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Nghiên cứu các yếu tố quyết định lòng trung thành của khách hàng trong ngành ngân hàng bán lẻ tại TP.HCM. Tìm hiểu xu hướng và chiến lược hiệu quả.

Trường đại học

Vietnam-Netherlands Program

Người đăng

Ẩn danh

Thể loại

thesis

2011

66
0
0

Phí lưu trữ

30 Point

Mục lục chi tiết

ACKNOWLEGEMENTS

TABLE OF CONTENTS

LIST OF FIGURES

LIST OF TABLES

1. CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION

1.1. RESEARCH STATEMENT

1.2. RESEARCH OBJECTIVES

1.3. RESEARCH QUESTIONS

1.4. RESEARCH SCOPE

1.5. RESEARCH STRUCTURE

2. CHAPTER II: LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1. CUSTOMER LOYALTY

2.2. FACTORS AFFECT CUSTOMER LOYALTY

2.2.1. Service Quality

2.2.2. Price

3. CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3.1. Data Analysis Technique

4. CHAPTER IV: DATA ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS

4.1. Measurement Scale Refinement

4.2. Exploratory Factor Analysis

4.3. Correlation Coefficient Analysis

4.4. Multiple Regression Results

4.5. Interpreting Customer Loyalty Equation and testing Hypotheses

4.6. Means Score Comparison between VCB with other banks and Industry Average

5. CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

5.1. Determinants of Customer Loyalty

5.2. Comparison between Vietcombank and Industry Average

5.3. Recommendations to Vietcombank

5.3.1. Improving the Service Quality

5.3.2. Improving Switching cost

APPENDICES

Appendix 1. Questionnaire- English version

Appendix 2. Questionnaire- Vietnamese version

Appendix 3. Reliability of all variables (23 items)

Appendix 4. Results of exploratory factor analysis (EFA)

