THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY PHAM THI HONG HANH RESEARCH AND PRODUCTION OF SCENTED CANDLE PRODUCTS FROM CERTAIN ESSENTIAL OILS BACHELOR THESIS Study Mode: Full time Major: Food Technology Faculty: Advanced Education Program Office Batch: 2018 – 2023 Thai Nguyen – 2023 Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry Degree Program: Bachelor of Food Technology Student name: Pham Thi Hong Hanh Student ID: DTN1854190023 Research and production of scented candle products Thesis Title: from certain essential oils Supervisor (s): Ph. Pham Bang Phuong Supervisor’s Signature: Abtracts: At present, there are many different forms of relaxation and aromatic candles are one of the common forms. Scented candles not only provide background lighting but also help promoting a feeling of wellness. This study attempts to produce scented candles from natural sources such as soy wax, beeswax, and natural essential oils to bring the most practical benefits to the users.
The produced candle should be long lasting, low cost and causes no health effects. The composition of scented candles included 5-8% beeswax, 90% soy wax, 3-5% essential oil Keywords Candle, essential oil, soy wax, beeswax, tempertature. Number of pages: 58 Date of Submission: i ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Assigned by the teachers of the Advanced Program Office, Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry, after nearly 6 months of internship, I have completed this Graduation Thesis. During the process of implementing and completing the graduation project with the topic "Research and production of scented candles from some essential oils", I received a lot of support from teachers, teachers, family and friends.
First of all, I would like to express my sincere thanks to Dr. Pham Bang Phuong, who wholeheartedly guided and created all conditions for me to implement the project in the best way. I would also like to thank all teachers in Food Industry, Advanced Programs Office, Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry for imparting valuable knowledge and skills to me during my studies. Today, I would like to express my sincere thanks to Dad, Mom and my family for always creating material conditions and always supporting and encouraging me.
In addition, I would like to sincerely thank all the students of class K50 FT- AEP who have enthusiastically helped me in the past school years. Thank you very much! Phạm Thị Hồng Hạnh ii TABLE OF CONTENT ACKNOWLEDGEMENT. ii TABLE OF CONTENT .iii LIST OF FIGURES. 1 LIST OF TABLES.
Scientific and practical significance. Scientific significance of the topic. Practical significance of the topic. Scientific basis of the topic.
Essential Oil Overview. Domestic and foreign research works. Overview of domestic research. Overview of the research situation in the world.
MATERIALS, RESEARCH CONTENT AND METHODOLOGY. Subjects and scope of study. Research subjects and research materials. Research equipment and instruments.
Scope of study location and time. Scope of research. The process of separating essential oils by steam attraction method. Production method of scented candles.
Proposal for the production process of scented candle. Experimental layout method. Data processing methods. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION.
Research results on the production process of aromatic candles from natural materials. Research results optimize the conditions in the production process of scented candles from natural materials. Building the production process of scented candles. Results of development of scented candle products from natural materials.
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS. 51 APPENDIX iv LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2.1: Water distillation equipment .1: Orange essential oil production process .2: Essential oil distillation equipment .3: Diagram of the expected production of aromatic candles from several essential oils .4: Finished scented candles .5: Diagram of the study of the burning time of two types of wax .6: Wax ratio study diagram .7: Study diagram of the ratio of essential oil blends in scented candles 36 Figure 4. Burning two types of wax .2: Diagram of the production process of aromatic candles. 43 1 LIST OF TABLES Table 3.2: Research equipment and instruments .3: The result of obtaining the combustion time of two types of wax .1: The result of obtaining the combustion time of two types of wax .2: Results of wax ratio study .3: results of sensory assessment of essential oil ratios .4: Product description table.
Research rationale A candle is a solid material, usually a combination of candle-making materials, with a heart in the middle, lit to provide light and sometimes to warm up. Candles today are mostly made of paraffin. It can also be made from beeswax, plant wax, and gels. Along with the progress of the world economy, candles also have a history of annual development.
Since ancient times, people have used coconut oils and fats, cows, goats, and various other animals to make candles. In respect of the nobility, people used Beeswax. Candles are known to have originated in China around 200 BC and were obtained from whale fat. By the 19th century, winter fat was the main raw material for making candles.
The advancement in raw materials was made in 1820, when stearin was mined. Stearin was a chemical compound created from refined fat and used in candle making. Previously, in Vietnam, candles were often used to worship ancestors and to light weddings. In times of modern social development such as the present, when people's lives are increasingly improved, the use of candles is becoming increasingly popular.
The scent of the harmonious combination of candles and flowers gives people a feeling of romance and coziness. Thanks to their level of sophistication, candles are not simply lit objects but also considered a product of art. Despite its small size, a candle can accentuate an entire interior space, even a room with a magnificent and wonderful view. 3 On that basis, I propose to implement the topic: Research and produce scented candle products from some essential oils.
