Lé Da Thao THE DEVELOPMENT OF LEARNER AUTONOMY IN PROJECT-BASED LEARNING AT VUNG TAU HIGH SCHOOL LUAN VAN THAC SI NGANH KHOA HQC GIAO DUC Thanh phố Hỗ Chí Minh — 2022 Lê Dạ Thao THE DEVELOPMENT OF LEARNER AUTONOMY IN PROJECT-BASED LEARNING AT VUNG TAU HIGH SCHOOL Chuyên ngành: Lý luận và phương pháp dạy học bộ môn tiếng Anh Mã sô: 8140111 LUẬN VĂN THẠC SĨ NGÀNH KHOA HỌC GIÁO DỤC NGƯỜI HUONG DAN KHOA HỌC: PGS. NGUYEN THANH TUNG Thanh phố Hồ Chí Minh - 2022 LỜI CAM ĐOAN Tôi xin khẳng định rằng tôi là tác giả chính của luận văn thạc sĩ mang tên “The Development of Leamer Autonomy in Project-based Learning at Vung Tau High School” va tôi không sử dụng bat kỳ nguồn nào ngoải những nguôn được ghi trong thư mục và được phân loại là tài liệu tham khảo. Tôi xin cam kết ring nghiên cứu này chưa được nộp cho Đại học Sư phạm Thành phố Hỗ Chí Minh hay bat kỳ tô chức nao khác. Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh.
ngày 3 thang 1 năm 2023 Lê Da Thao STATEMENT OF ORIGINALITY I assert that | am the main author of the master thesis entitled “The Development of Learner Autonomy in Project-based Learning at Vung Tau High School” and that | did not employ any sources apart from those inscribed in the bibliography and classified as references. I further aver that the work has not been submitted to University of Education or any other institutions. Ho Chi Minh City, January 2023 Le Da Thao LOI CAM ON Tôi xin gửi lời cảm ơn chân thành đến những người đã giúp đỡ va động viên tôi mạnh mẽ dé tôi có thé hoàn thành luận văn này. Trước hết, tôi xin gửi lời cảm ơn sâu sắc nhất tới PGS.
Nguyễn Thanh Tùng, người hưởng dẫn luận văn của tôi, đã tận tinh hướng dẫn, động viên nhiệt tình và cho tôi rat nhiêu góp ý hữu ích về công trình nghiên cứu nảy. Tôi xin gửi lời cảm ơn đặc biệt đến các giảng viên của chương trình dao tạo thạc sĩ tại Dai học Sư phạm Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh vì những bai học bé ich và mang tính xây dựng của họ đối với dự án này. Tôi cũng xin vô cùng cảm ơn Phòng Sau đại học của Đại học Sư phạm Thành pho Hồ Chi Minh vi đã hết lòng giúp đỡ va tạo điều kiện đề tôi có thé thực hiện nghiên cứu tron ven. Tôi đặc biệt cảm ơn sự giúp đỡ của Ban giảm hiệu cũng như tô Ngoại ngữ trường THPT Vũng Tau đã tạo điều kiện cho tôi thực hiện nghiên cửu nay tại trường.
Việc hoàn thành luận văn nay của tôi không thé hoàn thành néu không có sự tham gia nhiệt tinh của các em học sinh. Gửi tới các học sinh than yêu của tôi, tôi võ cùng cảm ơn các em đã cho phép tôi sử dụng thời gian của các em và các bạn xứng đáng được đẻ cập đặc biệt vì sự giúp đỡ mà các em đã dành cho tôi. Hơn nữa, tôi muốn ghi nhận những tài liệu quý giá và những gợi ý hữu ích do các bạn học cùng lớp TESOL của tôi cung cấp. Cuối cùng nhưng không kém phần quan trọng, tôi vô cùng biết ơn các thành viên trong gia đình, những người đã luôn đành cho tôi sự quan tâm yêu thương và nguồn cảm hứng to lớn.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to convey my heartfelt appreciation to those who have provided me with unwavering assistance and encouragement in order for me to complete this thesis. First, my deepest thanks go to Assoc. Nguyen Thanh Tung, my thesis supervisor, for his patient guidance, enthusiastic encouragement, and useful critiques of this research work. My special thanks are extended to the lecturers of the Master's Degree program at the University of Education in Ho Chi Minh City for their useful and constructive recommendations on this project.
