MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HO CHI MINH CITY UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND EDUCATION GRADUATION THESIS AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY MODELLING AND CONTROLING BRAKE ASSIST SYSTEM (BAS) INSTRUCTOR: NGUYEN MANH CUONG, Ph. STUDENT: LE DUC CHINH VO NGOC KHOI NGUYEN SKL012843 Ho Chi Minh City, June 2024 Y55HO CHI MINH CITY UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND EDUCATION FACULTY OF INTERNATIONAL EDUCATION GRADUATION PROJECT MODELLING AND CONTROLING BRAKE ASSIST SYSTEM (BAS) LE ĐUC CHINH Student ID: 2014403 VO NGOC KHOI NGUYEN Student ID: 20145015 Major: AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY Supervisor: NGUYEN MANH CUONG, Ph. Ho Chi Minh City, June 2024 THE SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM Independence – Freedom– Happiness -------- Ho Chi Minh City, January 20, 2023 GRADUATION PROJECT ASSIGNMENT Student name: Lê Đức Chính Student ID: 20145403 Student name: Võ Ngọc Khôi Nguyên Student ID: 20145015 Major: Automotive Engineering Technology Class: 20145CLA1-2 Supervisor: Nguyễn Mạnh Cường, Ph.D Phone number: _________________ Date of assignment: _____________________ Date of submission: _____________ 1. Initial materials provided by supervisor: ___________________________________ 3.
Content of the project: _________________________________________________ 4. Final product: ________________________________________________________ CHAIR OF THE PROGRAM SUPERVISOR (Sign with full name) (Sign with full name) THE SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM Independence – Freedom– Happiness -------- ---- SUPERVISOR’S EVALUATION SHEET Student name: Lê Đức Chính Student ID: 20145403 Student name: Võ Ngọc Khôi Nguyên Student ID: 20145015 Major:. Supervisor: Nguyễn Mạnh Cường, Ph. Content of the project:.
Approval for oral defense? (Approved or denied). Ho Chi Minh City, month day, year SUPERVISOR (Sign with full name) THE SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM Independence – Freedom– Happiness -------- PRE-DEFENSE EVALUATION SHEET Student name: Le Đuc Chinh Student ID: 20145403 Student name: Vo Ngoc Khoi Nguyen Student ID: 20145015 Major:. Name of Examiner:. Content and workload of the project.
Approval for oral defense? (Approved or denied) .) Ho Chi Minh City, month day, year EXAMINER (Sign with full name) THE SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM Independence – Freedom– Happiness -------- EVALUATION SHEET OF DEFENSE COMMITTEE MEMBER Student name: Le Đuc Chinh Student ID: 20145403 Student name: Vo Ngoc Khoi Nguyen Student ID: 20145015 Major:. Name of Defense Committee Member:. Content and workload of the project .) Ho Chi Minh City, month day, year COMMITTEE MEMBER (Sign with full name) Acknowledgements First and foremost, we would want to express our gratitude to our families and friends for their unconditional support, motivation, and encouragement during our academic pursuits. Despite all the difficulties encountered while working on this project, we would want to express our gratitude to our families for their constant support.
Even in the face of hardship, their dedication, love, and inspiration kept us moving forward. We thank everyone who helped finish this project report and appreciate their efforts. We would like to express our gratitude to HCMUTE and our project advisor, Ph. Nguyen Manh Cuong, for giving us the chance to work on this project and for their ongoing assistance and direction throughout the procedure.
We also want to express our appreciation to the Faculty of International Education for giving us the knowledge and resources necessary to complete this project. We are inspired to strive for the same level of success in all of our academic endeavors by their commitment to quality in the curriculum. We sincerely thank everyone who contributed to the project and the study subjects since without them, this project would not have been feasible. We also like to once more thank Ph.
Nguyen Manh Cuong, the project committee’s chair, for spending time to evaluate and review our project. Finally, we want to take a moment to appreciate every individual who has crossed our path and contributed to inspire and mold our thoughts, ideas, and creativity. We would like to once more extend our sincere thanks to everyone who aided us finish this project report in such way. i Abstract In order to improve vehicle safety and avoid accidents, a major focus in recent years has been the development of modern automobile safety systems.
