THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY BACH THI DUNG Topic title: PURIFICATION OF DENGUE VIRUS LIKE PARTICLE FROM INSECT CELL CULTURE BACHELOR THESIS Study Mode : Full-time Major : Biotechnology Faculty : Biotechnology and Food Technology Batch : 2012 – 2016 Thai Nguyen, 15/08/2016 n THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY BACH THI DUNG Topic title: PURIFICATION OF DENGUE VIRUS LIKE PARTICLE FROM INSECT CELL CULTURE BACHELOR THESIS Study Mode : Full-time Major : Biotechnology Faculty : Biotechnology and Food Technology Batch : 2012 – 2016 Supervisors : Asst. Kanokwan Poomputsa __________ Dr. Nguyen Xuan Vu ______________ Thai Nguyen, 15/08/2016 n DOCUMENTATION PAGE WITH ABSTRACT Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry Major Biotechnology Student name Bach Thi Dung Student ID DTN1253150043 Thesis title Purification of dengue Virus-like-particle from insect cell culture Supervisors 1. Nguyen Xuan Vu Abstract: Dengue infection, a disease caused by the Dengue virus infection, is one of a global health problem in the tropics and subtropical areas.
To prevent the spreading of this disease, vaccination using Dengue vaccine is needed. One of the vaccine candidates against Dengue virus (DENV) is Dengue virus like particle (VLP). Dengue VLP which is a particle with structure is identical to the native. Dengue virus with no genetic material is potential to highly and safely elicit the immune response.
In this study, Dengue VLP produced from stable transfected insect cells cultured in TNMFH medium supplemented with 10% feval bovine serum (FBS) was purified by three methods: affinity column chromatography, tangential cross-flow filtration, and aqueous two-phase system (ATPS). The result showed that ATPS was the best method that can separate Dengue VLP from albumin as well as the biggest protein impurities in the culture medium. Key words Purification, DENV, Dengue virus like particle, Concentration, affinity column chromatography, tangential cross-flow filtration, ATPS Number of pages 37 i n ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Attain this thesis; I would like to express my deep gratitude to my thesis advisor Asst. Kanokwan Poomputsa from the School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), Thailand.
The door to her office was always opened whenever I ran into a trouble spot or had questions about my research or writing. She consistently allowed this paper to be my own work, but steered me in the right direction whenever she though I need it. I would also like to thank Dr. Nguyen Xuan Vu from the Biotechnology and Food Department of Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry (TUAF) who used to help, support and give me encouragements during this thesis implementation.
I would also like to extend my heartfelt thanks to my teachers of Biotechnology and Food Department, TUAF who imparted me a lot of knowledge through four years of university. The knowledge not only helped me with my research but also created a basic and soul foundation for me to start the job in the future. Further, I would also like to express my sincere gratitude to Dr. Duong Van Cuong and Msc.
Trinh Thi Chung for providing me the opportunity to develop my skills by doing an internship abroad. I sincerely thank to the teachers, the laboratory staffs and students at Animals Cell Culture laboratory for their regards and giving me an opportunity to do research in the laboratory. I would also especially thank Msc. Marlita who always helped, cared and taught me as my sister during my practicing in Thailand.
I am especially grateful to my dear mother, Duong Thi Nga and all my family and to the many old and dear friends who have stood by my side trough the many ups and downs of this long campaign. Many thank you and best regards, Student Bach Thi Dung ii n CONTENTS LIST OF TABLE. vi LIST OF FIGURES .iv LIST OF ABBREVIATION .viii PART 1: INTRODUCTION. Dengue infection/ disease.
Immune system interaction .1 Dengue vaccine types .2 Dengue vaccine production .4 Production of dengue virus like particle (VLP) from insect cell culture .5 Dengue virus like particle (VLP) purification from cell culture. HiTrap™ Blue column chromatography. Cross filtration by ÄKTA™ flux s. Aqueous two-phase system.
