NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI SCHOOL OF BUSINESS WZ HO LE QUY BUILDING REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST IN HANOI Major: Business Administration Code : 60 34 05 MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION THESIS. Supervisor: Dr Pham Quy Long Hanoi —2010 TABLE OF CONTENT ACKNOWLEDGEMENT. LIST OF TABLES. LIST OF FIGURES AND GRAPHS BEGINNING.
CHAPTER 1 OVERVIEW OF REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST.1 Real estate investment Trust (REIT).3 Some operation rule of REIT.4 Some Macroeconomic Factors affect to REIT. Differences between REIT and other real estate investment companies.1 REIT certificates have the same nature with bond 1.5 Main business activitie Benefits of REIT, 1.1 Benefits of REIT to investor 1.2 Benefits of REIT to economy 1.4, EXPERIENCE LESSONS FROM BUILD AND DEVELOPMENT PROCESS OF REIT IN COUNTRIES.1 Introduction of some REIT on the world 1.2 Success of REIT in countries. HOUSING MARKET AND FINANCIAL SOURCE FOR REAL ESTATE BUSINESS IN HANOI.1 HOUSING MARKET IN HANOI CITY.1 Overview of Vietnam’s property market 2.2 Property market in HANO} 2.2 Financial sources for real estate business 2.1 Overview of real estate finance.2 The Major capital sources on primary real estate market.3 Difficulties in financing for real estate projects 2.4 Disadvantages in real estate trading caused by lack of monetary supply 2.3 STUDY REIT (REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST) AND NECESSITY OF ESTABLISHING REIT IN HANOI.1 Existence of REITs in Vietnam.2 Differences between REIT and other Investment Fund in Vietnam.3 Necessity of establishing a model of REIT in Hanoi. Conclusion: CHAPTER 3, SOLUTIONS FOR ESTABLISHING REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUSTS IN HANOL 3.1 PROPOSAL OF REITS MODEL IN HANOI.
‘Types of REITs should be established.2 Framework of organization 3.2 FOUNDATION BASIS AND OPERATIONAL PRINCIPLE.1 Foundation basis of REIT Company 3.2 Operational principles of REIT.3 Operation of REIT (General) 3.4 The REIT ratings methodology 3.1 Real estate market consolidation .2 Consolidating securities market and making condition for development of professional knowledge on securitization.3 Building up and promulgation law on REIT. Organizational Rules in some countries APPENDIX 2. APPENDIX 3 LIST OF TABLES Table 1.1 Dividend versus risk free rate Table 2.1 Statistics of apartment for sale on the market Table 2.2 Statistics of for lease apartment market (6/2009) Table 2.3 Intemational standard hotels in Hanoi Table 2.4 Situation of real estate loan balance in Hanoi Table 3.1 Some activity features of private and public REIT LIST OF FIGURES AND GRAPHS Figure 1 Model of REIT organized as a fund Figure 1.2 Model of traditional REIT Figure 1.3 UPREIT Model Figure 1.4 DOWNREIT Model Figure 1.5 Pacific REITs by sub-sector Figure 1.6 Total numbers of REITs by country Figure 2.1 Supply forecast, 2009 ~ 2012 Figure Future rooms supplies in Hanoi Figure 2.3 Stock and New Supply, 2009 - 2012 Figure 24 Capital Structure Figure 2.5 Capital demand Figure 3.1 REIT model like a company in Vietnam Figure 3.2 Suggested REIT model in Vietnam BEGINNING a. Introduction With the transition of the economy from centralized planning economy to the economy under market mechanism, understanding and awareness of land ‘management, housing development and real estate market in Vietnam has changed a lot.
Real estate market has achieved the remarkable development steps in recent years thanks to the socioeconomic development of Vietnam and policies of housing development and use of land by the government According to statistics by General Statistical Office, the average population of Hanoi City in 2010 is 6.5 million, Hanoi City is one of the largest and most dynamic economic centers in Vietnam with annual GDP making up for 12% of national GDP and GDP growth rate of more than 11% per year Í*”, Hanoi City has been attracting a large number of domestic and foreign investors, businesses and immigrants in recent years, Therefore, the real estate market in Hanoi City is one of the most vibrant markets in Vietnam, In fact, the state has many efforts but the real estate market is just only at the initiation stage with potential risks and unstableness due to the inadequacy between the orientation of land use strategy, master planning and legal framework and tools supporting the market. Basically, the real estate market in Vietnam still focuses primarily on land use rights transfer business, In addition to the actual needs on real estates for residents and trade business, there are so many needs about investment in land of speculators ‘Those who invest in land normally transfer land use rights in the suburban regions to procure imparity shares when the land price increases as the speculators do. According to the Department of Natural Resources and Environment of Hanoi City, from 2000 to late 2009, there were 2,300 real estate investment projects with a total area of used land up to 11,$00 hectares. However, most of these projects have not been completely implemented by investors.
