Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the Requirement for the MSc in Finance FINANCE DISSERTATION ON The Impact of Covid-19 on Vietnam Insurance Industry TRAN THI HUONG GIANG ID No: 22080925 Intake 6 Supervisor: Ass. Do Thi Van Trang September 2023 Acknowledgement Initially, I am deeply grateful for the guidance and assistance I received while writing this dissertation. My supervisor, Assoc. Do Thi Van Trang, was instrumental in helping me formulate research questions and methodology.
Her feedback was insightful and constructive, and it challenged me to elevate my work to a higher standard. I also appreciate the cooperation and support of my colleagues from United Insurance Company of Vietnam. I especially thank my Manager, Ms. Trinh Thi Thanh Van, for providing me with the necessary documents for my research.
Furthermore, I thank my family, especially my parents and my husband, for their unwavering love, support, and encouragement. Finally, I commit that this dissertation is my independent research work, with the dedicated guidance of Assoc. Do Thi Van Trang. The data in the dissertation are completely honest, have clear origins and are noted in the reference section or notes right below the illustrations and tables.
I take full responsibility for the above commitment. Do Thi Van Trang 2 Executive summary The Covid-19 pandemic has been a global challenge that has affected various sectors of the economy, including the insurance sector. Vietnam, as one of the few countries that has successfully contained the virus and maintained positive economic growth, has also faced significant changes and opportunities in its insurance industry. This dissertation aims to analyze the impact of Covid-19 on the Vietnam insurance industry, focusing on analyzing some key indicators of three outstanding insurance companies in Vietnam from non-life insurance and life insurance markets to see the difference of Vietnam insurance industry overview before and after covid-19 period.
The Ministry of Finance reported that the insurance premium revenue in Vietnam was 186.22 trillion VND in 2020, up 16. The non-life insurance market increased by 8%, while the life insurance market increased much higher by 21% (Vietnam Insurance Market report 2021). The report also mentioned that some insurance lines were negatively affected by the Covid-19 pandemic, such as travel insurance, aviation insurance and credit insurance, while some other lines were positively affected, such as health insurance, personal accident insurance and property insurance. The pandemic also boosted the digital transformation of the insurance industry, as more customers used online channels to purchase and renew insurance policies.
Moreover, the report pointed out the challenges and opportunities for the insurance industry in the pandemic situation, such as improving risk management, diversifying products, and services, enhancing customer experience, and expanding financial inclusion. Vietnam’s economy also demonstrated remarkable resilience and recovery during the 3 pandemic, especially GDP (Gross domestic product) growth of Vietnam was 8.02% in 2022 over the past decade, this could create favorable conditions for the growth of the insurance industry in the future. The topic “Vietnam insurance industry” is studied by many different articles or reports. For example, according to the “Scientific Conference on Vietnam’s Insurance Industry CVII2021: Impact of covid-19, Insurtech, Market and Policies” which was held by the University of Economics Ho Chi Minh City and some Insurance units in April 2021 to discuss the current situation and future trends of the insurance industry in Vietnam, especially in the context of Covid-19 and digital transformation.
“This change will inevitably bring challenges and opportunities for global value chains and insurance chains are no exception. Vietnam needs strategic steps to develop the insurance market in the new normal context” (UEH News – UEH University, 2021). Or in Vietnam’s Insurance Industry Outlook for 2022, it mentioned the statistics and performance of the insurance industry in Vietnam in 2021, as well as the forecasts and recommendations for 2022 (Vietnam credit, 2022). However, there is a lack of studies on how the Vietnam insurance industry changed due to Covid-19 through “talking numbers”.
The Vietnam insurance industry is growing fast, thanks to the good economic and financial situation of the country. The industry is also changing and improving recently, because of the Covid-19 pandemic, the digital transformation, and customer awareness. The industry is also seeing a lot of M&A (Mergers and acquisitions) deals, which create opportunities and challenges for foreign firms who want to join or grow in the Vietnam market. The market risks and 4 opportunities brought on by the pandemic had an impact on the Vietnamese insurance sector.
It is necessary to research these consequences to comprehend how the market transformed its goods and services to accommodate consumer preferences and demands, such as digitalization, health protection, and financial inclusion. As more people sought insurance protection due to the pandemic, the industry's income and market share increased, particularly in the life insurance segment. Besides, how the pandemic's numerous waves, which affected diverse economic sectors and industry could be discovered. Therefore, studying how Covid-19 affected the Vietnamese insurance market might help us better understand the sector's advantages, disadvantages, possibilities, and risks.
This dissertation is valuable for both academic and practical purposes with the data collected from trustworthy sources: International monetary funds (IMF), the Vietnam Ministry of Finance, audited annual financial and financial statement reports of insurance companies, and other sources from domestic and foreign channels. It contributes to the literature on the insurance industry in Vietnam, which is relatively scarce compared to other countries. It also provides some information for readers about the insurance industry, customers, regulators, and policymakers on how to cope with the challenges and opportunities brought by Covid-19. The dissertation is structured as follows: Chapter 1: Introduction, Chapter 2: Macroeconomic analysis; Chapter 3: Vietnam insurance industry analysis; Chapter 4: Some insurance companies’ analysis in Vietnam; Chapter 5: Concludes and suggests implications and limitations.
5 Table of contents Abbreviations.8 List of figures and tables.10 Chapter 2: Macroeconomic analysis. GDP amount and GDP growth in Vietnam. Exchange rate, inflation rate. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and export-import.
Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in Vietnam:. Export-Import activities in Vietnam:. Technology and innovation in Vietnam .22 Chapter 3: Industry analysis. General overview of the Vietnam insurance industry.27 Chapter 5: Insurance companies analysis.