Scope of study. 14 PART 2: MATERIALS AND METHODS .1 Equipments and Materials .1 Collection of Dengue VLP from Sf9-Dg stable cells .2 Purification of dengue Virus-Like-Particle by HiTrap™ Blue column chromatography (Affinity chromatography) .3 Purification of Dengue Virus-Like-Particle by ÄKTA™ flux .4 Purification of Dengue Virus-Like-Particle by Aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) .5 Concentration of Dengue VLP by 100 KDa MWCO Amicon® Ultra-4 Centrifugal Filter Devices for volumes up to 4 mL .6 Concentration of Dengue VLP by 35% PEG precipitation .7 Concentration of Dengue VLP by Acetone precipitation .8 Western Blot Analysis of Dengue VLP .9 Commassie Blue Staining Analysis .10 Silver Staining Analysis .11 Dot Blot Analysis. 21 PART 3: RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS .1 Purification of dengue Virus- Like- Particle by HiTrap™ BLUE column chromatography .2 Purification of Dengue Virus Like Particle (VLP) by ÄKTA™ flux .2 Purification of Dengue Virus Like Particle by Aqueous two-phase system (ATPS). 31 iv n PART 4: CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS.
41 v n LIST OF TABLE TABLE PAGE 1 Technique of purification protein base on different property 10 vi n LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1.1: Time course of clinical signs and symptoms .2: Structure of Dengue virus .3: Dengue virus life cycle (website: http://www.com/dengue- virus.4: Model of antibody-dependent enhancement of dengue infection .5: Types of dengue vaccines .1: Characterization of Dengue VLP from TNMFH + 10% FBS culture after purification by HiTrap™BLUE affinity chromatography column. The samples were run SDS-PAGE and were stained by Coomassie blue staining after purification by HiTrap™BLUE affinity chromatography column .2: Characterization of Dengue VLP from TNMFH+10% FBS culture after purificationby HiTrap™ BLUE affinity chromatography column. The samples were run SDS-PAGE and were stained by Silver staining after purification by HiTrap™BLUE affinity chromatography column .3: Characterization of Dengue VLP from TNMFH+10% FBS culture after purification by HiTrap™ BLUE affinity chromatography column. The samples were run SDS-PAGE and were run by Western Blot after purification by HiTrap™BLUE affinity chromatography column .4: Characterization of Dengue VLP from TNMFH+10% FBS culture after purification by 10 kDa MWCO ÄKTA™ flux .5: Characterization of Dengue VLP from TNMFH+10% FBS culture after purification by 50 kDa MWCO ÄKTA™ flux .6: Result of purification of Dengue Virus-Like-Particle by Aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) with three phases: PEG-rich phase, intermediate phase (interface) and bottom phase (Salt- rich phase) .7: Characterization of Dengue VLP from TNMFH+10% FBS culture after purification by Aqueous two-phase system (ATPS).
The samples were run SDS-PAGE and were stained by Comassie blue staining analysis (12% resolving gel electrophoresis) of Dg-VLP after purification by Aqueous two-phase system .8: Characterization of Dengue VLP from TNMFH+10% FBS culture after purification by Aqueous two-phase system (ATPS). The samples were run SDS-PAGE and were stained by Silver staining analysis (12% resolving gel electrophoresis) of Dg- VLP after purification by Aqueous two-phase system .9: Characterization of Dengue VLP from TNMFH+10% FBS culture after purification by Aqueous two-phase system (ATPS). The samples were run SDS-PAGE and were run Dot Blot analysis of Dg-VLP after purification by Aqueous two-phase system. 35 vii n LIST OF ABBREVIATION % percentage Square Centimetre °C degree centigrade or Celcius µg microgram µl microliter aa amino acid Ab antibody Bp base pair BSA bovine serum albumin C-terminal carboxy terminal DENV Dengue virus DF Dengue Fever Dg-VLP dengue virus-like-particle DHF Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever DI water Deionized water DNA deoxyribonycleic acid DSS dengue shock syndrome EtOH ethanol FBS fetal bovine serum g gram h hours IgG immunoglobulin G kb kilobase of 1,000 bp viii n kDa kiloDalton Kg kilogram L Liter M Molar (mole/ liter) mA milliampere mg milligram min minutes ml milliliter mM millimolar NaOH Sodium hydroxide NTE NaCl-Tris-EDTA buffer PBS phosphate buffer saline PBST phosphate buffer saline tween PEG Ethylene glycol or Diethylene glycol.