Appendix 5. Correlation of coefficients

LIST OF FIGURES

LIST OF TABLES

ABBREVIATIONS

Trích đoạn nội dung tài liệu

DETERMINANTS OF CUSTOMER LOYALTY IN RETAIL BANKING IN HO CHI MINH CITY BY PHAM THI THU HA MDE CLASS 15 ., ~· ··~ -· "A thesis was submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Development Economics degree (MDE) of Vietnam- Netherlands program for M.A in Development Economics" ., ' ' July, 2011 ~1 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com i ACKNOWLEGEMENTS I am greatly thankful to my supervisor, Dr Cao Hao Thi, whose valuable advice and guidance at every stage of my thesis to help me to develop an understanding of this research. I also give thanks to all professors, tutors, MDE staff for giving me academic knowledge and advice and my classmates for encouragement to complete the thesis. I would like to thank Service Managers at VCB and friends who works at banks who supported me in building the questionnaires and collecting data for this study. Finally, I would like to give special thanks to my parents, aunt and sister and friends who give me great and warm support me to follow this MDE program. In spite of my endeavour, this study may have many shortcomings and limitations. I am looking forward to receive suggestions and opinions of teachers and colleagues. I -·· TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.- With the development of financial market in Vietnam especially retail banking sector, bank managers should have many strategies to keep customers stay with their banks longer. The bank mangers focus on the loyalty of their customers because they know the revenue and cost savings from the old customers are greater than from the attracting the new ones. Thus, bank managers need to find solutions to impact the factors that influence customer loyalty to compete with the other banks. This study focuses on two objectives: identifying the determinants of customer loyalty in retail banking in Ho Chi Minh city, and based on the results to give recommendations to improve the loyalty of state-owned banks' customers, in this case, it is Vietcombank. The qualitative and quantitative method will be applied to find out the determinants of customer loyalty in retail banking. The findings of this research show that factors which affect customer loyalty are Service Quality, Price and Switching Cost. They have strong influence on customer loyalty with the strongest impact factor is Price (beta coefficient 0.583) and two factors Service Quality (beta coefficient 0. Based on the findings, recommendations for Vietcombank to improve customer loyalty such as: diversifying distribution channels and service-products, different price strategies for each kind of customers, some special program for VIP customers, etc . This study only makes survey on 8 banks in HCMC, there are 2 state-owned banks (Vietcombank and Agribank), 2 private-owned banks (ACB and VIBBank), 2 joint-venture banks (Indovina Bank and Vid Public) and 2 foreign-owned banks (HSBC and Citibank). It should be widen to more banks, big areas to increase the accuracy of the research. This study provides useful information for future researchers who study customer loyalty in banking industry. Keywords: Service quality, Price, switching cost, customer loyalty, retail banking. 11 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . ii TABLE OF CONTENTS . iii LIST OF FIGURES . vi LIST OF TABLES . vii CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION . 2 CHAPTER II: LITERATURE REVIEW .2 Factors affect Customer Loyalty .3 Conceptual framework and hypotheses .4 Adjustment ofMeasurement Scales .12 lll TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.13 CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY .4 Data Analysis Technique .19 CHAPTER IV: DATA ANALYSIS AND FINGDINGS .2 Measurement Scale Refinement .2 Exploratory Factor Analysis .1 Correlation Coefficient Analysis .2 Multiple Regression Results .3 Interpreting Customer Loyalty Equation and testing Hypotheses . Means Score Comparison between VCB with other banks and Industry Average .33 iv TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.33 CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS .1 Determinants of Customer Loyalty .2 Comparison between Vietcombank and Industry Average .2 Recommendations to Vietcombank .1 Improving the Service Quality .3 Improving Switching cost .41 APPENDICES Appendix 1 Questionnaire- English version .46 Appendix 2 Questionnaire- Vietnamese version .49 Appendix 3: Reliability of all variables (23 items) .52 Appendix 4: Results of exploratory factor analysis (EFA) .54 Appendix 5: Correlation of coefficients .59 v TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2.1: Conceptual Framework of Customer Loyalty Figure 3.1: Model of Customer Loyalty after carrying out EF A .28 LIST OF TABLES Table 2.1: Original Scales of Service Quality and research scales .2: Original Scales ofPrice and Research Scales .3: Original Scales of switching cost and Research scales .3: Reliability Test Results .4: Results of Exploratory Factor Analysis .5: Result of Customer Loyalty .11: Means Score Comparison between VCB and other banks and Industry Average .31 { # vi TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com ABBREVIATIONS I - SBV State Bank of Vietnam SMEs Small and Medium Enterprises WTO World Trade Organization SERVQUAL Service Quality EFA Exploratory Factor Analysis VCB Vietcombank ACB Asia Commercial Bank AGRI Agribank VIB VIBBank HSBC Hongkong and Sanghai Bank Corporation CITI Citibank INDO Indovina Bank VID Vid Public Bank SPSS Statistical Package for Social Science TAG Tangibles REL Reliability RES Responsiveness ASS Assurance EMP Empathy PR Price SQ Service Quality sw Switching Cost CL Customer Loyalty -· vii TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION l.lRESEARCH STATEMENT From 1990 until now, number of banks increases highly especially private-owned banks and foreign-owned bank branches, shows that attractive and potential development of Vietnam's banking industry for domestic and foreign investors. According to the data of State Bank of Vietnam (SBV) until October 2009, Vietnam's banking system has 3 state-owned banks, 40 private-owned banks, 5 joint-venture banks and 41 branches of foreign-owned bank. Vietnam with population of 85 million people and increasing income is a potential market for commercial banks. Moreover, many Government policies are issued to limit cash payment in the public such as: pay salary through cards system, accepted banking documents in deducting VAT, etc . Vietnam's accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO) with their commitments of