MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HO CHI MINH CITY UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND EDUCATION GRADUATION THESIS ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING DESIGN AND CONTROL PLC FOR CNC MACHINE PROCESSING INSTRUCTOR: LE HOANG LAM STUDENT: HOANG TUAN ANH SKL013067 Ho Chi Minh City, June 2024 HO CHI MINH CITY UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND EDUCATION FACULTY OF INTERNATIONAL EDUCATION - - - úû - - - GRADUATION PROJECT DESIGN AND CONTROL PLC FOR CNC MACHINE PROCESSING SUPERVISOR: LE HOANG LAM STUDENT’S NAME: STUDENT ID: HOANG TUAN ANH 19142063 MAJOR: ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING ACADEMIC YEAR: 2019 – 2023 THE SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM Independence – Freedom– Happiness -------- Ho Chi Minh City, June 20, 2024 GRADUATION PROJECT ASSIGNMENT Student name: Hoàng Tuấn Anh Student ID: 19142063 Student name: __________________________ Student ID: ___________________ Student name: __________________________ Student ID: ___________________ Major : ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS Class: 19142CLA1 ENGINEERING Supervisor: Lê Hoàng Lâm Phone number: _________________ Date of assignment: 19/06/2024 Date of submission: 20/6/2024 1. Project title: Design and control PLC for CNC machine processing 2. Initial materials provided by supervisor: ___________________________________ 3. Content of the project: _________________________________________________ 4.
Final product: ________________________________________________________ CHAIR OF THE PROGRAM SUPERVISOR (Sign with full name) (Sign with full name) THE SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM Independence – Freedom– Happiness -------- SUPERVISOR’S EVALUATION SHEET Student name: Hoàng Tuấn Anh Student ID: 19142063 Student name:. Major: ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING Project title: Design and control PLC for CNC machine processing Supervisor: Lê Hoàng Lâm EVALUATION 1. Content of the project:. Approval for oral defense? (Approved or denied).
Ho Chi Minh City, June 20, 2024 SUPERVISOR THE SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM Independence – Freedom– Happiness -------- PRE-DEFENSE EVALUATION SHEET Student name: Hoàng Tuấn Anh Student ID: 19142063 Student name:. Major: ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING Project title: Design and control PLC for CNC machine processing Name of Examiner: Nguyễn Văn Thái EVALUATION 1. Content and workload of the project. Approval for oral defense? (Approved or denied) .) Ho Chi Minh City, June 27 ,2024 EXAMINER (Sign with full name) THE SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM Independence – Freedom– Happiness -------- EVALUATION SHEET OF DEFENSE COMMITTEE MEMBER Student name:.
Name of Defense Committee Member:. Content and workload of the project .) Ho Chi Minh City, June 30, 2024 COMMITTEE MEMBER (Sign with full name) ACKNOWLEDGMENTS To be able to complete the graduation project with the best results and mark an important milestone in 4 years of university study with the knowledge accumulated during the past university study. I have received the support and help of many agencies, organizations, and individuals. With deep affection, allow me to express our deep gratitude to all the individuals who have facilitated help in the process of studying and researching the thesis.
First of all, I would like to thank the lecturers of the FACULTY OF INTERNATIONAL EDUCATION at The University of Technology and Education for their respectful greetings, health wishes, and deep thanks. With the attention of teaching and the guidance of lecturers, I have been able to complete the project, the project: <Design and control PLC for CNC machine processing=. I would like to express our sincere thanks to Mr. Le Hoang Lam for accepting the idea of my topic and also for enthusiastically guiding and supervising our team during the implementation process of the topic and also supporting equipment so that I can make the project more complete.
Additionally, I would like to extend my deepest gratitude to my family, who have consistently provided encouragement and care throughout the process of preparing this graduation thesis. Their steadfast support has fueled my ongoing dedication to pursue excellence on my academic journey. Finally, I wish to acknowledge my seniors, classmates, and all individuals in the research community for their collaboration in sharing knowledge and experiences, which greatly assisted me in executing this project. Sincerely thanks! i ABSTRACT The project provides an overview of how CNC machines work.