Brake Assist technologies (BAS), one of these technologies, are crucial for shortening stopping distances and enhancing overall braking performance. The topic of modeling and managing brake assist systems is covered in this abstract, along with a review of the important ideas, approaches, and developments in the area. The abstract's first section explains the underlying ideas that underlie brake assist systems, emphasizing the necessity of precise modeling to comprehend their behavior and enhance performance. It explores how the different sensors, actuators, and control algorithms included in a conventional BAS interact to provide efficient braking assistance.
The problems and prospects in modeling and regulating braking assist systems are covered in the abstract's conclusion. It addresses the necessity for thorough validation procedures that consider human variables and real-world circumstances. It also draws attention to the potential application of cutting-edge technology, such artificial intelligence and machine learning, to improve the functionality and security of braking assist systems. In conclusion, this abstract offer information about the modeling and regulating facets of brake assist systems.
Researchers and engineers may efficiently enhance brake assist systems, contributing significantly to overall vehicle safety and accident avoidance, by understanding the underlying concepts, modelling approaches, and control tactics. ii Table of Contents Acknowledgements. ii Table of Contents. iii List of Figures .v List of Tables.
viii List of Abbreviation. ix Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION .2 Related works / Lit review .3 Study range and planning .9 Chapter 2: THEORETICAL BASIS .1 Factors affecting to braking efficieny .6 Maintenance and Service .2 Brake performance assessment criteria .4 Braking force and individual braking force .3 Brake Assist System types .1 Mechanical Brake Assist .2 Hydraulic Brake Assist .34 Chapter 3: MODELLING AND SIMULATING.2 ABS and BAS Simulation .56 Chapter 4: Case studies .1 At the initial speed of 80 kph .2 At the initial speed of 100kph .74 iv List of Figures Fig 1. Presentation of the development of friction material formulations during the past 20 years. Hydraulic braking system.
Reasons Why Brakes Fail. The electrical circuit for recording the brake pedal course time on the roller brake tester. The braking distance based on the state of the asphalt surface. Heavy metal contamination of roads and rivers.
Turnkey brake tester. Details on the regulatory valves and plunger of a conventional vacuum booster. EVA 2 activation prevents brake fluid from reaching the reaction piston. In EVA 2, the boost ratio is determined by the flow of brake fluid to the response piston during gradual braking.
Regulation Valves of EV3. Detail of element 3 in Figure 2. Brake Assist System ‘s diagram: a - Brake servo, b - Brake pressure sensor, c - Brake light switch, d - Hydraulic unit, e - Return flow pump, f - Control unit, g - Brake slave cylinder, h - Speed sensor. The trigger conditions.
Brake Pressure and Pedal Pressure. Wheel speed sensor simulation. Bang-bang Controller calculation. Hydraulic lag block.
Relative slip calculator block. Output of ABS. Braking force calculation. Braking distance of ABS.
Braking distance in idea 1. Brake pressure in idea 1. Relative slip ratio of ABS. Relative slip ratio of BAS in idea 1.
Matlab Function block. Brake pressure in idea 2. Relative slip ratio in idea 2. Braking distance in idea 2.
Wheel speed in idea 2. Braking efficiency in idea 2. ABS + BAS in idea 3. Brake pressure in idea 3.
Braking distance in idea 3. Relative slip ratio in idea 3. Braking efficiency in idea 3. Braking distance at 80kph of vehicle with ABS only (simualtion time 15).
Brake pressure at 80kph (idea 1). Braking distance at 80kph (idea 1). Relative slip ratio at 80kph (idea 1). Relative slip ratio at 80kph of vehicle with ABS only.
Braking distance of vehicle with ABS only at 80kph (simulation time 14). Braking distance of BAS at 80kph (idea 2). Brake pressure at 80kph (idea 2). Relative slip ratio at 80 kph (idea 2).