PVI Insurance Company. Financial statement analysis. Financial ratio analysis. Bao Minh insurance company.
Financial statement analysis. Financial ratios analysis. Dai-ichi life insurance company. Financial statement analysis.
Financial ratios analysis.64 Chapter 5: Concludes and suggests implications and limitations. Conclusion and recommendation. GDP – Gross domestic product IMP – The International Monetary Fund PVI – Petrol Vietnam Insurance company GWP – Gross written premium/ insurance premium 8 List of figures and tables. Vietnam GDP and GDP growth from 2017 to 2025f.
Vietnam exchange rate and inflation rate from 2017 to 2025f. Foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows in Vietnam from 2018 to 2023f. Export-import turnover in Vietnam from 2018 to 2022. Vietnam's population during 2017 - 2022.
Structure of Vietnam insurance industry in 2020. Vietnam insurance market growth and GDP growth. Vietnam insurance market overview. Vietnam non-life insurance performance from 2016 to 2021.
Vietnam life-insurance performance from 2016 to 2021. Claims payment of Vietnam insurance industry from 2017 to 2021. Vietnam non-life insurance share market in 2022. Line of business share of PVI in 2022.
Line of business share of Bao Minh Ins. Top 5 largest life insurance companies in Vietnam 2022. Top 3 FDI investors to Vietnam. PVI company's summary balance sheet from 2017 to 2022.
PVI company's summary income statement from 2017 to 2022. PVI company's summary cash management from 2017 to 2022. PVI company's financial ratios from 2017 to 2022. Bao Minh insurance company's summary balance sheet from 2017 to 2022.
Bao Minh insurance company's summary income statement. Bao Minh insurance company's summary cash management from 2017 to 2022. Bao Minh insurance company's financial ratios from 2017 to 2022. Dai-ichi life insurance company's summary balance sheet.
Dai-ichi life insurance company's summary income statement from 2017 to 2022. Dai-ichi insurance company's summary cash management from 2017 to 2022. Dai-ichi life insurance company's financial ratios from 2017 to 2022. Firstly, it is necessary to know what insurance market, non-life insurance and life insurance are.
The insurance market is the area of the economy that offers a range of insurance policies to people and organizations to shield them from monetary losses brought on by unforeseeable occurrences, in which non-life insurance and life insurance are the two primary segments of the insurance market. For non-life insurance, sometimes referred to as general insurance, property insurance, or casualty insurance, is a category of insurance that protects a person's or an entity's property as well as medical emergencies and legal liabilities. Automobile insurance, health insurance, fire insurance, and liability insurance are a few non-life insurance examples. Contrarily, life insurance is a sort of insurance that disburses a quantity of money to the insured person's heirs or beneficiaries upon their demise or after a predetermined amount of time.
There are various types of life insurance, including term life, whole life, endowment insurance, and annuity insurance (Martin Hodula, Jan Janků, Martin Časta, Adam Kučera, 2020). Insurance is one of the most dynamic and quickly expanding industries in Vietnam, with a total gross premium of roughly 186.1 billion USD) in 2021, up 16. The Covid-19 pandemic, which has impacted both the supply and demand sides of the business, has caused the industry to go through considerable adjustments and problems. On the supply side, the pandemic has accelerated the adoption of digital technologies and innovation in the insurance sector, such as online sales channels, 10 mobile applications, blockchain, artificial intelligence, and big data analytics.
These technologies have helped improve customer service, operational efficiency, risk management, and fraud prevention. On the demand side, the pandemic has increased the awareness and demand for insurance products, especially health and life insurance, as people face higher health risks and uncertainties. According to the Ministry of Finance, health insurance accounted for the highest proportion of gross premiums in 2021, with 32.05%, followed by automobile insurance (27.44%), property and casualty insurance (13.12%), and fire and engineering insurance (10. The demand for non-life insurance products, such as travel and business interruption insurance, has declined due to the restrictions on mobility and economic activities.
A long with that, the government has also played a role in the expansion of the insurance sector in Vietnam during the pandemic by putting in place laws and regulations that assist insurance providers and clients in navigating the risks and difficulties brought on by COVID-19. In conclusion, the Vietnam insurance industry has shown remarkable resilience and adaptability in facing the challenges posed by Covid-19. The industry has also seized the opportunities to modernize its operations and products, increase its penetration and outreach, and contribute to the social and economic development of the country. However, there are still some areas that need further improvement, such as enhancing the quality and availability of data, strengthening the capacity and skills of human resources, addressing the gaps and 11 risks in cyber security, and fostering collaboration among stakeholders in the insurance ecosystem.
Chapter 2: Macroeconomic analysis 1. In general, Vietnam is a country having stable politics and only one party called “The Communist Party of Vietnam” is dominating the political system in Vietnam. This is one of the reasons why Vietnam is one of the countries successfully navigating the covid-19 pandemic with a consistent operation. For the Vietnam insurance industry, the primary body in charge of regulating insurance-related businesses in Vietnam is the Insurance Supervisory Authority, which is part of the Ministry of Finance (Nu Thi To Nguyen, Tilleke & Gibbins, 2022).
There are some laws and regulations dominate mostly the insurance business activities in the Vietnam market: Enterprise Law, Insurance Business Law 24/2000/QH10 which was issued firstly in 2000 and then amended again before officially effective on 01/01/2023 for purposes of enhancing the legal framework and supervision of the insurance sector, promote fair competition and consumer protection, and encourage innovation and diversification of insurance products., besides there are some relevant regulations and decrees issued by Vietnam Ministry of Finance and Vietnam Government.