It includes Mitsubishi devices such as Power Supply, PLC, inverter, input and output signals and various sensors. The purpose is to install and control the PLC to engrave on a flat surface and use the barcode to scan the pattern that is desired to be addressed. To accomplish this, it is necessary to create a control interface on the GOT2000 to monitor and control the program you want to execute. ii TABLES OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS.
ii LIST OF FIGURES. vi LIST OF TABLES. ix CHAPTER 1: OVERVIEW OF THE TOPIC. 3 CHAPTER 2: Theoretical Foundation .1 Introduction to CNC Machines: .1 Concept of CNC Machines: .2 Structure and Operating Principles of CNC Machines: .3 Applications of CNC Machines: .4 Advantages of PLC .5 Disadvantages of PLC .1 Overview of Servo Motor .8 Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) .1 Overview of Variable Frequency Drive .2 Construction of Variable Frequency Drive .9 Interface between operator and PLC .2 Components of HMI construction .10 Handheld barcode reader .1 Overview of handheld barcode reader .2 Features of handheld barcode reader.
25 CHAPTER 3: DESIGN AND SYSTEM CONSTRUCTION. 40 CHAPTER 4: Algorithms and Programs .2 Model and Algorithm Description .1 CNC Machine Startup .4 CNC Drilling Program on Circular Path .5 Scale Analog Output Signal .3 GX Works2 Software: .4 MT Developer2 Software .5 DataMan Tool Setup Software .6 SolidWorks and SolidCam.7 HMI Screen Interface GT2708-VTBA. 63 CHAPTER 5: Conclusion and Development Directions .3 Upgrade machining model: .4 Equip cooling system: .5 Equip automatic tool change system: .6 Design protective devices: .7 Develop complex CNC sample machining using Motion CPU Q173CPUN:. 72 v LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2.1 XK7124 3-axis automatic tool changing CNC machine.2 CNC machine structure .3 CNC applications in precision mechanical engineering .4 CNC applications in shaping wood products .5 CNC letters for advertising signs .6 CNC mold casting .7 CNC PCB fabrication.8 Right-hand rule.9 Components of PLC Structure .10 Interface between Motion CPU and PLC CPU .11 Mitsubishi Servo Motor Series .12 The Mitsubishi encoder .15 Driver Servo MR J2S of Mitsubishi .16 Basic Configuration of SSCNET Network System .17 Mitsubishi Variable Frequency Drives .18 Mitsubishi HMI screen .19 Handheld barcode reader from Cognex .1 Design of Mitsubishi Modular Rail System .2 Diagram of control modes of the variable frequency drive .3 Analog mode diagram of the variable frequency drive .18 Setting parameters of the inverter .4 Circuit Breaker Distribution Wiring Diagram .5 Sensor Wiring Diagram .6 Wiring diagram for brake and inverter .7 Wiring diagram between Driver and servo motor .8 Device configuration in the Q173CPU(N) system .9 Wiring diagram connecting PLC and Servo Driver using SSCNET I network .10 CNC machine frame and X-axis table .12 Z-axis and spindle .13 Arrangement of components and wiring connections .1 Flowchart for CNC Machine Startup .2 Flowchart of Motion Program.3 Flowchart for CNC Pattern Selection using Barcode .4 Flowchart for Drilling Holes on a Circular Path .5 Coordinates of drilling holes on a circular path .6 CPU configuration in GX Works2 .7 Memory Area Setup in GX Works2 .8 Declare modules in the parameter .9 Choose CPU MT Developer2 .10 Setting up memory sharing between 2 CPUs .11 Device configuration in MT developers .12 Interface for connecting barcode reader with DataMan Setup .13 Types of barcode readers that can be recognized .14 Setting up communication configuration between barcode reader and HMI .15 Barcode data formatting .16 Selecting machining blank dimensions .17 Creating machining cut face .18 Creating machining cut face of logo .19 Configuring CNC machine in SolidCam .20 Choosing the origin point for CNC workpiece coordinates.21 Exporting G-code file.22 Uncleaned G-code from SolidCam .23 G-code interface in MT Developer2 .25 Main screen interface .27 Hole drilling interface on a circular path .28 Hole drilling interface on rectangular perimeter .29 G-code execution screen .30 1D barcode reading area from Barcode reader .1 CNC milling text .2 Custom drilling on circular/perimeter rectangle .3 Custom drilling on logo.