Braking Eficiency at 80kph (idea 2). Braking distance at 80kph (idea 3). Braking effciency at 80kph (idea 3). Relative slip ratio at 80kph (idea 3).
Brake pressure at 80kph (idea 3). Braking dis tance at 100kph (idea 1). Braking distance at 100kph of vehicle with ABS only. Brake pressure at 100 kph (idea 2).
Braking distance at 100kph (idea 2). Relative slip ratio at 100kph (idea 2). Braking efficiency at 100kph (idea 2). Braking distance at 100kph (idea 3).
Brake pressure at 100 kph (idea 3). Braking efficiency at 100kph (idea 3). Relative slip ratio at 100kph (idea 3).73 vii List of Tables TABLE 2. Mechanical characteristics of composites C/C-SiC.
Brake fluid boiling points according to absorbed humidity. Various pressures and braking efficiency on the roller brake testing. The adherence coefficients for various surface types.Testing vehicles in Malaysian study.1 Parameters of a Civic. Input parameters at 80kph.
Input parameters at 100kph.68 viii List of Abbreviation ABS: Anti-lock Braking System ADAS: Advanced Driver Assistance Systems BA: Brake Assist BAS: Brake Assist System BAP: Brake Assist Preview DC: Direct current DVSA: Driver Vehicle Standard Agency EBA: Emergency Brake Assist EBD: Electronic Braking Distribution EC: Euroupean Commission ECE 13: Economic Commission Europe ESC: Electronic Stability Control ESP: Electronic Stability Program EVA: Emergency Valve Assistance FAT: Final Acceptance Test ISP: Injury Severity Probability STRIDE: Science & Technology Research Institute for Defence TCS: Traction Control System WHO: World Health Organization ix Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Rationale The brake assist system, which gives drivers extra braking power in emergency circumstances, is essential to modern car safety. The necessity to create sophisticated models and control schemes for brake assist systems becomes more and more important as automotive technology advances. In order to avoid accidents and guarantee passenger safety, brake reaction must be effective. The brake assist system may be modelled and controlled to improve performance and provide a greater knowledge of the system dynamics.
Engineers may create cutting-edge control methods that improve the brake response and shorten stopping distances by precisely modeling the system using modeling techniques like physics-based or data-driven approaches. To work at their best, brake assist systems must perfectly mesh with the overall dynamics of a vehicle. The integration of the brake assist system with other vehicle systems, such as the electronic stability control (ESC) and anti-lock braking systems (ABS), is made easier by modelling and control approaches. Particularly in difficult driving conditions like slick roads or rapid lane changes, this integration enables synchronized control measures to ensure effective braking while preserving vehicle stability.
The brake assist system can be adjusted to suit different driving conditions and driver preferences using modeling and control strategies. Accurate modeling helps produce the right braking force based on factors like vehicle speed, pedal force, and driver behavior. Modern control algorithms enable on-the-fly adjustments to enhance the system's response under different conditions. Our project aims to model and control a prototype of a Brake Assistive System (BAS) using Matlab Simulink to examine its function.
We will build components and embed them into various situations to achieve specifications and validate BAS's functionality. This focus on modeling and control research will improve predictive braking, cooperative vehicle-to-vehicle communication, and autonomous driving.2 Objective • Develop accurtate models of Brake Assist System • Optimize the Performance of Brake Assist Systems 1 • Ensure Integration and Coordination with Other Safety Systems • Explore Future Technological Advancements • Improve Overall Vehicle Safety and Accident Prevention 1.3 Purpose • Identify and understand the key components and dynamics of brake assist systems. • Investigate control strategies and algorithms for brake assist systems. • Develop comprehensive validation methodologies that encompass real-world scenarios and driving conditions.
• Investigate the integration of emerging technologies, such as machine learning, artificial intelligence, and connectivity, into brake assist systems. • Enhance the performance and effectiveness of brake assist systems to reduce the risk of accidents.2 Related works / Lit review Nghien cuu he thong phanh ABS va cac he thong an toan khac tren o to An overview of ABS and other safety systems is provided in this paper.
