VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL STUDENT RESEARCH REPORT LINGUISTIC FEATURES OF IDIOMS CONTAINING THE WORDS "BLACK" AND "WHITE" IN ENGLISH AND VIETNAMESE Team Leader: Đào Đức Hiếu ID: 22070102 Class: BEL 2022C Hanoi, 4/ 2024 VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL STUDENT RESEARCH REPORT LINGUISTIC FEATURES OF IDIOMS CONTAINING THE WORDS "BLACK" AND "WHITE" IN ENGLISH AND VIETNAMESE SUPERVISOR: Hoàng Tuyết Minh TEAM MEMBER No Full name ID Class 1 Đào Đức Hiếu 22070102 BEL2022C 2 Cao Thuỳ Chi 22070261 BEL2022A 3 Dương Thị Khánh Linh 22070309 BEL2022A 4 Nguyễn Thị Phương Chi 22070212 BEL2022C Hanoi, 4/2024 1 CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY I, the undersigned, hereby certify my authority of the study project report entitled LINGUISTIC FEATURES OF IDIOMS CONTAINING THE WORDS "BLACK" AND "WHITE" IN ENGLISH AND VIETNAMESE submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master in English Language. Except where the reference is indicated, no other person’s work has been used without due acknowledgement in the text of the thesis. Hanoi, 2024 (Leader’s signature and full name) Approved by SUPERVISOR Date: Hanoi, 2024 2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We would like to express our sincere gratitude to our supervisor, Hoang Tuyet Minh, for her invaluable guidance, support, and encouragement throughout this research journey. Her expertise and dedication have been instrumental in shaping this study and helping us navigate its complexities.
We are also grateful to the organizers at IS-VNU (International School - Vietnam National University) for providing a conducive environment for academic growth and research exploration. To all our friends who have supported and encouraged our team along the way, we extend our heartfelt appreciation. Your camaraderie and encouragement have been a source of motivation and inspiration for us. Your unwavering support has not only bolstered our spirits during challenging times but also contributed significantly to our success.
We are truly grateful for your friendship and for being an integral part of our journey. Thank you for believing in us and cheering us on every step of the way. Last but not least, we are deeply indebted to all members of our family for their unwavering love, encouragement, and understanding throughout this journey. Their support has been the pillar of strength that has sustained us through the ups and downs of academic pursuit.
3 ABSTRACT This research delves into the linguistic features of idioms containing the words "black" and "white" in both English and Vietnamese, aiming to uncover their syntactic and semantic characteristics while comparing similarities and differences between the two languages. It addresses two main questions: What are the syntactic and semantic features of such idioms? And, what are the similarities and differences between these idioms in terms of their syntactic and semantic features? The purpose of this study is to provide valuable insights into the structures and meanings of these idioms in both languages. To achieve this, a mixed-methods research design is employed, involving descriptive, comparative, and contrastive analyses of over 80 idioms in English and Vietnamese. Data collection includes the examination of syntactic and semantic features of these idioms.
The findings reveal a comprehensive understanding of the linguistic features present in these idioms, drawing from seminal works and previous research. Notably, idioms containing "black" and "white" are crucial for understanding language beyond literal interpretations, offering insights into figurative and metaphorical expressions. Moreover, they provide a window into cultural and historical contexts, enriching cultural and linguistic studies. In today's interconnected world, this research contributes to better cross-cultural understanding and communication, highlighting the significance of idiomatic expressions in bridging cultural divides.
Overall, this study offers valuable implications for language learners, educators, and researchers interested in the intricacies of language and culture. 4 LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES (if any) Table 1.1: Semantic features of idiom containing the words "black" and "white" in Vietnamese Table 2.1 Syntactic features of idiom containing the words "black" and "white” in English Table 3.1 Semantic features of idiom containing the words "black" and "white" in Vietnamese Figure 4.1 Semantic features of idiom containing the words "black" and "white" in English Figure 5.1 Idioms containing the word “black" and “white" in English Figure 6.1 Idioms containing the word “black" and “white" in Vietnamese 5 TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 3 ABSTRACT 4 LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES 5 Table 1.1: Semantic features of idiom containing the words "black" and "white" in Vietnamese 5 Table 2.1 Syntactic features of idiom containing the words "black" and "white” in English 5 Table 3.1 Semantic features of idiom containing the words "black" and "white" in Vietnamese 5 Figure 4.1 Semantic features of idiom containing the words "black" and "white" in English 5 Figure 5.1 Idioms containing the word “black" and “white" in English 5 Figure 6.1 Idioms containing the word “black" and “white" in Vietnamese 5 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 8 1. Aim(s) and Objectives of the study 9 1. Scope of the study 9 1.
Methods of the study 10 1. Significance of the study 10 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 11 2. Linguistic features of idioms 11 2.2 Syntactic features of idioms 12 2. An overview of idioms 13 2.
Definition of idiom 13 2. Types of Idioms 13 2.3 An overview of culture 14 2. What is culture? 14 2.1 English Cultural features 15 2. Vietnamese Cultural features 15 2.
The relationship between culture and language 16 2. Studies on idioms in English 16 2. Studies on idioms in Vietnamese 17 2.3 Theoretical framework of the study 17 6 2.4 Summary 18 CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY 19 3. Context of the study 19 3.
