marcas Registradas Senior Development Editor: Margarita Matte Director of Global Marketing: Ian Martin For permission to use material from this text or product, Heads of Regional Marketing: submit all requests online at cengage.com/permissions Charlotte Ellis (Europe, Middle East and Africa) Further permissions questions can be emailed to Irina Pereyra (Latin America) permissionrequest@cengage.com Senior Product Marketing Manager: Caitlin Thomas Student’s Book Content Project Manager: Beth Houston ISBN: 978-0-357-50225-9 Media Researcher: Stephanie Eenigenburg Student’s Book + My World Link Online ISBN: 978-0-357-50226-6 Cover/Text Design: Lisa Trager Art Director: Brenda Carmichael National Geographic Learning Operations Support: Hayley Chwazik-Gee, 200 Pier 4 Boulevard Avi Mednick, Katie Lee Boston, MA 02210 Manufacturing Planner: Mary Beth Hennebury USA Composition: MPS North America LLC Locate your local office at international.com/region Visit National Geographic Learning online at ELTNGL.com Visit our corporate website at www.com For audio, video and other content go to https://eltngl.com/worldlink4e/ Student Resources Username: WL4e_student Password: ngl_worldlink Teacher Resources Username: worldlink4e_teacher Password: ngl_worldlink4e Printed in China Print Number: 01 Print Year: 2020 WLTB_L4_FM_ptg01.indd 24 22/01/21 2:57 PM Acknowledgments Thank you to the educators who provided invaluable feedback throughout the development of the World Link series: Asia Michael Jake Arcilla, Aii Language Center, Phnom Penh; Fintan Brennan, Meisei University, Tokyo; Tyler Burden, Meisei University, Tokyo; Catherine Cheetham, Tokai University, Tokyo; Will Fan, Xiamen Wanda, Xiamen; Mark Firth, Oberlin University, Machida; Hiroshi Fukuda, Jumonji University, Niiza; Thomas Goetz, Hokusei Gakuen University, Sapporo; Helen Hanae, Reitaku University, Kashiwa; Louis Liu, Meten English, Shenzen; Shaun McLewin, Hanseo University, Seosan; Raymond Monk Jr., Meten English, Dalian; Donald Patterson, Seirei Christopher University, Hamamatsu City; Mongkol Sodachan, Rangsit University, Pathum Thani; Robert Wright, Meten English, Chengdu; Elvira Wu, Meten English, Quanzhou; I-Cheng Wu, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan City; Xie Yu, SFLEP, Shanghai; Vince Zhang, Thinktown, Hangzhou; Vivi Zhang, Xiamen Wanda, Xiamen Latin America Anthony Acevedo, ICPNA, Lima; Jorge Aguilar, Centro de Estudios de Idiomas UAS, Culiacan; Lidia Stella Aja, Centro Cultural Colombo Americano, Cali; Ana Laura Alferez, Instituto Domingo Savio, Mexico City; Lúcia Rodrigues Alves, Seven, Sao Paulo; Alessandra Atarcsay, WOWL Education, Rio de Janeiro; Isabella Campos Alvim, IBEU Copacabana, Rio de Janeiro; Ana Berg, Ana Berg EFL School, Rio de Janeiro; Raul Billini, Santo Domingo; Isabela Villas Boas, Casa Thomas Jefferson, Brasilia; Lourdes Camarillo, Escuela Bancaria Comercial, Mexico City; Cinthia Castañeda, Centro de Idiomas, Coatzacoalcos; Enrique Chapuz, Universidad Veracruzana, Coatzacoalcos; Giseh Cuesta, MESCyT, Mexico City; Carlos Fernández, ICPNA, Lima; Vania Furtado, IBEU Copacabana, Rio de Janeiro; Mariana Garcia, BUAP, Puebla; Jeanette Bravo Garonce, IPA Idiomas, Brasilia; Luiz Henrique Bravo Garonce, IPA Idiomas, Brasilia; Fily Hernandez, Universidad Veracruzana, Coatzacoalcos; Manuel Hidalgo Iglesias, Escuela Bancaria Comercial, Mexico City; Dafna Ilian, ESIME, Azcapotzalco; Rubén Jacome, Universidad Veracruzana, Coatzacoalcos; Beatriz Jorge, Alumni, Sao Paulo; Gledis Libert, ICDA, Santo Domingo; Rocio Liceaga, International House, Mexico City; Elizabeth Palacios, ICPNA, Lima; Emeli Borges Pereira Luz, UNICAMPI, Sao Paulo; Patricia McKay, CELLEP, Sao Paulo; Victor Hugo Medina, Cultura Inglesa Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte; Maria Helena Meyes, ACBEU, Salvador; Isaias Pacheco, Universidad Veracruzana, Coatzacoalcos; Miguel Rodriguez, BUAP, Puebla; Nelly Romero, ICPNA, Lima; Yesenia