HANOI OPEN UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF ENGLISH ====== M.A THESIS USING MIND-MAPPING STRATEGIES TO ENHANCE ENGLISH VOCABULARY FOR THE SEVENTH - GRADE STUDENTS AT A SECONDARY SCHOOL IN BAC NINH (SỬ DỤNG CHIẾN LƯỢC BẢN ĐỒ TƯ DUY ĐỂ CẢI THIỆN TỪ VỰNG TIẾNG ANH CHO HỌC SINH LỚP 7 Ở MỘT TRƯỜNG THCS Ở BẮC NINH) PHAM THI THOM Field: English Language Code: 8.01 Hanoi, 2023 1 HANOI OPEN UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF ENGLISH ====== M.A THESIS USING MIND-MAPPING STRATEGIES TO ENHANCE ENGLISH VOCABULARY FOR THE SEVENTH - GRADE STUDENTS AT A SECONDARY SCHOOL IN BAC NINH (SỬ DỤNG CHIẾN LƯỢC BẢN ĐỒ TƯ DUY ĐỂ CẢI THIỆN TỪ VỰNG TIẾNG ANH CHO HỌC SINH LỚP 7 Ở MỘT TRƯỜNG THCS Ở BẮC NINH) PHAM THI THOM Field: English Language Code: 8. Le Phuong Thao Hanoi, 2023 2 CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY I, the undersigned, hereby certify my authority of the study project report entitled USING MIND-MAPPING STRATEGIES TO ENHANCE ENGLISH VOCABULARY FOR THE SEVENTH- GRADE STUDENTS AT A SECONDARY SCHOOL IN BAC NINH submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master in English Language. Except where the reference is indicated, no other person’s work has been used without due acknowledgement in the text of the thesis. Hanoi, 2023 Pham Thi Thom Approved by SUPERVISOR Le Phuong Thao Date: …………………… i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to express my sincere gratitude to those who assisted me in completing this thesis.
Without their direction and guidance, this paper may not have been finished. Without my supervisor, Dr. Le Phuong Thao, this thesis would not be nearly as complete. In addition, I would like to extend my gratitude to all the lecturers at the English Faculty of Hanoi Open University for providing me with scholarly knowledge, valuable lectures, and instructions that assisted me in completing the final project.
Furthermore, I am grateful to the Library Department instructors who made it easier for me to browse and acquire data for this thesis. And last but not least, I want to express my gratitude to my friends and family, my seniors, and my professors for their continuous backing and support throughout this period. ii ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to determine how Mind-Mapping Strategies (MMS) encourage the seventh-grade students at Le Van Thinh secondary school enhance their vocabulary, what elements impact the implementation of MMS for learning English Vocabulary (LEV), and the opinions of s students regarding the use of MMS to acquire English Vocabulary (EV). To achieve the purpose of the study, the researcher employed a sequential explanatory approach that incorporated quantitative and qualitative techniques.
Sequential explaining is a form of hybrid method in which quantitative data collection is followed by qualitative data collection to strengthen the quantitative data. Students' test results from the pre-test, post-test, short-term memories (STM) test, and long-term memory (LTM) test are used to collect qualitative data. Tests and interviews are used to acquire data using the quantitative method. Descriptive language is used to convey the results of exams and interviews.
The analysis is used to examine the elements which affect the utilization of MMS for LEV based on the findings of the tests and the interview, as well as the data garnered from the analysis of the test and interview results. The test results indicate that MMS could enhance the EV of the seventh-grade students at the Le Van Thinh secondary school. The results of the interview indicate that MMS facilitated them with enhancing their EV, as they suggested that MMS enabled them to recall EVs more effectively and naturally due to the colors and logical structure. Key Words: Mind-Mapping Strategies, Learning English Vocabulary.
iii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS EFL English as a Foreign Language ELS English Learners EV English Vocabulary LEV Learning English Vocabulary LTM Long-Term Memory MMS Mind-Mapping strategies STM Short-Term Memory LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. Mind-mapping example about mind mapping based on Buzan (2005) 16 Figure 2. Mind-mapping example about six thinking hats based on Buzan (2005) 17 Figure 3. Mind-mapping example about family based on Buzan (2005) 18 Figure 4.
Mind-mapping example about connecting with nature based on Buzan (2005) 19 Figure 5. Mind-mapping example about solving global warming based on Buzan (2005) 20 Figure 6. Mind-mapping example about ideal future based on Buzan (2005) 21 LIST OF APPENDICES Appendix I: Test 54 Appendix II: List of Vocabulary 54 Appendix III: Interview Questions 56 LIST OF TABLES AND CHARTS Table 1: The Sample 23 Table 2: The Rubric of Speaking 29 Table 3: Statistical Table of Pre-test and Post-test Results of Class A 35 Table 4: Statistical Table of Pre-test and Post-test Results of Class B 35 iv Chart 1: The results of the pre-test and post-test of class A 33 Chart 2: The results of the pre-test and post-test of class B 34 Chart 3: The results of the STM test and LTM test of class A 37 Chart 4: The results of the STM test and LTM test of class B 38 v TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER I: Introduction 1 1. Aim and objectives 2 1.
Methods of the study 3 1. Scope of the study 3 1. Significance of the study 4 1. Structure of the study 4 CHAPTER II: Literature Review 6 2.