Methods of the study 19 3.3 Data collection and data analysis procedures 20 3.4 Summary 21 CHAPTER 4: Syntactic features and Semantic features of idiom containing the words "black" and "white" 22 4. Syntactic features and Semantic features of idiom containing the words "black" and "white” in English 22 4. Syntactic features of idiom containing the words "black" and "white” in English 22 4. Semantic features of idiom containing the words "black" and "white” in English 25 4.2 Syntactic features and Semantic features of idiom containing the words "black" and "white” in Vietnamese 25 4.
Semantic features of idiom containing the words "black" and "white” in Vietnamese 25 4.2 Syntactic features of idiom containing the words "black" and "white” in Vietnamese 26 4.3 summary 29 CHAPTER V: SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES BETWEEN ENGLISH 29 AND VIETNAMESE IDIOMS 29 5.1 In terms of their syntactic features of idiom containing the words "black" and "white” in English & Vietnamese 30 5.2 In terms of their semantic features of idiom containing the words "black" and "white” in English & Vietnamese 30 CHAPTER VI: CONCLUSION 31 6.2 Implication of the study 31 6.3 Limitations of the study 32 6.4 Recommendations for further study 32 REFERENCES (APA STYLE) 34 APPENDICES 35 7 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1. Rationale Idioms are considered as a special form of language that carry a large amount of cultural information, such as history, geography, religion, custom, thinking pattern and so on. In our daily life, in order to express ourselves more effectively and clearly, we frequently need to call upon idioms that are defined by Palmer (1990) [46] as expressions whole meanings cannot be inferred from the meaning of its part. It can be said that studying idioms is one of the most interesting and the hardest things in the process of studying a language such as English language.
They are interesting because they are colorful and lively. However, they are also difficult for learners to know in which situations it is correct to use an idiom. Idiomatic expressions can often be very difficult to understand and even difficult for native English speakers because they have unpredictable meanings or collocations and grammar, and often have special connotations. Therefore, sometimes, language learners may be able to guess the meaning from context, but if not, it is not easy to understand the meaning.
Researching the linguistic features of idioms containing the words "black" and "white" in English and Vietnamese offers a multidimensional exploration that can provide valuable insights into the cultural, semantic, and linguistic nuances of these expressions. By analyzing idioms, one can uncover the societal values and beliefs associated with the colors "black" and "white" in each language, contributing to a deeper understanding of their symbolic meanings. Comparative analysis between English and Vietnamese idioms adds to the field of comparative linguistics, highlighting similarities and differences in linguistic structures and expressions related to color symbolism. The study's relevance extends to cross-cultural communication, aiding language learners, translators, and interpreters in navigating the subtle nuances of these idioms to prevent misinterpretations.
Additionally, the research has implications for language teaching by enhancing materials and incorporating cultural elements into lessons, fostering a comprehensive language learning experience. Furthermore, the exploration of metaphorical and figurative language in idioms contributes to the broader understanding of how colors are metaphorically used in diverse linguistic and cultural contexts. Psycholinguistically, studying idioms can unveil cognitive associations and mental representations linked to the colors "black" and "white" in each language, while tracking the evolution of these expressions over 8 time provides insights into language change and adaptation. In essence, this research encompasses a holistic approach, touching on cultural studies, linguistics, language education, cross-cultural communication, and cognitive science.
That is the reason why we have chosen the title: “LINGUISTIC FEATURES OF IDIOMS CONTAINING THE WORDS "BLACK" AND "WHITE" IN ENGLISH AND VIETNAMESE”. We believe that the result of this careful study may give us a solid knowledge of the syntax and semantics of the idioms containing the words ‘black’’ and "white" in English and Vietnamese, coupled with how they are used in different contexts, thereby identifying how two cultures differ in the ways applying them in communicating and conveying meanings. Aim(s) and Objectives of the study The aim of this study is to offer valuable insights into the linguistic features of idioms containing the words "black" and "white" in both English and Vietnamese. By identifying the syntactic and semantic characteristics of these idioms, the research aims to provide users with substantial evidence for a deeper understanding of their structures and meanings in the two languages.
In order to gain the aim of the study, the following objects are set: - To identify the syntactic and semantic features of idioms containing the words "black" and "white" in both English and Vietnamese. - To make a comparison between idioms containing the words "black" and "white" in both English and Vietnamese in terms of their syntactic and semantic features. What are syntactic and semantic features of idioms containing the words "black" and "white" in both English and Vietnamese? 2. What are the similarities and differences between idioms containing the words "black" and "white" in both English and Vietnamese in terms of their syntactic and semantic features? 1.
Scope of the study The scope of this study encompasses a focused exploration of the linguistic features found in idioms containing the words "black" and "white" in both English and Vietnamese. The research adopts a dual approach, employing both semantic and syntactic perspectives to systematically determine and describe the characteristics of these idioms. 86 idioms both in Vietnamese and English are collected from Dictionaries in English and Vietnamese and also searched in the Internet. The methods employed involve a comparative and contrastive analysis, drawing insights from 9 seminal works such as "Metaphors We Live By" by George Lakoff and Mark Johnson (1980) and the research conducted by Nguyen Dinh Tam in 2011 and idioms dictionary.
The study aims to provide implications for the learning of color idioms, particularly those involving "black" and "white," in English and Vietnamese, offering valuable insights for language learners and educators alike. Methods of the study The study will employ a mixed-methods research design, based on descriptive, comparative, and contrastive analysis of more than 136 idioms both in Vietnamese and English. Data will be collected through syntactic features of idioms, and semantic features of idioms.