THE UNIVERSITY OF BOLTON A study of impact of social media influencers on customer buying decision for VNG Corporation Lecturer : Dr. David Ratcliffe Supervisor : Ms. Begum Asma Student‟s name: Nguyen Tu Nguyet Vy Student‟s ID: 2124792 Email: ntv5ocd@bolton.uk Course : BSc Business Management Date : 1 May 2023 1 Acknowledgement First, I would like to thank the organizations as well as the individuals who have helped me in the process of studying and training at university. Thanks to that, I can equip myself with knowledge for the future.
This is also my last subject at university, so I appreciate it and try my best to complete it. To complete the dissertation, I would like to thank Mr. David Ratcliffe, Ms. Begum Asma, Ms.
Pham Thi Tuyet Trinh, University of Bolton, and Banking University for creating opportunities for learning, training, knowledge, and skills to perform during the course. This dissertation was conducted over a period of more than 2 months. At the beginning of my research, I also had difficulties because it was my first time doing this research for such a long time and it required a lot of knowledge and skills. Although I've tried, I'm sure there will be shortcomings.
Therefore, I am always ready to listen to teachers' suggestions to improve my knowledge. Finally, I wish all of teachers a lot of health and joy in life so that you can contribute to the education industry in the future. 2 Table of contents Page Chapter 1 Introduction 1.2 Overview of the game industry and research context of Vietnam.4 About VNG Corporation and research context. 10 Chapter 2 : Literature Review 2.1 Social Media Influencers (SMIs) .2 Social Media Influencers‟ reputation dimensions .3 Fishbein and Ajzen's theory of Reasoned Action- TRA.4 Philip Kotler's model of customer behavior.5 Disadvantages of SMIs .6 The conceptual model and hypothesis.
20 Chapter 3 : Research methodology 3.3 Methods of data collection .5 Triangulation, validity and reliability. 33 Chapter 4 : Data analysis and interpretation 4.2 Information about data coding .3 Sumarizing characteristics of testers .4 Analysis of Descriptive statistics.5 Analysis of One Sample T-test and Independent T-test .1 One Sample T-test .6 Check the reliability of the scale using Cronbach's Alpha .8 Multiple linear regression analysis. 42 Chapter 5 : Discusion and conclusion 5.3 Conclusion and limitation of study. 61 4 Table and Figure Figure 1: BSI Top 10 Vietnam‟s Influencer on social media February 2023 Figure 2: Theory of Reasoned Action- TRA.
Figure 3: Model of the customer purchase decision-making process in five stages (Kotler and Keller, 2012) Figure 4: The conceptual model "Study the impact of social media influencers on customers' purchasing decisions for VNG Corporation" Table 1 : Variables coding Table 2 : The scale table of variables Table 3 : The brief result of descriptive statistic Table 4 : The brief result of One-sample T-test Table 5 : Group Statistics Table 6 : Results of Independent T-test of observed variables of the factor Table 7 : The brief result of checking reliability of Cronbach‟s Alpha Table 8 : The brief result of checking Pearson correlations Abbreviations VNG : Vinagame VND : Vietnamdong IM : Influencer Marketing SMIs : Social Media Marketing BSI : Best social influencer 5 Abstract Purpose : The purpose of the study is to evaluate the influencing factors of social media influencers on customers' decision to buy VNG Corporation products. Because there have been many marketing campaigns that VNG Corporation combined with influencers to do marketing campaigns. However, they get the interaction is not as high as expected. On that basis, this research helps VNG Corporation to get a better social media influencer marketing strategy for their products and the impact of social media influencers on purchasing decisions of customers.
Methodology: Data is collected from customers to evaluate many different components through a certain tool used for research. The research method is quantitative research. In the quantitative research analysis, descriptive statistics, scale testing, Pearson correlation, multivariate regression analysis and testing the differences between groups of consumer were performed. The number of samples selected for the survey is 201 customers who have purchased products of VNG Corporation, which is conducted through a survey questionnaire and randomly selected individuals.
The content questionnaire was used to collect their perceptions and evaluations of the company's social media influencers marketing strategy. The study used multivariate regression analysis through the software SPSS 20. Findings: The study will give results on the level of customer desire about VNG Corporation's social media influencer marketing campaigns and how it will affect their purchasing decisions. Contribution: It's very common for social media influencers to be used for marketing.
However, social media influencer marketing with online games has only grown in recent years as the Internet has grown. Therefore, this study was conducted to explore customer excitement about social media influencer marketing strategies and its impact on their purchasing decisions. From there, identify the weaknesses to overcome and promote the strengths to get the marketing strategy. 6 Key word : Influencer marketing, consumer behavior, social media influencers, buying decision, games, VNG Corporation.1 Influencer Marketing „Influencer marketing is the art and science of engaging people who are influential online to share brand messaging with their audiences in the form of sponsored content‟ (Sammis et al.
While Scott (2015) defines Influence marketing is a type of marketing approach that makes use of people's or leaders' power to influence customer brand awareness and purchase behavior. Additionally, brands that want to expand their audience and find loyal customers, influencers are the ones who authenticate and trust in this relationship (Sudha and Sheena, 2017). In summary, influencers are marketing methods that businesses base their influence on on social networks. These are the people who have the largest fan base, then they use social media posts to promote brands and products to consumers.
