VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY HO CHI MINH CITY HO CHI MINH CITY UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY KHUC QUANG TRUNG BARRIERS TO THE ADOPTION OF BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY IN CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT: A TOTAL INTERPRETIVE STRUCTURAL MODELLING (TISM) AND DEMATEL APPROACH Major: Construction Management Major code: 8580302 MASTER’S THESIS HO CHI MINH CITY, July 2023 THIS RESEARCH IS COMPLETED AT HO CHI MINH CITY UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY – VNU–HCM Supervisor: Assoc. Do Tien Sy Supervisor: Dr. Nguyen Thanh Viet Examiner 1: Dr. Huynh Nhat Minh Examiner 2: Dr.
Dang Ngoc Chau This master‟s thesis is defended at HCM City University of Technology, VNU- HCM City in room 409A4 – Building A4 - HCMUT Campus 1 on 19th July 2023. Master‟s Thesis Committee: 1. Nguyen Anh Thu - Chairman 2. Tran Duc Hoc - Member, Secretary 3.
Huynh Nhat Minh - Reviewer 1 4. Dang Ngoc Chau - Reviewer 2 5. Chu Viet Cuong - Member Approval of the Chairman of the Master‟s Thesis Committee and Dean of Faculty of Civil Engineering after the thesis being corrected. CHAIRMAN OF THE HEAD OF FACULTY OF CIVIL COUNCIL ENGINEERING [i] VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM HO CHI MINH CITY Independence – Freedom - Happiness HO CHI MINH CITY UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY THE TASK SHEET OF MASTER’S THESIS Full name: Khúc Quang Trung Student code: 2170309 Date of birth: 14.1996 Place of birth: Dong Thap Major: Construction Management Major code: 8580302 I.
THESIS TOPIC Barriers To The Adoption Of Blockchain Technology In Construction Management: A Total Interpretive Structural Modelling (TISM) And DEMATEL Approach TÊN ĐỀ TÀI Rào Cản Đối Với Việc Áp Dụng Công Nghệ Blockchain Trong Quản Lý Xây Dựng: Phương Pháp Tiếp Cận Mô Hình TISM và DEMATEL II. TASKS AND CONTENTS - Identify the primary barriers affecting blockchain adoption in Vietnam. - Determine the interactions and contextual relationships among these barriers. - Evaluate the intensity of these interrelationships.
- Provide implications for managers/practitioners to overcome the identified barriers. TASKS STARTING DATE: 06. TASKS ENDING DATE: 10. Do Tien Sy - Dr.
Nguyen Thanh Viet Ho Chi Minh City, 07th, August 2023 INSTRUCTOR 1 INSTRUCTOR (Full name and signature) (Full name and signature) Assoc. Do Tien Sy Dr. Nguyen Thanh Viet HEAD OF ACADEMIC DEAN OF FACULTY OF CIVIL DEPARTMENT ENGINEERING (Full name and signature) (Full name and signature) Dr. Le Hoai Long Assoc.
Le Anh Tuan [iii] ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First, I acknowledge Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), VNU-HCM for supporting this study. Also, I would like to mention the support system and consideration of Construction Management BK-IMP Lecturers and Facilitators, who guided me in doing this thesis. I sincerely thank the lessons learned from the lecturers at Yokohama National University, Japan. In composing this master's thesis entitled "Barriers to the Adoption of Blockchain Technology in Construction Management: A Total Interpretive Structural Modeling (TISM) and DEMATEL Approach", I have been fortunate to receive a tremendous amount of guidance, support, and inspiration.
Nguyen Thanh Viet and Assoc. Do Tien Sy, my devoted and enthusiastic advisor, deserves my deepest gratitude. They guided me through the academic research labyrinth by providing me with essential resources, methodologies, and thesis guidance. Their enthusiasm and dedication have sparked a fire within me, inspiring me to persevere and complete this thesis.
I would also like to salute my companions Son and Nhu, whose friendship, shared humor, and mutual support have made the journey more enjoyable. In addition, this research would not have been possible without the generous time and effort of the twelve experts who participated in the four survey sessions and substantially improved the quality of this work. Lastly, but by no means least, my sincere gratitude goes to my beloved Vy. Her invaluable advice on Blockchain technology, along with her unwavering support and encouragement during my difficult times, has been invaluable.