69 viii LIST OF TABLES Table 3.1 The technical specifications of CP32FM .2 Technical specifications of CB CP30-BA AC .3 The specifications of Base Q312B .4 The specifications of the Q61P power supply .5 Specifications of CPU Q02HCPU .6 Technical specifications of PLC Q173CPUN .7 Technical specifications of QX40 input module .8 Output Module Specifications of QY42P .9 Wiring diagram and output configuration of QY42P module.10 The specifications for the Analog module Q62DAN .11 The specifications for the HC-KFS13 .12 The specifications for the HC-KFS23 .13 The specifications for the HC-KFS13 .14 The specifications of the MR-J2S-10B .15 The specifications of the MR-J2S-20B .16 The technical specifications of the FR-E720-0.17 The technical specifications of the 24 VDC .18 Setting parameters of the inverter .20 HMI GT2708-VTBA. 39 ix GRADUATION THESIS SUPERVISOR LE HOANG LAM CHAPTER 1: OVERVIEW OF THE TOPIC 1.1 Problem Statement: In the current Industry 4.0 era, integrating technology into manufacturing and optimizing production time is essential for improving efficiency and product quality. CNC (Computer Numerical Control) machines are modern devices widely used in industries such as machine manufacturing, automation, and mold making. Controlling CNC machines requires high precision and the ability to perform multiple tasks simultaneously.
Hence, there is a demand for using PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) to control CNC machines effectively. Although CNC machines are advanced and widely applied in manufacturing industries, selecting the right CNC model for each product type often consumes significant time and effort for users. In this research project, I utilized the COGNEX barcode reader to process 1D barcode images. This reader swiftly and accurately decodes barcodes, maximizing efficiency in CNC model selection.
Based on these reasons, I chose the research topic "Design and Application of PLC in CNC Machine Control" to investigate and implement. The aim is to understand PLC, CNC machines, and how to efficiently integrate them. I also hope that the research results will contribute to the development and application of CNC technology in manufacturing, integrating advanced technologies to create intelligent and flexible production processes that save time and enhance product quality, thus positively impacting modern industrial production. 1 GRADUATION THESIS SUPERVISOR LE HOANG LAM 1.2 Research Objectives: The objective is to construct a CNC machine model focusing on integrating Motion CPU with CNC machines to control precise movements on axes, developing control software and interface to interact and communicate accurately with the Motion CPU as required.
Additionally, to research and apply barcode technology in selecting suitable product models to optimize production time and quality.3 Research Methodology: The research methodology includes: Collecting and studying relevant literature on CNC machines, especially aspects related to structure, operational principles, and practical applications. Studying specialized literature on PLC, particularly Mitsubishi PLC, and related devices like Servo Drivers and Servo Motors. These sources provide a theoretical foundation for control systems. Regular discussions with the advisor to receive guidance, feedback, and adjust the research direction to ensure correct implementation and achieve desired outcomes.
Recording and analyzing data from experiments to evaluate the effectiveness of the control system and compare results against technical standards and objectives.4 Research Subject: Hardware devices include: • Mitsubishi's Motion CPU and control expansion modules • Servo motors paired with ball screws • MR-J2S-10,20B servo driver • FR-E720-0.4K inverter • Q62DAN Analog Module for inverter control. 2 GRADUATION THESIS SUPERVISOR LE HOANG LAM • Languages and working interfaces: • G-code programming language, ladder logic • Working software includes: GX Work2, GT Designer 3, MT developer2, DataMan Tool.5 Research Content: Chapter 1: Overview of the Topic. Provides an overview of the research topic, problem statement, research objectives, methodology, thesis structure, research subjects, and scope. Chapter 2: Theoretical Foundation.
Covers the theoretical foundations including CNC machine concepts, structure and operational principles, PLC modules focusing on Mitsubishi PLC, servo motors, driver controls, kinematics calculations, and G-code programming language. Chapter 3: System Design and Construction. Details hardware implementation steps, device selection and installation, wiring diagrams, and algorithms. Chapter 4: Algorithms and Programs.
Explains steps to control CNC machines via Motion CPU to execute machining operations from G-code files and customize machining parameters as needed. Chapter 5: Conclusion and Future Directions.