Nowadays, influencers are important factors for businesses for a many reasons. First, it needs to be underlined that influencers help increase brand loyalty as well as new users, communities, ignite action, enhance concepts or ideas, and increase brand recognition (Trivedi and Sama, 2020). Customer relationship management (CRM) is an important element of a marketing strategy. Plus, incorporating marketing through social media influencers can fundamentally change traditional marketing strategies.
These are considered the most popular and effective marketing methods today and have lower costs than other methods. Second, the increase in Internet use among young people makes it so that if companies want to attract younger generations then SMIs are the marketing method that is considered suitable (Ki et al. Social media is becoming common among young folks. Millions of people now follow blogs and vlogs (video blogs) (Lin et al.86 billion users globally 7 (Statista, 2021), and more than 500 million people view videos on Facebook per day (Statista, 2023).
Figure 1: BSI Top 10 Vietnam’s Influencer on social media February 2023 Source: Buzzmetrics, 2023 Social media is quickly expanding and spreading around the world, and Vietnam is no exception (Pham et al. Based on many criteria and interactions on Vietnamese social media channels and online newspapers, the top 10 most influencers on social media in February, 2023.2 Overview of the game industry and research context of Vietnam. 8 Online gaming was the main source of entertainment for the majority of Vietnamese children, according to a 2010 survey by Viettrack on the activities of Vietnamese children. Vietnam's digital economy in 2018 is comparable to a "dragon being unleashed" (Worldbank, 2020).
NewZoo's Global Game Market Report 2020 once assessed that Vietnam has great potential and makes a breakthrough in the game field in the world (Vietnamnet, 2023). According to Wolf (2015), the growth of video games as a form of entertainment will continue to be steady and limitless because there are no physical boundaries that would prevent its expansion. Furthermore, the worldwide development and growth of the video game industry have taken distinct courses in various national settings (John, 2006). In particular, Vietnam is currently one of Southeast Asia's two largest online gaming marketplaces, with China Taiwan, and it is featured in the top 100 nations by game revenue, coming in at position 27, thanks to its outstanding growth rate (Phan, 2019).
Many Vietnamese young men are frequently observed engrossed in their gaming screens; some even neglect eating and sleeping in favor of playing video games for the most of the day. However, Grubb (2014) predicted that Vietnam will have the largest increase of gamers in Southeast Asia. Online games have consistently been a favorite among Vietnamese youth, even when government actions are involved. For instance, the Circular 60 (Thông tư 60), which was implemented in 2006, set a daily playing time cap of 5 hours.
The Ban policy in 2010 restricted imported games. Decree 72 (Nghị định 72), which added further restrictions to internet activity, was published in 2013. The most recent regulation to further limit online gaming was Decree 27, which was published in 2018. Therefore, the game industry is subject to many prejudices.
The media only mentions the negative side of the game industry, making parents and society view people who play games and make games in a very bad way. Online games are one of the healthy and time-consuming online entertainment options that young people are accepting. Besides, in 2019 online games were also selected as one of the official competitions at the 30th Seagame.3 Research objective 9 Game is one of the fast-growing fields and is gradually interested in parallel with the development of information technology and Internet. But for more people to know to download and buy game products, marketing is an extremely important strategy.
In particular, the marketing strategy through social media influencers is currently a popular marketing trend in Vietnam. Especially when the percentage of Internet users in Vietnam is accounted for 74% of the population in 2021 (Worldbank, 2021). The purpose of this study is to identify factors of influencers which influence customers to buy VNG products through social media advertisement. From there, the framework will help to identify the effectiveness of social media influencers in influencing buying decision of customers.
Finally, this study provides suggestions and recommendation to improve social media advertisemusing influences in the case of VNG Corporation.4 About VNG Corporation and research context. VNG was established in 2004, the original name was Vi Na Games Joint Stock Company (Vinagame), charter capital of 15 billion VND. Through 16 times of capital increase, the capital scale of VNG is now more than 358 billion dong. In which, foreign shareholders hold 49% of shares, domestic shareholders hold more than 31%, the rest are treasury shares of nearly 20%.
If calculated by the number of outstanding shares (excluding treasury shares), foreign investors have a voting rate of more than 61% and this part is held by only one shareholder (Nhandan, 2023). VNG is a Vietnamese technology company with 4 main product segments including online games, connectivity, payment and financial platforms, and cloud services. In particular, the field of video games has made steady progress in the overseas market and has begun to gain success in the Indian and Russian markets. The segment that brings the most revenue for VNG is online game services, accounting for about 70-80% of total revenue in recent years (Vnexpress, 2023).
By the end of 2022, VNG has total assets of more than 9,189 billion VND. Consolidated equity reached VND 5,579 billion (Nhandan, 2023). After more than 15 years in the market, VNG is an enterprise that greatly inspires the community through programs such as charity, sports, and education, thereby helping society to have a more sustainable development. 10 In recent years, VNG has applied marketing through influencers to reach customers in order to maximize profits and increase recognition in the market.