Aiming to optimize and enhance the production process of scented candles from some essential oils and bring the most practical benefits to consumers. General objectives Research and production of scented candle products from a number of essential oils 1. Specific objectives Content 1: Research and develop the process of producing scented candles from natural materials. Research on optimizing the conditions in the production process of scented candles from natural materials Experiment 1: Research on the selection of waxes to use to produce scented candles Experiment 2: study the mixing ratio of beeswax and soy wax Experiment 3: Study on the ratio of essential oil blends in scented candles B.
Develop the production process of scented candles Content 2: Develop scented candle products from natural ingredients. - Research and manufacture scented candle products from a number of essential Oils 1. Scientific and practical significance 1. Scientific significance of the topic - The results of the study will provide new scientific data on: the ingredients in candle wax 4 - The influence of factors on the ability to extract essential oils - Long-term and effective storage method - Develop the essential oil extraction process and candle wax production process with the most optimal conditions 1.
Practical significance of the topic - Help students improve their experience and skills in practicing scientific research, consolidate theoretical knowledge, and apply it in practice to improve themselves. - From the research results of the project, it will contribute a part of the research into the aromatic candle production process and essential oil extraction process, health and economic benefits for the community. Scientific basis of the topic 2. General introduction to scented candles Scented candles are a solid mass of fuel, usually waxy and have hearts in the middle to light sometimes using heat.
Today candles are usually made from paraffin wax, which can also be made from soy wax, beeswax, and animal fats. Since humans found and refined petroleum from nature, candles have been mass-produced to serve humans. In the filtration process, in addition to the main products of lock oil, there are also countless products used in different industries, paraffin and gels are byproducts of petroleum but it is the main raw material in the candle manufacturing industry. In addition to paraffin and gels, people also use some other materials to produce candles such as soy wax, which is a cloudy color material derived from nature, has a natural aroma and does not harm human health.
Paraffin candles and soy wax candles, pillar candles, tea lamp candles, flower candles, water drop candles. Disposable candles have a high gel density, non- receptive candles have a low gel density. To increase the aesthetics of candles, people often add colors and ornaments, add essential oils to create aroma for candles. Therefore, in addition to the role of lighting candles, it is also used to decorate in formal places and on special days.
The faint scent of candles is now popular with many households. However, if used too much, it will affect health. The Vietnam Institute of Scientific Research said that the cause of toxicity of scented candles is due to the candle heart made of the core, especially materials that do not have a clear origin. Especially many 6 substances contained in scented candles are toxic to the human body such as toluene (C6H5CH3), acetone (CHCOCH3), formaldehyde (HCHO), methylene chloride (CH2Cl2).
Many of these substances have been shown to cause cancer, inadvertence, and damage to the nervous system,. Using scented candles too much can provoke asthma attacks, candles with synthetic aromas from chemicals are highly pathogenic. The Vietnam Institute of Industrial Sciences said that the more fragrant the smell, the more toxic it is, especially candles with synthetic aromas from chemicals. The composition of scented candles - Soybean wax: To make soy wax, we need some materials such as stoves, kettles, cups, rubber powder, paraffin oil, soybean oil.
Steps to make soy wax Step1: Blend rubber powder with paraffin oil in the right proportions to avoid the mixture clumping and help dissolve the raw materials most effectively. Step 2: Pour the mixture into a saucepan, heat the mixture over low heat and stir your hands constantly. Step 3: Stir while pouring soybean oil into the mixture Step 4: Stir while keeping the mixture boiled moderately at a rolling foam level, continue to stir well so that the main burn. Pay attention not to let water fall in because if water falls, it will lead to a state of fire, fire and explosion.
Step 5: After 30 minutes of cooking the mixture, check the mixture if the wax has been re-cleared. Step 6: Pour the wax into a cup and let it cool. 7 - Beeswax is a colorless liquid created by worker bees when they build walls in the hive, beeswax is located below the film that surrounds the outside of the hive they are in the form of blocks consisting of many hexagonal cells on the surface. For beeswax bees act as a natural antibiotic to help protect their nests from the invasion of other organisms, to be able to make 1kg of beeswax they need to spend 3kg of honey and pollen so beeswax is considered to have many nutritional components no less than honey.
- Essential oils: Essential oils are aromatic substances or odorants present in some parts of plants (seeds, roots, tubers, bark, flowers, leaves, fruits, oils, sap. The flora has essential oils of about 3000 species, of which 150-200 species have industrial significance. Essential oils are present in the above raw material sources in very different concentrations, which can vary from parts per million to percent and essential oils are relatively volatile Essential oils are concentrated in several families such as canopy family, chrysanthemum, lip flower family, Camphor family, Sim family, Learn Cam, they Ginger. Essential oils are extracted from some parts of the plant such as petals, leaves, branches, roots, fruit peel, seed stalks, bark.
- Candle hearts: Candle hearts are made from different materials but are usually made from cotton fibers, paper, silk threads,.
