MASTER IN FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT THESIS PROPOSAL LIQUIDITY RISK MANAGEMENT AT GPBANK Graduate student: Nguyen Van Linh Supervisor: Dr. Nguyen Thi Kim Oanh HANOI, 2023 1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First of all, thanks to the VNU - International School for organizing a very useful master's program and giving me the opportunity to learn more about finance in general and financial management in particular. I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my instructor Dr. Nguyen Thi Kim Oanh for the continuous support of my research, for her patience, motivation and immense knowledge.
Her guidance helped me in all the time of the research and writing the thesis. Besides my instructor, I would like to thanks to my colleagues at GPBank throughout the course of work and research, for giving me a chance to work and gain knowledge. Without your support and motivation, I couldn‟t complete this graduation thesis. Last but not the least, thanks to my family for supporting me spiritually throughout my life.
Signature of thesis author. 2 DECLARATION OF AUTHORSHIP I hereby declare that this thesis was carried out by myself under the guidance and supervision of Dr. Nguyen Thi Kim Oanh; and that the work contained and the results in it are true by author and have not violated research ethics. The data and figures presented in this thesis are for analysis, comments, and evaluations from various resources by my own work and have been duly acknowledged in the reference part.
In addition, other comments, reviews and data used by other authors, and organizations have been acknowledged, and explicitly cited. I will take full responsibility for any fraud detected in my thesis. Hanoi, 2022 Author (signature and full name) 3 ABSTRACT Thesis Title: Liquidity risk management at GPBank Pages:84 University: Vietnam National University Graduate School: International School Date: Octorber, 2019 Degree: Master Graduate Student: Nguyen Van Linh Supervisor: Dr. Nguyen Thi Kim Oanh Keywords: risk, liquidity risk management, banking, Basel II, GPBank, In the market economy, the banking system plays a significant role in the economic development of a country.
Risk is unavoidable which is going along with profit. Liquidity and liquidity risk is one of the most concern to bank authorities and commercial banks because it has strong impact on bank‟s financial. Therefore, every bank need to be active in managing liquidity risk and find out solution to improve efficiency of liquidity risk management. The purpose of this thesis is to enhance knowledge about liquidity risk and liquidity risk management in bank, analyze and assess the current status of liquidity risk management in Global Petro Commercial Sole Member Limited Commercial Bank (GPBank), then propose some recommendations to enhance the efficiency in liquidity risk management in GPBank.
By quoting previous studies and research on liquidity risk management in banking system, this thesis has summarized the framework of liquidity risk, the cause and effect of liquidity risk management and the method in managing liquidity risk. From there, it is possible to compare and analyze in the specific case of liquidity risk management at GPBank. 4 By collecting data from both primary and secondary sources and using analysis methods to accomplish the research objectives, the thesis give an overview of actual situation of GPBank in managing liquidity risk and compare the situation of GPBank with other commercial banks in the system. The thesis found that liquidity risk management had a significant effect on performance of banks.
This research result is beyond practical significance to suggest solutions to improve the efficiency of liquidity risk management in GPBank, but also is a reference source for other studies, encouraging the implementation of similar studies in other banks. 5 TABLE OF CONTENT LIST OF TABLES. 8 LIST OF FIGURES. 9 TABLE OF NOTATION AND ABBREVIATION.
Background of the study. Research objectives and research question. Structure of the study. 16 CHAPTER 2: THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK.
Definition of risk. Main types of risk in commercial banking. Liquidity risk definition. The cause of liquidity risk.
The effect of liquidity risk. Liquidity risk management. The role of liquidity risk management. Liquidity risk measurement.
Basel and Basel II requirement. State Bank requirement. Liquidity risk management structure. Liquidity risk management process.
Methods to measure liquidity risk management. 31 CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHOD. Overview of Global Petro Sole Member Limited Commercial Bank. Overview of Global Petro Sole Member Limited Commercial Bank.
Overview of the main activities of GPBank. Overview of the management structure of GPBank. Overview of liquidity risk management structure in GPBank. Strategy and orientations.
Liquidity risk management structure. The process of liquidity risk management. Data analysis of liquid risk management in GPBank. Measurement of liquidity risk.
Liquidity stress test. Evaluation of current liquidity risk management in GPBank. Drawback and cause. Some solutions to improve efficiency of liquidity risk management at GPBank.
Strengthening financial capacity. Improving liquidity risk management tool and warning. Establishing a liquidity risk management department. Improving and modernizing technology infrastructure.
Improving the quality of human resources. Diversifying capital mobilization activities, increasing the stability of capital sources. 67 CHAPTER 5: DISSCUSSION AND CONCLUSION. Discussion and conclusion.
Contribution of the study. Limitation of the study. 70 7 LIST OF TABLES Table 4. The loan-to-deposit ratio in GPBank and other banks.
The ratio of short-term capital for medium and long-term loans. The liquidity ratio of GPBank. Some indicator for measuring concentration. Three scenario of liquidity stress test .56 8 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Three line of defense model by Basel.
28 Figure 2: Organization structure of GPBank. 40 Figure 3: Liquidity risk management organization model in GPBank. Ratio of cash and money reserves on Nostro account to Market Deposit I. The capital turnover ratio in GPbank.
