ACKNOWLEDGEMENT After two years study in International School of Business (ISB) with MBUS program and the time of doing this thesis, I had great chances to work with professionals come from both internal and oversea. Those specialists had to equip me not only knowledge, skills and experience of economy and management, but also provide us valuable information of many aspects of social life. Firstly, I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude and deepest appreciation to all my professors, especially, my research supervisor, Dr. Nguyễn Quỳnh Mai, for her support, suggesting, guidance during time of my dissertation.
Secondly, I also have got a very nice friendship who have interacted and helped me so much in studying and shared with me both joys and difficulties during the course, encouraged me so much in doing this thesis. I would like to send my appreciation to all of them. Last but most important, I would like to send my deepest thank to my Dad, my Mom, my brother and my special friend who always stand by my side to encourage and support my spirit when I’m in the most difficulty. 1 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com Abstract Purpose – This study aims to identify influence of family responsibility and work pressure on work life balance of employees in banking sector, to find out the effects of male and female employees on work life balance and analyze the different between male and female toward work life balance.
Design/methodology/approach – A quantitative analysis by survey was conducted involving 145 employees working in Vietnam banking sector. Multiple regression analyses were performed to identify the impacts of family responsibility, working environment and work load on work life balance of employees in banking sector. Moreover, a multiple regression analyses were also test to discover the control role of gender variable. Findings – The results showed that two determinants which are working environment and work load negatively influence employees’ work life balance.
Gender variable plays a control role in the relationship toward the impacts of family responsibility, working environment and work load on work life balance. Furthermore, male and female have different influence on work life balance. Keywords: Family responsibility, work pressure, work life balance, employee 2 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com Table of Contents ACKNOWLEDGEMENT. 2 LIST OF TABLES.
5 LIST OF FIGURE AND CHART .1 Background of the research .2 Research problem, research objective, and research questions .3 Scope of study .5 Structure of the thesis statements. 9 CHAPER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW & THEORITICAL MODEL .2 Work—life balance concepts: .3 Factors influence Work—life balance .1 Work life balance and family responsibilities: .2 Work life balance and work pressure: .3 Work life balance and gender .4 The Vietnam banking context. 16 CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY .2 Research design process:. Measurement of variable:.
24 CHAPTER 4: DATA ANALYSIS. 25 3 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.3 Refinement of measurement scale: .1 Cronbach’s Alpha results of each measurement .2 Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA).4 Adjustment of hypotheses and research model .1 Model 1: Regression analysis between dependent variable (WLB) with independent variables (FR; WE; WL) .2 Model 2: Relationship between FR, WE, WL and WLB and moderating effect of gender .6 Testing assumptions of Multiple Regressions. 47 CHAPTER 5: FINDING, LIMITATION AND FURTURE RESEARCH.3 Managerial implications and recommendation .4 Limitations and future research direction. 62 BẢNG CÂU HỎI.
81 4 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com LIST OF TABLES Table 3.1 Demographic Statistics of the Respondents .2 Reliability Statistics of Family responsibilities variable.3 Reliability Statistics of Work pressure variable .4 Reliability Statistics of Work life balance variable .5 KMO and Barlett’s Test .6 Rotated Component Matrix .9 Regression analysis of Work life balance .10 Model Summary and ANOVA of work life balance with moderating effect of gender .11 Regression analysis of work life balance with moderating effect of gender .12 Regression analysis of gender variable – female only .13 Regression analysis of gender variable – male only .14 Questionnaire for working environment pressure .15 Questionnaire for work load. 53 5 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com LIST OF FIGURE AND CHART Figure 2.1 Research design process .1 New Hypotheses Model .1 Impact of family responsibility on work-life balance of Male and Female. 42 6 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the research Each organization has its own asset which contains two main components – labor and capital. Capital is so important to the achievement of the business, while labor is vital to it.
The labor does everything daily and the whole existing time of the organization. The reality of working life today is that employees are frequently trying to manipulate their work and personal lives. Two important points of adult life are family and work. However, the role expectations of these two domains are not always compatible, creating conflicts between work and family life (Netemeyer, Boles, and McMurrian, 1996).
In recent years, research on balance between the different role fields of work and family has dramatically increased. To balance between the family responsibilities and work responsibilities has become a challenge for the people in many professions. Felstead, Jewson, Phizacklea and Walters (2002) defined the work life balance strategies as those strategies which enhance the independence of employees in coordinating with the work and non-work aspects of their lives. Balancing the demands of work and family roles has become a principal daily task form any employed adults, imparts result of changes in employee demographic characteristics and societal attitudes about work and family (Zedeck,1992).