Review of previous studies 6 2. Review of related studies worldwide 6 2.2 Review of related studies in Vietnam 7 2. Information Processing Theory 7 2. Knowledge Visualization Theory 8 2.
Brain Science Theory 9 2. Mind-Mapping Strategies 9 2. Definition of Mind-Mapping Strategies 9 2. Advantages of Using Mind-Mapping Strategies 12 2.
Characteristics of Mind-Mapping Strategies 14 2. How to make a Mind-Map Strategies 15 2. Summary 22 CHAPTER III: Research Methodology 23 3. Population and Sample 23 3.
Research Design 24 vi 3. Quasi-Experiment Teaching 24 3. Summary 31 CHAPTER IV: FINDING AND DISCUSSION 32 4. Results of tests 32 4.
Results of the interview 39 4. Some suggestions for using mind-mapping strategies to LEV 43 4. Summary 45 CHAPTER V: Conclusion 47 5. Limitation of the study 50 51 5.
Recommendations and suggestions for further research REFERENCES APPENDICES vii CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION This chapter deals with the introduction of the thesis. This chapter starts with the rationale of the study. Then, the aims and objectives and research questions of this study. Next, it is the method, scope and significance of the thesis.
The structure of the study comes in the end. Rationale Coady and Huckin's (1997) statement that "vocabulary is central to language acquisition and of critical importance to the typical language learner" is accurate. Words are essential since they are a part of every language and without them, there would be no such thing as communication. We all utilize language as a tool for interpersonal communication and for expressing ourselves.
One of the language elements that contribute to the acquisition and application of language skills is vocabulary. This is a crucial issue since words function as symbols or indicators for concepts. They serve as the conduit through which individuals communicate their beliefs. We have more notions as we acquire new vocabulary.
As a consequence, we can express our thoughts more effectively. Learning a language is essential because vocabulary is necessary for communication. Therefore, all students of English or other languages should be accustomed to these words. Those who have a mastery of the language's vocabulary may find it easier to express themselves in writing and speech, as well as to understand what others mean by using various terms.
Since they do not understand the meanings of words, they will be unable to read, write, or converse in English. Vocabulary is seen as important to effective communication in this model. Learning a language helps with schoolwork in every area. students are required to learn a foreign language as a means of better understanding themselves, their own culture, and the cultures of others.
students’ need to develop these four skills in order to become fluent in a new language. Listening, talking, reading, and writing are the four pillars of language proficiency. They also need to be proficient in three areas related to the study of language. The three parts are the grammar, the vocabulary, and the pronunciation.
1 Words are symbols or markers of ideas. People use them to talk to one another and share their thoughts. Learning new vocabulary expands our horizons and facilitates clearer expression. Students and instructors of English need extensive vocabularies to learn and teach all linguistic skills.
The use of vocabulary is facilitated by the other language aspects as well as the four language skills. Vocabulary acquisition is an essential aspect of language study, but it is not an easy undertaking. A low score does not indicate that there have been no attempts to resolve the issue. Both instructors and students have attempted to teach and acquire vocabulary using a variety of strategies and techniques.
However, numerous factors are believed to affect the teaching and learning process. Students with a little vocabulary will have difficulty following along with lectures and following conversations. Students spend a lot of time studying English vocabulary, but the results are often disappointing and frustrating. This is because many students’approach vocabulary study in the same tiresome way that they approach grammar study: by memorizing definitions.
Consequently, it is preferable to find a powerful mind-mapping approach for instructing kids in English vocabulary. Vocabulary has been regarded as a crucial aspect in language learning because of its central role in preventing learners from running into problems throughout the language acquisition process. Students ' linguistic abilities may be greatly improved by working to increase their vocabulary. Which comes next? Vocabulary learning is notoriously challenging for students of foreign languages.
While vocabulary acquisition tactics are not a major focus area in the English Department at Hanoi Open University, a small number of student -led research projects have been done in this area. The researcher hopes to add to and deepen our understanding of this fascinating issue in the course of this work. Aim and objectives This study is aimed to describe MMS which was applied in the classroom to facilitate students’ EV. The results obtained can pave the way for several implications for teachers to make better decisions on encouraging their students to LEV by using MMS.
2 The study is aimed at achieving the following objectives: - Finding out whether MMS helps the seventh- grade students in the experimental group improve their EV more than these students in the control group or not; - Investigating the factors that influence the application of MMS for LEV and the opinions of the seventh- grade students toward using MMS to acquire EV. How does MMS help the seventh- grade students in the experimental group improve their English vocabulary in comparison with these students in the control group? 2. What factors affect the application of MMS for LEV and the opinions of the seven- grade students toward using MMS to acquire EV? 1. Methods of the study The objectives of this study are to determine how MMS allows students to enhance their English vocabulary and how students ' vocabulary improves.
Consequently, the author utilized a sequential explanatory approach that combined both qualitative and quantitative techniques. Sequential explanatory is a form of hybrid method in which quantitative data collection is followed by gathering qualitative information to strengthen the quantitative data. Multiple methodologies, including qualitative, quantitative, descriptive, and analytic, were used to conduct the study. The pre-test, post-test, STM test, as well as LTM test outcomes for students are analyzed qualitatively in order to glean relevant data.
Quantitative methods are utilized to collect data through exams and interviews. Descriptive language is used to convey the results of exams and interviews. Analysis is used to examine the elements which have an impact on the utilization of MMS for LEV based on the data obtained from evaluations and interviews.