In other words, there is no complete real estate product such as infrastructure; housing and other real estate was conducted to generate profits in the primary market, Just in fact, over the last time, for the real estate market, activities are mainly the transfer of land use rights for business on the secondary market This situation makes potential risks arise and be serious for immature market, because this situation could lead to too high and impractical real estate price, which is out beyond the ability of payment of those with actual housing needs and enterprises trading real estate. It will be more risk if many individual of legal entity investors rush into real estate investment but haye no suitable and carefull business strategy, while sources of land are limited, Moreover, in recent years, people tend to change the way of putting aside unused money and savings from gold or cash to real estate investment with expectation of eaming more profits than saving. Just this reason made the market "hot" in 1995, 2000, 2002 and 2007 Since 2004, the government issued some policies and regulations to help real estate market to develop strongly and limit risks that may occur. Since there are Decree No.
181/ND-CP dated October 29th 2004 of the Government with regulations related prohibition against the dividend into plots for background sale, the real estate market in Hanoi City as well as many other locals has been signal of slowdown, the land prices reduces, particularly prices of agricultural land, and the case of illegal transfer reduces visibly, Decree No 69/2009 ND ~CP, and Decree No 71/2010 ND-CP. In addition, many real estate investors have gradually changed their business strategy to invest in the secondary market with a long-term goal because they believe that the real estate market continues to be vibrant and full of promises of good prospects in the coming period. b, Proposal Main concem of real estate investors is fisnding capital. The enterprises trading in this field often require a large amount and long-term capital.
However, regarding the real power of investors in the real estate market now, the majority are tnqualified on financial capacity to conduct projects by themselves to create complete products for the primary market. Most of investors conduct the projects in 1ã small scale, but can only perform the investment preparation phase, or compensation of agricultural land, Funds to build technical and social infrastructures, houses for sale must base on the advanced capital sources of buyers and credit sources of commercial banks, Generally, most of the real estate projects are funded from (i) the capital source of investors - but very small, (ii) the advanced capital sources of buyers and (iii) medium-term and short-term credit sources of commercial banks. However, these financial sources always are limited while demand for capital increases constantly. Moreover, capital market has not kept a key role in developing the real estate market for years, it was due to the lack of financial instruments supporting real estate business activities, We can sce that the investors have not been enough finaricial capacity to complete the real estate projects.
When the government issued policies and regulations stated above, the real estate investors can resolve the difficult problem about capital to carry out the projects. In fact, many individual or legal entity investors want to invest in the real estate market but do not have enough funds to buy wholly a single product and on the other hand, they also are interested in the liquidity in real estate business and the demand of investment diversification into other assets ‘Therefore, the author believe that, one of positive solutions to resolve the problem of capital markets in real estate market is to find mechanisms and tools to mobilize capital effectively that can help to connect real estate market with capital flow channels from financial markets. For that reason, the author want to mention the review of REIT model with strategy to mobilize capital broadly in the public who have needs of real estate investment but with a fixed capital. This will contribute to limit the risks related to the land speculation as well as risks related to bank credit in the area of real estate investment financing.
‘The author want that through the project "Building Real estate Investment Trust in Hanoi city", further researches shall be suggested to find new solutions of mobilizing sources of capital funding for the real estate market of Hanoi City ©) Research purposes This project will focus on answering 02 big questions as follows: i Why REIT can be a long-term fund mobilization model that suitable for real estate market in Hanoi? ii The necessary conditions for implementation of the REIT in Hanoi? d) Scope of research Because the form of Real estate Investment Trust is new to Vietnam, but in fact it has been applied in many countries on the world such as USA, United Kingdom, Japan, Singapore. the research project is only focused to © Areas of rescarch: Hanoi City © Real estate business activities (including actual situation of real estate market, needs of product development and funding capital sources .) at the main primary real estate market segment in Hanoi City, This research does not include researching the secondary real estate market, the laws and regulations, policies related to real estate business activities. * State and Joint-stock banks, foreign and state investment funds, private and foreign real estate companies running in Hanoi City © Some typical REIT models in Asia, American and European Angle of real estate developers but not go into the details of going into professional knowledge technical on securitization. ‘This research is studied in order to identify the REIT model to answer the issues brought out.
The recommendations on REIT establishment in this study are strategically ideas. The proposal of building REIT in Hanoi City is seen as one of solutions of mobilizing sources of capital funding for the real estate business activities. Therefore, the scope of research of this research will include bringing out the solutions of models, operation principles of REIT in Hanoi and assistance measures ‘These recommendations should have further research on many aspects to apply in practice. ©) Research method This is a qualitative research on the theories, which haye previous solid foundation, These theories were searched and exploited based on the data collected systematically, Based on the establishment of specific research goals, the author uses many different methods.
Among them, the main method used is the analysis method to clarify the needs of real estate products and define the model of new capital mobilization tools to meet the needs of real estate investment capital. On the other hand, the analysis makes clear the benefits of new investment channel so that investors can use when they want to invest in real estate business. In addition, this research uses the comparison method to compare among REITs in the countries on the world to draw the practical lessons when applying to Vietnam. Other support methods such as experience survey, depth interview are used to clarify more clearly the issues on research practice.