[iv] ABSTRACT Blockchain technology (BTC) has the potential to revolutionize the efficacy, trust, and procurement practices of numerous industries, including the construction sector. Nonetheless, there is a dearth of research on the barriers preventing blockchain adoption in the construction industry. This study seeks to identify the primary barriers to blockchain technology adoption in the construction industry. Through a review of the relevant literature, the major barriers to blockchain adoption have been identified.
The study employs TISM to investigate the interrelationships between these barriers and DEMATEL to establish cause-and-effect relationships. Integrating the TISM and DEMATEL methodologies reveals that regulatory uncertainty, data privacy/security concerns, limited knowledge and expertise, and reliance on blockchain administrators are crucial adoption considerations. In addition, issues with scalability, uncertain benefits, and a lack of collaboration are dependent on other identified barriers. The DEMATEL analysis identifies seven cause barriers, while the remaining barriers are regarded as significant contributors to the overall adoption challenges.
This study contributes by providing decision-makers with a comprehensive comprehension of significant barriers through an integrated approach and by facilitating contextual connections through cause-and-effect analysis. In addition, it provides a novel strategy for promoting the adoption and utilization of blockchain technology in the construction industry. Keywords: Blockchain; Adoption barriers; The AEC industry; TISM; DEMATEL. [v] TÓM TẮT ông nghệ blockchain (BTC) có tiềm năng cách mạng hóa hiệu quả, niềm tin và thực hành mua sắm của nhiều ngành công nghiệp, bao gồm ngành xây dựng.
Tuy nhiên, hiện nay còn thiếu hụt các nghiên cứu về những rào cản ngăn chặn việc áp dụng blockchain trong ngành xây dựng. Nghiên cứu này tìm kiếm để xác định các rào cản chính cho việc áp dụng công nghệ blockchain trong ngành xây dựng. Thông qua việc xem xét lại văn bản liên quan, các rào cản lớn đối với việc chấp nhận blockchain đã được xác định. Nghiên cứu sử dụng TISM để điều tra mối quan hệ tương hỗ giữa các rào cản này và DEMATEL để thiết lập mối quan hệ nguyên nhân và kết quả.
Kết hợp phương pháp TISM và DEMATEL cho thấy rằng sự không chắc chắn về quy định, những lo ngại về quyền riêng tư/an ninh dữ liệu, hạn chế kiến thức và chuyên môn, và sự phụ thuộc vào quản trị viên blockchain là những yếu tố quan trọng cần xem xét khi chấp nhận. Ngoài ra, vấn đề về khả năng mở rộng, lợi ích không rõ ràng, và thiếu sự hợp tác phụ thuộc vào các rào cản khác đã được xác định. Phân tích DEMATEL xác định ra bảy rào cản nguyên nhân, trong khi các rào cản còn lại được coi là những đóng góp quan trọng cho những thách thức chung trong việc chấp nhận. Nghiên cứu này góp phần bằng cách cung cấp cho người ra quyết định một sự hiểu biết toàn diện về các rào cản quan trọng thông qua một phương pháp tích hợp và bằng cách tạo ra các mối liên hệ ngữ cảnh thông qua phân tích nguyên nhân và kết quả.
Ngoài ra, nó cung cấp một chiến lược mới để thúc đẩy việc chấp nhận và sử dụng công nghệ blockchain trong ngành xây dựng. Keywords: Công nghệ Blockchain; rào cản; TISM; DEMATEL. [vi] AUTHOR’S COMMITMENT The undersigned below: Name : Khuc Quang Trung Student ID : 2170309 Place of birth : Dong Thap Date of birth : 14.1996 Address : Resgreen Apartment, 7A Thoai Ngoc Hau Street, Phu Trung Ward, Tan Phu district, Ho Chi Minh City. Email: : khucquangtrung@hcmut.vn Phone number : (+84) 907 154 046 With the declaring that the master thesis entitled “Barriers to the adoption of Blockchain technology in construction management: A Total Interpretive Structural Modelling TISM and DMATEL approach” has been done by the author under the instruction of supervisors.