financial services market's liberalization and deregulation, their customers have more choice between domestic and foreign banks. Furthermore, the customers access financial products with no limitation, as a result, it affects to customer loyalty. In Vietnam, service market is more and more improved and it is a new potential market for banks to explore. However, the more increasing is personal income, the higher demands for products and services are. Customers expect the higher quality of products and services than before. The higher perceived service quality, the more satisfied and loyal the customers (Petruzzellis, D'Uggento and Romanazzi, 2006). Beside the competing each other about the total assets and market share (number of customers), efficiency in using the capital, ratio of bad debt, banks always find out the customers' needs and supply at the right time to get the more market share. They must try to offer attractive interest rates to both savers and borrowers, which means that they must minimize their own internal operating costs and loss. Nowadays, commercial banks have intend to develop retail sector, approach the individual customers, small and medium enterprises (SMEs) because it is a large market and disperse risks in banking business. Customers have opportunities to approach a lot of banks and choose the best bank suitable to their own based on the price, service quality and convenience. In 2011, the competition is more and more heated when lots of commercial banks try to change technology, reduce cost to strengthen competitive ability over the others. In this race, foreign- TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com owned banks have experience and strategy to expand their market in retail sector; private- owned and joint-venture commercial banks always change in technology, service quality and staff skills, is it state-owned commercial banks known as 'to be hard to please' have competitive ability with trials or not? 1.2 RESEARCH OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study are: • To identify the key factors impact on customer's loyalty. • To measure the strength of relationship between key factors and loyalty. • Based on the research results to give recommendations to improve customer loyalty in retail banking, especially Vietcombank- state-owned commercial bank.3 RESEARCH QUESTIONS In order to find out the solutions to improve customer loyalty of the retail banking, this study deals with the following questions: • Which factors affect the customer loyalty? • How the banks improve and make their customers become loyal in retail sector? • What recommendations to Vietcombank about how to improve customer loyalty.4 RESEARCH SCOPE This study focuses on identifying the main factors influence on the customer loyalty in retail banking in Viet Nam. The survey questionnaire is applied to collect data for this study with the survey time from February to March, 2011. The survey interviewees of this study are individuals who aged over 18 and usually go to the banks irrespective of purposes, gender, age, income and education.5 RESEARCH STRUCTURE This study includes five sections compatible with five chapters with the names of theirs are: introduction, literature review, research methodology, data analysis and findings, and conclusions and recommendations. Chapter 1 introduces the structure of the research, including research statement, research objectives, research questions and research scope. Chapter 2- literature review consists of definitions of factors influencing on customer loyalty as service quality, price and switching cost, and relevant literature review and evidence to .- 2 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com clarify the research topic, the conceptual framework and hypotheses also are presented in this chapter. The next chapter named research methodology that presents detail of qualitative and quantitative research. Chapter 4 shows the results of sample size through the assessment of measurement scale, this chapter also apply multiple regression analysis to test hypotheses. The last chapter is chapter of conclusion and recommendations indicates the main findings of the research and gives out some suggestions to improve customer loyal in retail banking, finally, this chapter also shows the limitations of this research for further studies in the future. 3 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com CHAPTER II: LITERATURE REVIEW -. This chapter presents an overview of customer's loyalty and factors influencing on customer's loyalty in retail banking. This chapter also presents conceptual framework, hypotheses of this study and measurement scales of factors of customer loyalty and its affected factors.1 CUSTOMER LOYALTY Service loyalty can be defined in the following way: "Service loyalty refers the degree to which a customer exhibits repeat purchasing behavior from a service provider, possesses a positive attitudinal disposition toward the provider, and consider using only this provider when a need for this service arises" (cited in Caruana, 2002, p813 ). According to Oliver (1999), there are four stages of brand-loyalty such as: cognition, affect, intentional and action loyalty. At the first stage-cognition, based on the information about the brand that the customers collect, they are loyal to the brand. The next stage is affective loyal, the customers have some positive attitudes toward a brand. When customers have behavioral intention of purchasing, it is the intention phrase. The last stage is action loyalty when customers change from intentions to actions. Loyalty plays an important role in the competition of building successful relationships with their customers in the competitive retail banking environment. According to Duncan and Elliot (2002) showed that loyalty of customer takes an important part in contributing earnings and profits of an organization. Nowadays, the financial institutions are in the process of competition with globalization, a suitable customer loyalty program is necessary for them to keep customers stay with their organizations. The banks always find many ways to supply the most qualified services to satisfy the customers on the best way to get the maximum profit and improve the comparative position over the trials. Some studies have pointed out that profitability of banks is connected to customer retention (Garland, 2002; Anderson, Fornell and Lehmann, 1994; Reichheld and Sasser, 1990). In real world, if one business increases 5% loyal customers with satisfaction about his products and services, profit will increase from 25% to 85%.

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