UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS HO CHI MINH CITY International School of Business ------------------------------ Trinh Thi Cam Duyen UNATTRACTIVE PRODUCT PACKAGES DESIGN IN FOREIGN EXCHANGE SALES AT ASIA COMMERCIAL BANK (ACB) MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION Ho Chi Minh City - 2020 i 123doc UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS HO CHI MINH CITY International School of Business ------------------------------ Trinh Thi Cam Duyen UNATTRACTIVE PRODUCT PACKAGES DESIGN IN FOREIGN EXCHANGE SALES AT ASIA COMMERCIAL BANK (ACB) MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION SUPERVISOR: Dr. Tran Phuong Thao Ho Chi Minh City - 2020 ii 123doc TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF CHARTS. vi LIST OF FIGURES. vi LIST OF TABLES.
vi LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS. vii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .1 Not meet FX sales revenue target.2 Low profit margin gap .3 Poor FX sales trading volumes .1 Uncompetitive FX rate .2 Inappropriate internal policy in FX sales .3 Unattractive product design.4 Poor sales performance .2 Main problem validation. Problem definition and consequence. MAIN CAUSE VALIDATION .1 Poor cooperation among functions: .2 Lack of product management: .3 Poor understanding on customer needs: .2 Main cause validation:.
Alternative solutions and justification. Using conjoint analysis to design financial services. Hiring a professional market research team .3 Action plan in organization:.1 Summary of research method. 60 v 123doc LIST OF CHARTS Chart 1: Share by sales volume P.2 Chart 2: Share by profit P.2 Chart 3: Organization structure P.3 Chart 4: FX sales approval process P.12 Chart 5: ACB approval process for promotion program P.26 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Initial map P.18 Figure 2: The final causes - effect map P.24 Figure 3: Causes - effect tree P.29 LIST OF TABLES Tables 1: Forex trading profits P.4 Tables 2: Profit growth rate of forex trading P.5 Table 3: Profit margin per USD P.5 Table 4: Forex trading sales volumes per customer P.6 Table 5: Head of branch’s authorities to lower exchange rates for corporate customers who have bought or sold foreign currency for more than six months P.11 Table 6: Head of branch’s authorities to lower exchange rates for corporate customers who have bought or sold foreign currency for more than a year P.11 Table 7: Preferential rates for individual customers who have bought or sold foreign currency for more than six months P.12 Table 8: Number of companies submitted for headquarters exception P.13 Table 9: International payment fees P.17 vi 123doc LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ACB: Asian Commercial Bank FX: Foreign exchange KPI: Key performance indicator HCM1: Ho Chi Minh 1 region HCM2: Ho Chi Minh 2 region HCM3: Ho Chi Minh 3 region vii 123doc EXECUTIVE SUMMARY In banking or other financial sectors, the attraction of products to customers is one of the most important issues affecting the survival of that business.
In the context of the current open economy, if a bank has products that cannot compete with rivals from inside and outside Vietnam, there will be no customers to trust their products and no market for them to develop anymore. Therefore, the purpose of this thesis is to find the main issues leading to the failure to meet the targets of Foreign exchange (Fx) sales at Asian Commercial Bank (ACB) and thereby to solve this problem. ACB is one of the biggest banks with good reputation in the banking industry today. With the long-term orientation of becoming one of the four largest banks in Vietnam, failure to meet the set targets may contain causes that can affect their goals.
Therefore, at the beginning of 2020, their customer strategy is to find and quickly overcome this potential problem. On the one hand, it will increase the quality of customer service, helping customers to have high effective financial plans to increase production and business, indirectly promote the development of the economy. On the other hand, it will help to enhance ACB's position in the eyes of customers and achieve their core values. The main problem is identified based on bank’s data and process analysis, empirical analysis from interviews with stakeholders and association with literature to avoid omission of important possible problem.
From the above analysis, unattractive product packages design is identified as the main problem caused the failure of Fx sales' targets at ACB.1 Company background Asia Commercial Joint Stock Bank (ACB), one of the five biggest private joint stock commercial banks in Vietnam, has established in 1993. The Bank had 357 branches and sub-branches nation-wide and 10,000 employees. The whole banking system is divided into eight geographical areas, including: Ha Noi City, Northeast, Mekong delta, Red river delta, Southeast, Ho Chi Minh City, South central coast, Highlands. Ho Chi Minh City area is further divided into three areas: Ho Chi Minh 1 (HCM1), Ho Chi Minh 2 (HCM2) and Ho Chi Minh 3 (HCM3).
In which, HCM1 includes the branch offices and affiliates located in the center of the city, HCM2 includes units located to the west and HCM3 including units located to the east. Foreign exchange (Fx) sales of the bank accounts for 2% of the total market share in Vietnam. Their products are Spot, Forward, Swap and CCS for more than 20 popular currencies in the world. FX sales department belongs to Finance market division that could be known as Treasury division of the bank.
Their main functions are to manage and promote the sale of foreign exchange products at distribution channels. HCM city is the most important key areas that are focused on the bank's development. They have contributed about two-thirds of the total foreign exchange sales volume and profit of the whole ACB banking system as shown in two below charts: I 123doc Chart 1: Share by sales volume Chart 2: Share by profit 2 123doc Chart 3: Organization structure 3 123doc 1.1 Not meet FX sales revenue target In the year 2019, the Region 2 of ACB (HCM2) could not meet their profit target in the Foreign exchange sales segment. While the two remaining areas in Ho Chi Minh city still achieved their target (Table 1).