I am particularly grateful for the assistance given by the administrators as well as the English department at Vung Tau high school for enabling me to conduct this research at their school. My completion of this thesis could not have been accomplished without the passionate participation of my students. To my dear students, thank you for allowing me to occupy your time and you deserve a special mention for the help you have given me. Furthermore, I wish to acknowledge the valuable materials and helpful suggestions provided by my TESOL classmates.
Last but not least, | am profoundly indebted to my family members, who have always offered me loving care and cnormous inspiration. iv RETENTION OF USE As an applicant for the Master of TESOL degree, I officially declare that I accept the regulations of the University for the retention including the use of Master's Thesis submitted in the Library. In accordance with these terms, I consent that the original of my thesis registered in the Library should be accessible for the goals of study and research, subject to the standard rules of the library for the preservation, lending, or replication of the thesis. Ho Chi Minh City, January 2023 Le Da Thao TABLE OF CONTENTS LỐN CAM ĐOATNoasassssnnsnnntoiiinisgiiiiititiitoi0TH1G0111363311639110833118838138838311888881082638888888 STATEMENT OF ORIGINALITY oo:cccessssscossssceasssssasssssossasceasssscasesccasescoassscossassces il BGT CẢM IƠN ossssscssssssasisssovsssasssisesssaiesscvassssteassssuesssisuosatsteoassttoansstionnstsossistsousivtee iii ACRNOWLEDGEMEN SS aa isiscaissscaszascsssssesasassssassccssisecserssecesccsaceiesecscasestaicesasaces iv RETIENHONGRUSB.: V TABLE OF CONTENTS.neSAEsorsseszeesieseessarse vi LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS .ccsssossssscsssssvecsssvesesesscssssscesssrsssvorseccarsonsvscsnseavsessevee xi EIST OP TAB LS iiiiiddiiintuioiiiioiiooaiaooaioioaiioaaitoagroainioaaiiiagoiaiire xi LISTOFIEIGUREStoooiiitiiioiooiiiiointiiiiti14450010811311381311135131858105855515885383588581680883808 xi ABSTRACT.-o( -cccciceeSicnencLioeetkensariseesseseesaasaasiskseeslssd xiv CHAPTER: 1.
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Characteristics of project-based learning. Benefits of project-based learning for learner autonomy .- -- <2 SH SH Hy ¡0 2.1 Definition oflearner autOnOT\V. Criteria of learner autOnoImy. Project-based learning and the development of learner autonomy.
Procedure of project-based Ïcarning. cu SH net 13 2. Assessment in project-based Ïearning. Learners’ beliefs towards project-based learning.
Advantages of investigating learners” belief%. Pattern of learners’ DClichs. Empirical studies on project-based learning and learner autonomy. mi cv c 18 CHAPTER 3.
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Issues of validity and reliablÌIfy.- - ác ng HH HH nhớ, 31 3:5.QUGSHGDHEHS:::::ziiissiciiscsstic2212022101142251125413055335184332395833818805338563551882583556 31 DiS ids /VLIEVỆ |116560155531536381534856858881888ã6571295588886855888ã35888585545ã8185837898588ã668518838387582 32 CHAPTER 4. DATA ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS. cu HS HH ng ng vn grry 34 Z:1. HT ng ng ry 35 4.
Ăn HH HH HH TH Hi ng Hư 40 4. Learners’ beliefs about the application of PBL. The requirement and procedure of the project. The assessment of the pFOJ€CE.
The knowledge and skills employed in the project. The personal improvement after the DFOJCC. Discussion of findingS. The development of learner autonomy in PBIL.
Learners’ beliefs about the project WOTKK. St nu 47 CHAPTER 5. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS. Evaluation of the methodoÏoOgyY.