All works, ideas, and material that was gained from other references have been cited accurately. Ho Chi Minh City, August 2023 Author Khúc Quang Trung Master Thesis [vii] Khuc Quang Trung - 2170309 TABLE OF CONTENT THE TASK SHEET OF MASTER’S THESIS. vi TABLE OF CONTENT. vii LIST OF FIGURES .x LIST OF TABLES.
xi CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION. Scope of Study .3 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW. Definitions of blockchain. Private and Public Blockchain.
Main Blockchain platform. Blockchain technology in the AEC industry. Barriers to the adoption of blockchain in the AEC industry .21 Master Thesis [viii] Khuc Quang Trung - 2170309 CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY. Development of the integrated TISM-DEMATEL-MICMAC .33 CHAPTER 4: RESEARCH RESULTS.
Step 1: Identifying and defining the barriers. Step 2: Defining contextual relationships. Step 3: Binary interpretation of pair-wise comparisons. Step 4: Reachability matrix and a check of transitivity.
Step 5: Level partitions. Step 6: development of digraph. Step 7: Interaction matrix and Interpretive matrix. Step 8: TISM model.
An integrated TISM – DEMATEL. Driving/dependent barriers to TISM, MICMAC, and DEMATEL .78 Master Thesis [ix] Khuc Quang Trung - 2170309 CHAPTER 6: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMANDATION. The barrier of regulatory uncertainty (B3):. The barrier of data privacy/security (B2):.
The barrier of lack of knowledge and expertise (B11):. The barrier of dependency on blockchain operators (B7) .89 APPENDIX 1: QUESTIONAIRE SURVEY 1 .98 APPENDIX 2: QUESTIONAIRE SURVEY 2 .108 APPENDIX 3: QUESTIONAIRE SURVEY 3 .114 APPENDIX 4: QUESTIONAIRE SURVEY 4 .116 Master Thesis [x] Khuc Quang Trung - 2170309 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2. The skeleton of a private blockchain network [38]. The skeleton of a public blockchain network [38].
The Skeleton of a consortium blockchain network [38]. TISM model – a simple version. Cause Effect Diagram. Integrated TISM-DEMATEL model.
An Introduction to Zero-knowledge Proof .86 Master Thesis [xi] Khuc Quang Trung - 2170309 LIST OF TABLES Table 2. Characteristics of previous studies. List of Barriers, descriptions, and references. A comparison of DEMATEL with AHP/ANP/SEM [83].
Characteristics of Delphi Studies in CEM Research [87]. Experts’ background information. Initial reachability matrix. Final reachability matrix.
Elements providing transitivity. The interpretive logic knowledge base. Levels partition of barriers to blockchain adoption. Driving power and dependence on barriers.
Initial average direct influence matrix A. Normalized initial direct influence matrix N. Total relationship matrix T. The degree of direct and indirect influences.
Inner dependency matrix (α = 0. Final results of TISM – MICMAC – DEMATEL model. The comparison among different suppliers .87 Master Thesis [1] Khuc Quang Trung - 2170309 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1. Problem Statement Blockchain technology (BCT) has emerged as a promising solution to revolutionize various industries, including agriculture [1], insurance [2], supply chain management [3], healthcare [4], and the AEC industry [5].
The potential of blockchain is recognized by the World Economic Forum Espinel, et al. [6], which predicts it will be one of the top computing mega-trends impacting the world in the coming decade. The transformative potential of blockchain technology in the AEC industry has been discussed by several scholars including Li, et al. [7] and Hunhevicz and Hall [8], Kiu, et al.
[9], who highlight its ability to provide transparency, immutability, and security. As a result, the implementation of blockchain technology has the potential to considerably improve the efficacy and dependability of numerous AEC industry practices, including project management and construction supply chain optimization. On the one hand, The AEC industry is one of the largest in the world, but in recent decades it has been less productive than the other manufacturing sectors and faced many challenges [10]. Firstly, the lack of efficient collaboration, information sharing, and workflow management among stakeholders presents significant obstacles that have a negative effect on efficiency and performance [9].
One illustration of these challenges is found in the construction industry, where inadequate coordination and collaboration can result in inefficiencies within the supply chain, as well as the need for costly rework [11]. In 2018, these difficulties exacted a steep price on the US construction industry, amounting to an estimated $31 billion in costs [12]. Secondly, the progression of a project frequently involves the exchange of money and/or information.