VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST- GRADUATE STUDIES NGUYỄN THỊ LƯƠNG USING A VOCABULARY WEBSITE TO INCREASE THE VOCABULARY SIZE OF IT WORKERS IN HANOI (Việc sử dụng trang web từ vựng để gia tăng vốn từ của nhân viên IT tại Hà Nội) M. MINOR PROGRAMME THESIS Field: English Teaching Methodology Code: 8140231.01 Hanoi, May 2019 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST- GRADUATE STUDIES NGUYỄN THỊ LƯƠNG USING A VOCABULARY WEBSITE TO INCREASE THE VOCABULARY SIZE OF IT WORKERS IN HANOI (Việc sử dụng trang web từ vựng để gia tăng vốn từ của nhân viên IT tại Hà Nội) M. MINOR PROGRAMME THESIS Field: English Teaching Methodology Code: 8140231.01 Supervisor: Trần Thị Thu Hiền, PhD Hanoi, May 2019 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com DECLARATION I hereby declare that the thesis entitled “using a vocabulary website to increase the vocabulary size of IT workers in Hanoi” is my own work and effort and that it has not been submitted to any other university or institution wholly or partially. Hanoi, May 2019 Nguyễn Thị Lương i TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This research has been accomplished with the support and encouragement of many people.
Hence, I hereby would like to express my appreciation to all of them. Firstly, I would like to express my sincere thanks to my supervisor, Trần Thị Thu Hiền, PhD for her great assistance and guidance throughout my research. Secondly, I also like to show my profound gratitude to the Faculty of Post- Graduate Studies for the valuable lectures and precious support without which I would be unable to overcome difficulties during the time my research was carried out. Besides, I would like to give my whole-hearted thanks to my students in my tutor class for their enthusiastic participation in my research.
Without their help, I would not have been able to complete this paper. Last but not least, I owe a great debt of gratitude to my beloved family whose support and encouragement have always been a great deal of motivation that has helped me to overcome all problems to complete my thesis. Nguyễn Thị Lương ii TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AR: Action research CARE: (Information quality categories in) contents, accessibility, representation and education EFL: English as foreign language ICT: Information communication technology IQ: Information quality L1: First language L2: Second language URL: Uniform Resource Locator WFE: Website for education iii TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION. iii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS.
iii LIST OF TABLES. Rationale of the study. Aims and objectives of the study. Scope of the study.
Significance of the study. Methods of the study. Organization of the thesis. Vocabulary in Foreign Language Acquisition.
Definition of vocabulary. Principles of vocabulary learning. Difficulties in learning vocabulary. Approaches to teaching and learning vocabulary.
ICT application in vocabulary acquisition. Definition if ICT. Role of ICT in education. Potential use of ICT in vocabulary learning.
Definition of vocabulary websites. Evaluation criteria for vocabulary websites .24 iv TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail. Context of the study. Rationale of uing AR.
Participants of the study. Data collection instruments and procedure.1 The pre-test and post-test. The research stages .1 Identifying the problem. Post-intervention stage.
FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION. The progress in increasing students’ vocabulary by using the vocabulary websites. Result of the pre-test. Result of the post-test.
Result of the questionnaire. I APPENDIX A: PRE-TEST. I APPENDIX B: POST TEST. IV APPENDIX C: QUESTIONNAIRE.
VI APPENDIX D: Word List. VII v TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com LIST OF TABLES Table 4. The vocabulary pre-test. The vocabulary post – test result.
The results of students’ questionnaire answers .40 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 3. Types of research methodology. Ernest Stringer’s AR model (in Mills, G 2003, p.3 Detailed AR model. The overall mean score in pre-test and post-test .39 vi TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com ABSTRACT This study investigated the potential effect of using a vocabulary website on increasing vocabulary size.
The research aimed to figure out whether the use of vocabulary instruction website could help widen IT students’ vocabulary and to identify students’ attitude towards using the website instead of their traditional way. In order to accomplish these purposes, 15 students who are IT workers in one of my tutor classes in Hanoi were selected to participate in the study. All the students learned to take TOEIC exam to meet their company requirement which is 700 TOEIC and they came from the same linguistic background. To achieve this target in a short period of time, the students focus mainly on increasing the passive vocabulary.
Three data collection instruments were employed, namely pre-test/post- tests and questionnaire. After one month, the post-test and a questionnaire were administered. The analysis of the data collected revealed that the students made encouraging progress in boosting vocabulary size by using the vocabulary website; besides, according to the result of the questionnaire these IT workers were more motivated to learn vocabulary than they usually do. Key words: vocabulary learning, vocabulary increase, information communication technology (ICT) vii TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.