Ruvalcaba, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara; Eva Sanchez, BUAP, Puebla; Marina Sánchez, Instituto Domingo Savio, Mexico City; Thais Scharfenberg, Centro Europeu, Curitiba; Pilar Sotelo, ICPNA, Lima; Rubén Uceta, Centro Cultural Domínico Americano, Santiago De Los Caballeros; Italia Vergara, American English Overseas Center, Panama City; Maria Victoria Guinle Vivacqua, UNICAMP, Sao Paulo United States and Canada Bobbi Plante, Manitoba Institute of Trades and Technology, Winnipeg; Richard McDorman, Language On Schools, Miami, FL; Luba Nesteroba, Bilingual Education Institute, Houston, TX; Tracey Partin, Valencia College, Orlando, FL Acknowledgments | iii WLTB_L4_FM_ptg01.indd 25 22/01/21 2:57 PM SCOPE AND SEQUENCE WARM-UP UNIT LESSON VOCABULARY LISTENING GRAMMAR VIDEO COMMUNITY P. 2 LESSON A Capital Pool Community (circle Interviews Defining and Making Friends Checkers p. 3 of friends, keep in describing an non-defining p. 4 touch, walks of life ) event p.
7 LESSON B News report about Generations Quantities an indigenous Subject-verb 1 p. 13 THE WORKING WEEK P. 16 LESSON A A Conference Work-life balance A meeting about Dynamic and Work-Life Balance Call p. 17 (performance, ways of working stative verbs p.
18 morale, burn out ) p. 18 LESSON B Work skills for the Get / have / need Skills and Personal future p. 23 qualities (patience, motivation, confident, something p. 30 LESSON A The Man, the Problem solving Ways of Suggesting, Solving Problems Myth, the Cube (reach a decision, brainstorming expressing p.
33 opinion, and make up your mind ) giving advice LESSON B p. 35 Creative People about women 3 p. 37 Creativity (creativity, conflict, inventors p. 40 Ability in the past p.
37 REAL WORLD LINK 1 World Festivals p. 44 THE SECOND SELF P. 46 LESSON A Amber Case: Being online (data Interview on how Wish / if only Digital Footprints Caring for Your trail, social media, to disappear p. 48 Second Self search engines, past) p.
48 Lecture on LESSON B identifying fake Past unreal True or False? Catfishing (fake, news p. 53 deceive, truth, fictional, steal ) p. 60 LESSON A Your Memory Memory (retain, Description of Past habits: used Memory under Stress recall, retrieve, refresh, mementos p. 63 to and would p.
65 Driving lessons LESSON B Learning (look up, and tests p. 70 Verbs + -ing or Learning pick up, drop out, infinitive p. 67 sign up, hand in ) p. 74 LESSON A A Thousand Drama (set, Interview Adverbs On Screen Words p.
74 scenery, special about invented of manner, p. 76 effects, episode, languages p. 77 comment, place, plot ) p. 76 time, and focus LESSON B Description of the p.
79 In Books Descriptive shapes of stories 6 p. 84 Narrative tenses copy, look, stare ) p. 81 REAL WORLD LINK 2 Reviews Are In! p. 88 iv WLTB_L4_FM_ptg01.indd 26 22/01/21 2:57 PM UNITS 1–6 ACTIVE ACADEMIC PRONUNCIATION SPEAKING READING WRITING GLOBAL VOICES ENGLISH SKILL Pausing in non- Talking about Can An opinion Talk about Understanding K.
David Harrison: defining relative your weekend; Millennials paragraph communities p. 8 words from Talking Dictionaries clauses p. 7 Omitting words Unplug in the p. 12 Stressed syllables Ways of Blood, A cover letter Talk about work p.
22 Key words Hannah Reyes p. 24 Talk about skills and Overcoming Interviewing qualities p. 28 Open / Closed Challenges p. 28 Stress and pausing Collaborating What A biography Talk about bad habits Using time Jennifer Adler, in formal speech p.
36 references Sylvia Johnson, p. 38 Talk about problem Getting Creative solving p. 43 Contracted forms 1 Using fillers p. 50 Fact and A news Talk about online Inferring Alex Sigrist: Advice p.
57 Fiction in article p. 52 meaning from to My Younger Self Asking and Photos p. 59 explaining how Talk about a something works newspaper report p. 58 Describing imaginary situations p.
57 Linking (consonant Hedging p. 64 Learning the A reflective Talk about memory Key details K. David Harrison, + vowel) p. 67 Language of learning techniques p.