The spirit of employees is so important which is absolutely necessary for the success of each organization in any field, including business. According to The international labor organization, labor productivity of Singapore is 15 times the productivity of Viet Nam. Therefore, in doing business today, beside the instability of financial sector, one of the biggest problems for Vietnamese that have been discussed so much on media is productivity of Vietnamese labor is low. This problem is agreed by both Vietnamese government officials and employees.
And many foreign managers who have worked with Vietnamese people also reveal that Vietnamese labor is intelligent and has good skills, but the output is quite low compare to 7 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com labor of other neighbor countries, this problem could relate to the motivation aspect that requires reasonable answer and solutions. Moreover, the fact is that not many managers in Vietnam consider carefully about factors that motivate their employees in doing works, encourage them to perform better. Many companies in Viet Nam have policies to motivate their employees but almost of them only focus on working environment and policies related to compensations, training or promotion, not to help their employees dealing with the conflict between work and life responsibilities. Therefore, improving work-life balance of employees is one of important factors that must to be concerned when planning encourages policies which help strengthen the human resource of Vietnamese companies.
Understand the importance of employees’ work life balance and implement reasonable policies are so important to each manager for the Vietnam banks and the whole Vietnamese economic system in competing with foreigners. In this study, work life balance will be investigated to find out the factors effect work life balance and the differences of gender toward work life balance.2 Research problem, research objective, and research questions Research problem How do family responsibilities and work pressure effect on work-life balance of employees in Vietnam banking? What are the differences of those impacts on gender? Research questions What is the factors effect work life balance of employees working in Viet Nam banks? How do the gender factor influence on the work life balance? Research objective The overall objective of this research is to identify the factors effect work life balance of employees working in Viet Nam banking sector and to find out the differences of gender toward work life balance. Specific objectives in this research are as follows: Identify factors influence work life balance of employees banking sector 8 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com Investigate effects of moderators of gender on work life balance.3 Scope of study This study will be mainly undertaken on the employees in Vietnam banking sector only which should be considered as a specific economy - developing economy with the speed of changing so fast, therefore the result of this research may not appreciate with other sector. The sample of surveying is quite small within Ho Chi Minh City which has the biggest banking business, so the result may not totally relevant to the whole country, etc.4 Significance Research results will measure the effects of the work life balance of employees.
Since then HR managers have plan to develop policies that based on gender and specific status of employees to enhance their performance.5 Structure of the thesis statements The structure of this research report consists of five chapters. Chapter 1 introduces the overview of the research topic. Chapter 2 presents the theoretical basis of the concepts involved, theoretical modeling with the proposed hypothesis. Chapter 3 presents the research methodology to test the scale and theoretical models offered.
Chapter 4 presents the results of the implementation of the testing and analysis of information and data from which to draw conclusions for the research hypotheses proposed in Chapter 2. Chapter 5 summarizes the main results of the study, the contribution of management theory and practice and also mentioned the limitations of research to guide subsequent studies. 9 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.com CHAPER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW & THEORITICAL MODEL 2.1 Introduction There are number of investigates about work life balance that has demonstrated in many studies worldwide. Those include determinants effect from both internal and external of each organization, each individual employee, and from tangible or intangible.
Each determinant could have positive or negative effect on work life balance of employees with different levels that depend on each specific situation and each kind of organization. This study only looks at work life balance that have considering in previous studies to have a general knowledge about their influence on employees, compare the difference impacts on gender and on groups of age, from that find out hypothesizes to build a model for analyzing.2 Work—life balance concepts: This section will review previous studies about causes of work life balance to see how they impacts together, and finding hypothesizes for analyzing. The concepts ‘Work-life balance’ and ‘Work-life conflict’ have received much attention in academic literature (Hayman, 2005; Moore, 2007; Pocock, 2005). We do not consider balance to be a work–family linking mechanism because it does not specify how conditions or experiences in one role are causally related to conditions or experiences in the other role (Edwards & Rothbard, 2000).
Work-life balance refers to people having enough time to have balance in their job and home life. Karakas and Lee, (2004) explain work life balance issues as spending good time with family members, getting free time to be able to relax for passionate welfare and health of family members, having good communication and support from the associated colleagues, obtaining high quality child care and education; and being satisfied with the work load. According to the study of Kinman (2001), the strongest element of psychological distress and job dissatisfaction is related to work life balance. He find out that over half of the academics survey complained that they have to regularly work at home during the evenings which cause 10 LUAN VAN CHAT LUONG download : add luanvanchat@agmail.
Netemeyer, Boles and McMurrian (1996) investigates that mainstream of the employees reported that they remained worried about work issues even after leaving the workplace and feel difficulties in sleep at home.