Rationale of the study Undoubtedly, English has become the global language which is used widely all over the world, at school and for entertainment and tourism and especially at work. Among many other elements to master before one can have communicative competence at English, vocabulary plays one of the most significant roles. “One thing that students, teachers, materials writers, and researchers can all agree upon is that learning vocabulary is an essential part of mastering a second language. However, the best means of achieving good vocabulary learning is still unclear, partly because it depends on a wide variety of factors” (Schmitt, 2008).
Wikins argued (1972) that “Without grammar very little can be conveyed, without vocabulary nothing can be conveyed.” Oxford (1990a) pointed out that language learners typically have significant difficulty remembering large vocabularies. Over the past recent years, numerous studies have examined English learning, and most emphasized the importance of vocabulary learning to English learning (DeCarrio, 2001). An excellent vocabulary is beneficial to inferring meaning from English sentences (Harmon, 1998, 2002; Rupley, Logan & Nichols, 1999). Nonetheless, countless learners who learn English as a second language have always found learning vocabulary frequently as a challenging and boring task to do because they are too busy with their work, social relationships and family; not to mention that most of them cannot memorize words as well as young learners, especially with long or infrequently used words.
In addition, learning vocabulary is supposed to do by themselves at home, and then it requires lots of autonomy and self-motivation. Last but not least, forgetting learned vocabulary is another serious problem during learning English vocabulary. Forgetting is the loss of information over time. People typically recall information better just after learning than after a long delay.
Ebbinghaus (1985), based on experimental result, proposed the forgetting curve. However, memory strategies help learners to overcome forgetting. Memory 1 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com strategies enable learners to store and retrieve information when needed. Oxford (1990a) subdivided memory strategies into following four types creating mental linkages; applying images and sounds; reviewing; and, employing actions.
However, as a teacher, the researcher often sees the lack of strategies students in learning vocabulary. While English has become the most important second language in non- English speaking countries, developing modern assistive learning forms or tools that support effective English learning has been a crucial issue in language English education field. Besides work books and other written resources, technology integrated language teaching provides a lot of materials for language learners as well. Websites might be regarded as online teaching tools which can be very effective resources both for learners and teachers.
While teachers cannot spend a sufficient amount of time to teach vocabulary regularly at class, making use of some vocabulary website equipped with lots of organized learning tools can be a wise choice. Using some particular vocabulary sites to learn new words, teachers can recommend students with appropriate range of words and can keep track of student’s vocabulary size as well as be able design some more relevant activities or tasks at class. In other words, these websites can work as an efficient teaching and learning tool. Besides, we are living in a time of high technology that almost every adult owns at least one smart mobile phone or tablet which is easily accessible to the Internet, students feel free to learn at their convenience, which is perfect for busy workers such as IT employees.
The students that the researcher teaches are IT workers who are learning English for TOEIC exam. In a regular TOEIC test, there are two skills being tested, namely listening and reading; besides, this is a multiple-choice test then students who learn for the test rather than for a direct communicative purposes. Last but not least, the website chosen for the research on is https//: quizlet. Its reputation has been stated with over fifty million users active every month.
It is creatively designed for a variety of levels and subjects. The website 2 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com let the students learn the words they choose by inputting them into the site and it will create activities, tests and games with those words. Whereas, traditionally, students often find it uninteresting to learn vocabulary with flashcards or repeat the word in writing or speaking, but with these websites they can learn, do test and play games. Words are presented with picture and spoken by native speaker.
The website also marks the students on each words they learn and give them more tasks for the words they tend to miss. With such varied qualities, students are more likely to find it interesting to learn vocabulary. For such those reason, the researcher has chosen this matter to conduct the study. Aims and objectives of the study This research aims at using a vocabulary website to encourage adult students who work for an IT company in order to increase their vocabulary size.
In order to achieve the aim, the researcher points out some main objectives as below: - Investigating to what extent using the vocabulary website suggested by the researcher increases the students’ vocabulary size. - Identifying the students’ attitude towards the use of vocabulary websites for improving their vocabulary size 1. Research questions In a nutshell, the researcher is going to answer two following questions: 1. To what extent does using a vocabulary website improve the IT workers’ vocabulary size? 2.
What is the attitude of the IT workers towards the use of vocabulary websites for improving vocabulary size? 1. Scope of the study There are many aspects of learning vocabulary to be investigated; however, this study is narrowed down to identify the effect of using a vocabulary website to increase the number of words and mainly focus on vocabulary retention in short- term memory in order that adult students of a small-scale class can make use of it for a specific target (the TOEIC test in this case). Therefore, the use and 3 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com improvement of the vocabulary size for other purposes like communication would not be discussed in this study. Significance of the study Needless to say how important the role that vocabulary learning and teaching plays is to language learners, teachers and linguistics; this study might make be taken advantage in the following aspects.
In term of theory, the study would make some certain contribution to the field of vocabulary teaching and learning as well as information technology application into language learning.