Table 1: Forex trading profits PROFIT (MILLION VND) Y2017 Y2018 Y2019 Com Com Com AREA Profit Target -pletion Profit Target -pletion Profit Target -pletion rate rate rate HCM_1 27,900 29,253 95% 33,315 35,447 94% 50,083 43,176 116% HCM_2 37,755 41,581 91% 44,409 47,736 93% 53,465 56,733 94% HCM_3 42,607 45,866 93% 53,281 54,187 98% 69,463 69,394 100% TOTAL 108,261 116,700 93% 131,005 137,370 95% 173,011 169,304 102% Source: Internal Reports Through 2017, 2018 and 2019, HCM2 has always been the region with the lowest completion rate in HCM city. By the end of 2019, HCM2 is one of the only two areas that have not fulfilled the foreign exchange sales target out of 10 regions in the whole system. The HCM2 area ranks second in terms of size among the three areas in HCM city but has the lowest growth rate over the years. Over the course of 2020, the decision of the bank's management considers that units in Region 2 need to make more progress than previous years to achieve growth rate to keep up with the remaining two regions that is increase 34% compared to the number made in 2019 (Table 2).
4 123doc Table 2: Profit growth rate of forex trading PROFIT GROWTH RATE Y2018 Y2019 Y2020 AREA Growth Real growth Growth Real Growth rate target rate rate target growth rate rate target KV_TPHCM_1 27% 19% 30% 50% 34% KV_TPHCM_2 26% 18% 28% 20% 34% KV_TPHCM_3 27% 25% 30% 30% 34% Source: Internal Reports This is a big challenge for Region 2, to find the underlying cause and overcome it so that the situation of failing to meet the targets for four consecutive years is no longer happening.2 Low profit margin gap Table 3 has showed that there have been improvements on profit margin over the years from 2017 to 2019, but that of HCM2 still the lowest among the three regions Table 3: Profit margin per USD Y2017 Y2018 Y2019 Sales Profit Sales Profit Sales Profit Profit Profit Profit AREA volume margin volume margin volume margin (Million (Million (Million (Million per (Million per (Million per VND) VND) VND) USD) USD USD) USD USD) USD KV_TPHCM_1 27,900 1,077 26 33,315 1,049 32 50,083 1,258 40 KV_TPHCM_2 37,755 1,545 24 44,409 1,670 27 53,465 1,611 33 KV_TPHCM_3 42,607 1,662 26 53,281 1,986 27 69,463 1,925 36 Source: Internal Reports 5 123doc 1.3 Poor FX sales trading volumes As can be seen in Table 4, the average sales of a customer in Region 1 decreased in 2018, then recovered and boomed in 2019. Meanwhile, that of Region 2 has decreased continuously over the years from 2017 to 2019 with the lowest average growth rate. The remaining Region 3 also witnessed a lighter decrease in sales volumes per customer than that of Region 2 Table 4: Forex trading sales volumes per customer SALES VOLUMES PER CUSTOMER Average Y2017 Y2018 Y2019 growth rate AREA KV_TPHCM_1 85,619 72,815 86,293 2% KV_TPHCM_2 98,384 91,451 88,073 -5% KV_TPHCM_3 81,105 77,737 77,114 -2% Source: Internal Reports In the next section, a more thorough analysis of these three symptoms will be conducted.1 Possible problems To explore the underlying issues leading to the signs above, the first interview with Mr. (March 30th 2019) Head of Finance Market Division was conducted with a question on any possible problem of region 2.
He said that: “Region 2 is the area with many large businesses in their customer base, so losing a few large customers is enough to make the business situation of the region worse. The 6 123doc second reason is that the people in charge of this area have discounted their customers so much that the increase in sales cannot compensate”. The second interview with Mrs. (March 30th 2019) FX sales specialist in charge of region Ho Chi Minh 2 with the same question to explore more possible problems from the perception of a person in direct contact with distribution channels and customers.
In her opinion, she said that: “The reason for decreasing on revenue is also because there is little competitive advantage on exchange rates. I often hear salesperson and customers reflect very good exchange rates from Vietcombank, HSBC, BIDV, Saccombank, Eximbank,. sometimes the price that banks offer customers is better than our internal cost of goods sold. This is also a reason to reduce the number of customers and sales of foreign currency segment” After conducting an interview with two important stakeholders and observing the business activities, an overview of the forex trading situation is summarized into initial cause-effect map.
However, it is very messy and requires additional information from primary data, secondary data and literatures to be able to give the answers more accurately and clearly.1 Uncompetitive FX rate “All major currencies now move independently of other currencies, being traded by anyone who wishes. Now, hedge funds, banks, brokerage houses, corporations, and individuals all participate in the foreign exchange market either on a speculative basis, to facilitate transactions, or to hedge against currency risks associated with their core business. Foreign exchange is a business of exchanging one currency for another” (1). In terms of FX sales, 7 123doc the currency is like the commodity traded and the exchange rate could be understood as the price of the commodity.
Therefore, the importance of exchange rate to bank performance is also the influence of price to firm performance. This is one of the generic competitive strategies, in which an appropriate combination of price (cost) and differentiation position of a company is its competitive advantage (2). Currently on the interbank system, the listed exchange rate of ACB compare to their peers is competitive, sometimes even better than the listed price of state-owned banks. However, for the special customer segment offered preferential rates, the bank even selling at the price lower than their cost of goods sold to entice customers to use bank’s other products and services.