RNA ribonucleic acid rpm resolution per minute SDS-PAGE sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis Sf-9 Spodoptera frugiperda-9 V voltage VLP virus like particle Vol volume WHO World Health Organization ix n PART 1 INTRODUCTION 1. Dengue infection/ disease Dengue is a dangerous pandemic disease that has spread rapidly in recent years. More than 100 countries around the world, especially in Southeast Asia and the Western Pacific, face the disease. World Health Organization (WHO) reported that 50-100 million people are infected by the disease each year, and approximately 25,000 people, mostly children, are death per year (WHO, 2008).
Dengue fever is a viral infection transmitted by Aedes spp mosquitoes (Simmons et al. The infection causes flu-like illness that can develop into severe hemorrhagic fever and death in patients (WHO, 2008). Nowadays, the global incidence of dengue has grown dramatically in recent decades and about half of the world's population is currently at risk of contracting the disease (Brady et al. Dengue is commonly found in the densely populated urban and semi-urban areas which climates are tropical or subtropical (Rogers et al., 2006), such as in Africa, the Americas, the Eastern Mediterranean, Southeast Asia and the Western Pacific.
Among those regions, the Southeast Asia and the Western Pacific are reported as the most gravely affected regions in which the disease death rate in children is very high (WHO, 2009; Singhasivanon and Jacobson, 2009). DENV cause a variety of symptoms from a self-limiting Dengue Fever (DF) to a life-threatening syndrome called Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) or dengue shock syndrome (DSS). The virus may cause illness in humans after an incubation period of 3 to 14 days (Figure 2.1: Time course of clinical signs and symptoms (http://www.com/signs-a-symptoms.html, 2016) Dengue viral infection has become an increasing global health concern with over two-fifths of the world's population at risk of infection and the lack of a licensed vaccine to provide protection against it (WHO, 2009). Until now, several dengue vaccine candidates are in development process, including live attenuated, chimeric live attenuated vaccine, inactivated vaccine, subunit vaccine and nucleic acid-based vaccines.
In there, subunit vaccine that is protective against five serotypes, capable to create a lifelong protection, safe, universally cover all endemic regions, and has an affordable cost for the user (Murphy and Whitehead , 2011).1 Structure The Dengue virus (DENV), is caused Dengue Fever, a small single-stranded RNA virus from the genus Flavivirus and the family Flaviviridae. DEVN comprises five distinct serotypes: DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3, DENV-4 and DENV-5. The distinction between these serotypes is based on their antigen (Dennis, 2013; Solomonide and Tony, 2 n 2010). The mature particle of the dengue virus is spherical with a diameter of 50 nm containing multiple copies of the three structural proteins, a host-derived membrane bilayer and a single copy of a positive-sense, single-stranded RNA genome.
The genome is about 11000 bases that is cleaved by host and viral proteases in three structural proteins (capsid, C, prM, the precursor of membrane, M, protein and envelope, E) and seven nonstructural proteins (NS1, NS2a, NS2b, NS3, NS4a, NS4b, NS5). Distinct genotypes or lineages (viruses highly related in nucleotide sequence) have been identified within each serotype, highlighting the extensive genetic variability of the dengue serotypes (Henchal and Putnak, 1990). All of those proteins orchestrate the production of new viruses one the virus gets inside the cell (Kuhn et al, 2002). E protein E envelope proteins is located at the surface of the virus and the size is about 51 KDa (Figure 2.3b) (Izabela et al.
E protein has three domains (Domain I – III) (Yorgo et al. Some molecules interact with the protein E virus (DC-SIGN, L- SIGN, the high affinity laminin receptor, the mannose receptor, and GRP78 have been shown to be important factors that mediate attachment and entry of the virus (Murphy and Whitehead, 2011). prM/M protein The DENV prM (membrane) protein, together with E envelope protein plays important role in the formation and maturation of the dengue viral particle. Both proteins are present on the surface of immature virions.
The prM protein (18 kDa) consists of seven antiparallel β-strands stabilized by three disulfide bonds.