The amount of money withdrawn before maturity in GPbank. The amount of deposits in GPbank. 53 9 TABLE OF NOTATION AND ABBREVIATION Abbreviation Meaning GPBank Global Petro Commercial Sole Member Limited Commercial Bank NPL Net liquidity position UK United Kingdom ROE Return On Equity BCBS Basel Committee on Banking Supervision CAR Capital adequacy ratio ALM Asset - liability management LDR Loan to deposit ratio ACB Asia Commercial Joint Stock Bank ALCO Asset-Liability Committee BOD Board of Director LDR The loan-to-deposit ratio SBV State Bank Vietnam 10 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1. Background of the study In the market economy, the banking system plays a significant role in the economic development of a country (Apetri, 2007).
In recent year, Vietnam‟s banking system has gained encouraging achievements in contributing to stimulation of economic growth, controlling of inflation and monetary policy implementation (Nguyen & Ryu, 2022). Commercial bank is the oldest and largest component in banking structure. Risk is unavoidable which is going along with profit. The bigger profits the bank gets the higher risk the bank faces (Gündüz, 2020).
Besides getting profit from offering financial products to customers, commercial banks have to remain stable liquidity. Among the risks that bank has faced, liquidity risk is one of the most concern to bank authorities and banking regulators because it has strong impact on bank‟s financial (Jasienė, Martinavičius, Jasevičienė, & Krivkienė, 2012). Liquidity risk is the risk arising when a commercial bank becomes insolvent at a point in time, or has to mobilize other capital sources at high cost to meet payment needs, or is affected by subjective reasons for commercial banks' insolvency (Nikolaou, Liquidity (Risk) Concepts: Definitions and Interactions, 2009). Banks have to set up policy to manage liquidity under any circumstances in order to invest money effectively, maximize profit and avoid bankruptcy.
If a bank suffers from a liquidity shock and it fails to repay depositors and other creditors amounts owed to them punctually then it can cause banks to lose solvency, discredits, leads to bankruptcy as well as triggers to the collapse of the whole banking system. After the financial and monetary crisis since 2008, liquidity risk is considered as one of the risks that affects seriously to the financial banking sector and the whole economy (Asongu, 2013). In the world, there have been many studies on liquidity risk and liquidity risk management in commercial banks. In the past, liquidity risk studies often focused on liquidity ratios, qualitative and quantitative analysis methods have emerged recently.
The previous liquidity ratios commonly used by 11 researches include liquidity to total assets ratio (Aspachs et al., 2005; Rytárik, 2009); liquid assets to total short-term deposits (Indriani, 2004), liquid assets on customer deposits and short-term deposits (Kousmidou et al. The above studies all assumed that the higher these liquidity ratios, the more liquid commercial banks are, as well as the lower the liquidity risks, thereby, the less commercial banks have to face with bankruptcy risk. Chen et al. (2018), on the basis of inheriting the research of Decker (2000), applied the liquidity risk cause model when analyzing liquidity risk in the world's 12 leading economies during the period of 1994-2006.
This model is highly appreciated when analyzing the causes of liquidity risk for commercial banks (Chen, Shen, Kao, & Yeh, Bank Liquidity Risk and Performance, 2018). Barnhill and Schumacher (2011) conducted risk simulations for 10 typical commercial banks in the US in the period 1987-2006, in which, the correlation between credit risk and liquidity risk was analyzed, thereby determining the probability that these commercial banks may face a liquidity shortage at the same time (Barnhill & Schumacher, 2011). Besides, a few studies around the world have also found that the global financial crisis is an important factor affecting the liquidity of banks in some countries such as Caribbean countries (Moore, 2009; Bonfim & Kim, 2011), Czech Republic and Slovak (Vodova, 2013). In Vietnam, the issue of liquidity risk in the banking system has been mentioned in many different studies.
Hung (2007) mentioned the theoretical issues of liquidity risk and liquidity risk management in commercial banks, on that basis, a relatively comprehensive analysis of real liquidity risk management status in the Vietnamese commercial banking system in the period before 2007. Since then, the study has proposed frameworks, models, tools and processes for liquidity risk management in commercial banks in Vietnam in the coming years (Hung, 2007). However, this 12 study is restricted in analyzing the level of liquidity risk and liquidity risk management in commercial banks, but has not conducted an assessment of liquidity risk management activities. In particular, this topic has not paid due attention to the assessment of the organizational model, management process and effectiveness of liquidity risk management in commercial banks.
Duong Quoc Anh (2012) based on the model of Martin Cihak (2004) and Christian Schmieder (2011) gave suggestions on the implementation of stress testing for each type of risk in commercial banks. For liquidity risk, the study proposes to use two methods: time-based approach and period-based approach, in which, time-based approach is based on data in the bank's financial statements. For commercial goods, goods can be delivered immediately, and at the same time, the authors also provide scenarios and implementation roadmaps that are consistent with reality in Vietnam (Anh D. Thien (2015) have focused on systematically researching theoretical issues about ownership structure and its impact on the performance of the banking system.
In which, the ownership structure also has an impact on the credit rating of the bank, thereby affecting the liquidity of the bank. The ownership structure of the Vietnamese banking system has been mentioned and analyzed in depth, as a basis for proposing solutions and recommendations to change the ownership structure of the Vietnamese banking system in the coming time (Thien, 2015). Yen (2016) focused on theoretical issues and analyzed the current situation of asset - debt management in commercial banks, taking Vietinbank as the main object of analysis.