70 Aziz Abu Sarah, Giving advice Comedy p. 72 Laurel Chor, Victor on exam Talk about exam Zea Díaz: Language preparation preparation strategies Learning p. 72 Stressing adverbs Repetition in The Journey A short story Talk about a film p. 80 Improve your Andrés Ruzo: My in sentences p.
79 the form of to Thanjavur p. 86 vocabulary Grandfather’s a question; (an extract Tell a story p. 87 Talking about a from the film you saw or novel The Descriptive book you read; Tyre) p. 78 Scope and Sequence |v WLTB_L4_FM_ptg01.indd 27 22/01/21 2:57 PM SCOPE AND SEQUENCE WARM-UP UNIT LESSON VOCABULARY LISTENING GRAMMAR VIDEO DESIGN THINKING P.
90 LESSON A The Story of Adjectives Documentary The passive 1 Materials Plastic p. 91 to describe on the uses of (tenses and p. 92 resources with bamboo p. 95 -able suffix LESSON B (sustainable, Effective solutions The passive 2 Urban Spaces disposable, p.
97 SCIENCE FACT AND FICTION P. 104 LESSON A Science Fiction Science Report on modes Future forms Predictions Inspires the (experiment, theory, of transportation with will p. 106 Future of evidence, outcome) p. 106 Connectors: LESSON B Presentation reason, result, Cause and Effect Cause and effect on “Science and purpose 8 p.
118 LESSON A What It Is Like Things we Four situations Comparative Humans to Live in a do (shivering, related to the forms (with p. 120 World Without swallowing, staring ) body and senses adjectives and Smells p. 123 LESSON B Animals Onomatopoeic Radio show about Modifying 9 p. 129 REAL WORLD LINK 3 Business Ideas p.
132 KEEP IT LEGAL P. 134 LESSON A Cows vs. Crime Crimes and News reports Modal verbs for Crime p. 136 robber, smuggling / possibility p.
144 Reported speech The Law Judgment (court, p. 141 jury, defendant, case ) p. 148 LESSON A The World’s Consumption Interview on how Negative and Consumers Largest (make a deal, to haggle p. 150 Wholesale retailers, bargain, questions p.
150 Conversations LESSON B related to food Question tags Food for Thought Food idioms p. 155 POINTS OF VIEW P. 162 LESSON A To Scale: The Place descriptions Travel writer talks Determiners Amazing Places Solar System (stunning, exceptional, about staycations p. 165 Cleft sentences LESSON B For and against Conversations p.
173 Express Your (have doubts, object expressing 12 Opinion p. 169 to, believe in, in favor of ) p. 172 REAL WORLD LINK 4 Interview Skills p. 176 vi WLTB_L4_FM_ptg01.indd 28 22/01/21 2:57 PM UNITS 7–12 ACTIVE ACADEMIC PRONUNCIATION SPEAKING READING WRITING GLOBAL VOICES ENGLISH SKILL Intonation in Being precise; Urban A report p.
102 Make guesses about Writing facts T. Culhane: passive reporting Finding out Planning objects p. 103 clarification Present plans p. 94 Contracted forms ’ll Pointing Why Do A “for and Talk about differences Supporting Robert Wood: The and ’ve something out We Get against” p.
106 Impact of Miniature p. 117 Does Explain reasons p. 116 Referring to Science Have evidence p. 112 The schwa sound Linking words Weird Animal A summary of Talk about brags and Understanding Ben Mirin: Inspired / / p.
122 Questions data (based bluffs p. 124 connotation by Animal Voices p. 120 and People results) p. 130 Talk about survey p 131 results p.
137 Speculating When An Talk about Identifying Malaika Vaz: The p. 138 “Happy announcement punishment p. 140 reference Impact of Our Birthday” p. 147 Went to Talk about rules p.
142 Rising or falling Hedging in The Etiquette A letter of Talk about selling new Recording Alex Sigrizt: Small intonation p. 159 making a deal of Eating complaint products vocabulary Changes p. 150 Talk about complaints p. 160 Linking sounds Showing Women in A speech Talk about ads Determiners What’s the Most p.
167 Beautiful Thing You p. 166 Have Ever Seen? Talk about p. 174 Scope and Sequence | vii WLTB_L4_FM_ptg01.indd 29 22/01/21 2:57 PM UNIT 1 ABOUT THE PHOTO Photographer David Ramos, who is based in Barcelona, took this amazing picture in Tarragona, a port city in Catalonia in the northeast of Spain. Tarragona hosts the Santa Tecla festival every year, which brings many visitors from near and far.
The photo shows the live construction of a human tower, or castell, one of the festival’s most popular spectacles.