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ch ng ven 52 §:5;/Chapter SUMMALY.s0csesseszesseseaissssessesseess Error! Bookmark not defined. REFERENCES sicssisissssssssessssscssisasssisiscnssiscssissacsisieesssiessnissnenssveensiteessisaoosssisenssioes 54 NEEENHREE. A = Pre-qQuestionnaite iss sssissssssssssssessssssssasisessssseessssansvassaasisescavassaesseeed 65 Appendix B — Post-questionniaire.--- sàn HH ưưệc 68 Appendix C — SUTVCY. cuc nh TT 0 0900080 500009 090.700 7I Appendix D — Textbook eXITACfS.- HH HH Họ HH re 73 Appendix E — Lesson plans for control #fOUP.
cà Shin 76 Appendix F — Lesson plans for experimental gToup .c:ccceeseeeseeeeeeteeeeneeee 86 Appendix G — Oral presentation - Teacher evaluation form. 91 Appendix H — Group oral presentation - Peer evaluation form.-93 Appendix I — Group poster rubric - Peer evaluation ÍOrm.--«c<«- 95 Appendix J— Evaluation Rubric for Video Production (for teacher). 97 ix Appendix K — Video production checklist - Peer evaluation form LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS CG Control Group CLT Communicative Language Teaching EG Experimental Group ELT English Language Teaching LA Learner Autonomy PBL Project-based learning SPSS Statistical Package for the Social Sciences xi LIST OF TABLES Table 3.1, Description of the study participant. Mean of interpretation for Likert-scale i†€rn.
Descriptive analysis of the pre-questionnaire rcsuÌf§. Results of the independent samples ¢ test for the pre-questionnaire. Descriptive analysis of the post-questionnaire results. Results of the independent samples /test for the post-questionnaire.
Responses to the items of project’s requirement and procedure. Responses to the items of project's aSS€SSIM€TIL. Responses to the items of the knowledge and skills employed. Responses to the items of the personal improvement.
43 xii LIST OF FIGURES Figure 3. Ăn ng ng 24 Figure 3.2 Steps In PBL. su 2n HS 1n SH HH Hs 26 xiii ABSTRACT A fundamental issue that teachers confront is that their students rely entirely on them because little attention is paid to improve learners’ autonomous skills. This study aims to determine how Project-based learning (PBL) can be adopted to improve learners’ autonomy and their beliefs afler experiencing it.
Specifically, reinforced by the potential advantages learners can gain from PBL and the rich agenda of theories of autonomy, the study applies a quantitative research model and questionnaire design, with the participation of 90 grade 10 students at Vung Tau high school, Vietnam. Over the course of seven weeks, students in the experimental group (EG) learned through project implementation while students in the control group (CG) were guided through the conventional sequence of presentation, practice, and production. This study adopts questionnaires and survey as instruments for collecting data. Afler their comparability was implied in the pre- questionnaire responses prior to the application of the treatment, post-questionnaire responses analysis indicated that EG surpassed CG in all criteria of learner autonomy.
Meanwhile, the data collected from the survey emphasizes the positive beliefs that learners expressed towards incorporating PBL into their mainstream curriculum. The results demonstrate that PBL has the ability to enhance learner autonomy and strengthen their favourable beliefs towards learning and self- development. On this basis, product presentation and evaluation should be taken into careful consideration when designing a project in high school. Key words: Project-based learning, learner autonomy, PBL, high school students XỈV CHAPTER 1.
INTRODUCTION This chapter provides the introduction of the study by introducing the background to the study, statement of the problem, aim of the study, research questions, significance of the study, and structure of the study. Background to the study The teaching and lcarning of English as a foreign language in Vietnam in general has significantly changed with the direction of communication commonly applied in foreign language teaching and learning in the past decade. Although these changes have brought about certain positive changes in learners’ learning process, most of the time, learning patterns of learners appear to be teacher-triggered or teacher-centered (Nguyen et al. One explanation for this pattern in the Vietnamese learning context underlies in Confucian values, which are perceived as enforcing “traditional beliefs of relationship hierarchy in classrooms” (Nguyen et al.
211), and Vietnamese learners have been described as “passive, obedient, and reproductive” (Nguyen & Gu, 2013, p. 75), and familiar with “rote learning” (Dang, 2010, p. Roe and Perkins (2020) concluded that the social norms of the learning environment shared by both teachers and student may prevent autonomous lcarning activities from being shown independently by the student, which may explain why Vietnamese students are reluctant to engage in autonomous learning activitics without direction from their teacher.