1 STATE BANK OF VIETNAM BANKING ACADEMY FACULTY OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES GRADUATION THESIS Title: DEVELOPMENT OF ELECTRONIC BANKING IN VIETNAM Co – Supervisor : Nguyen Thi Hoai Thu (MA) Nguyen Phuong Lan (MA) Student : Nguyen Thanh Binh Class : ATCB – K11 Faculty : Foreign Language -------------000------------- Hanoi, June 2012 2 ABSTRACT As Vietnam is booming and the society is opening up, E – commerce has put its first footstep in this rising economy. However, to really give the economy an upsurge, it is essential that the banking sector be reformed toward an E – age. Like other commercial banks in emerging economies, banking institutions in Vietnam have kept implementing E – banking service and achieved initial outcomes. This study examines the current situation of E – banking development in Vietnam by analysing three most potential services – Bank card, Internet banking and Mobile banking services in the period of 2009 - 2011.
In the study, the researcher uses the quantitive research method and qualitive research method. The study reveals that much need to be done to improve the quality of E – banking services to attract customers’ interests. The research finding also shows that the main limitations in implementing E - banking are low efficiency in the risk management policy and marketing strategies. 3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First, I would like to express the deepest appreciation to my supervisors, MA.
Nguyen Thi Hoai Thu of the International Training Program and MA. Nguyen Phuong Lan of the Foreign Language Faculty – Banking Academy. They have provided great support and wholeheatedly guided me during the studying process. I also thank them for their encouragement and precious comments on the draft research, which was of critical importance for this study.
I am heartily thankful to the Commercial Banking Department of the ANZ Bank (Vietnam) Limited and Relationship Managers who assisted me during the internship time. I would like to highlight that my experience with ANZ Bank Hanoi was very memorable and full of learning, where I found a lot of positive changes in my attitude, learning and behavior. The internship time provided me with opportunites to work and learn in the best working environment. Finally, I am deeply thankful to my family, my friends for their love and continuous support during the writing of this report.
My family always believed in me, always were there whenever I need them. I am also greatful to my friends for their valuable advice that help me a lot. Nguyen Thanh Binh 4 LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES Tables/ Title Page Figures Table 1 Benefits of E – banking 7 Table 2 Legal framework for E – banking activities 19 Table 3 The number of cards, commercial banks and card brands in the 22 period of 2009 – 2011 Table 4 The growth of ATM and POS system in the period of 2009 – 23 2011 Table 5 The return of Bank card service in the period of 2009 – 2011 24 (millions USD) Table 6 The number of internet banking users in Vietnam from 2009 – 26 2011 Table 7 The return of Internet banking service in the period of 2009 – 27 2011(millions USD) Table 8 The accomplishments of diverse facililites of Internet banking 28 service from 2009 – 2011 Table 9 The number of Mobile banking users in Vietnam from 2009 – 31 2011 Table The return of Mobile banking service in Vietnam from 2009 - 31 10 2011(millions USD) Table The accomplishments of diverse facililites of Mobile banking 32 11 service Figure 1 The facililites of Bank card service used by customers 25 Figure 2 The facililites of Internet banking service used by customers 29 Figure 3 The facililites of Mobile banking service used by customers 33 Figure 4 Reasons barring customers from using Mobile banking service 34 5 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS Abbreviation Meaning E – banking Electronic banking E – commerce Electronic commerce ATM Automated Teller Machine EFTPOS Electronic Fund Transfer at Point of Sale ACB Asia Commercial Bank VCB Bank for Foreign Trade of Vietnam HSBC The Hongkong Shanghai Banking Coporation ANZ Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited SBV State Bank of Vietnam EAB Eastern Asia Commercial Bank Vietinbank Vietnam Join Stock Commercial Bank for Industry and Trade MB Military Bank Sacombank SaiGon Commercial Joint Stock Bank Techcombank Technical and Commercial bank Agribank Vietnam Bank for Agriculture and Rural development BIDV Bank for Investment and Development of Vietnam VNBCA Vietnam Bank Card Association 6 ABSTRACT. II LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES.
III LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS. IV TABLE OF CONTENT. The Aim and Scope of the Study. Organization of the Study.
THEORETICAL BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY. Context for the development of Electronic banking. Background of E – banking development. Definition of E-banking.
Benefits of E – banking .Types of E – banking. Criteria to evaluate the development of E – banking. The number of services and products. The return of E – banking services.
The number of E – banking transactions. The number of E – banking customers. The facilities of products. The quality of services.
Early stage of penetration of E – banking. Legal framework for E – banking in Vietnam. Current situation of development of E – banking services in Vietnam. Bank card service.
Internet banking service. Mobile banking service. Limitations and causes. Quality of E – banking services.
Risk management activity. Summary and Findings. SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS. Solutions to develop E – banking services in the period 2012 – 2015.
Improving management capacity and human resource. Modernizing banking technology. Improving the efficiency of marketing strategies and population propaganda. Strengthening risk management in E – banking activities.
Diversifying E – banking products and services. Recommendations for Improvement. Recommendations for Further Study. 45 REFERENCES APPENDIX 1: STATEMENT OF ORGINIALITY AND AUTHENTICITY APPENDIX 2: INTERNSHIP STATEMENT OF BANK 8 I.
Rationales With the powerful development of the information technology system, the financial services industry has recently been open to a historic transformation. So – called E – developments are emerging and advancing rapidly in all areas of the financial market such as E – finance, E – banking, E – commerce, E – brokerage of which Electronic banking (E – banking) is the newest delivery channel for banking services. E – banking is not an alien concept in Vietnam. In the past two decades, a series of commercial banks and other financial institutions have kept investing in informatics technology.
The introduction of E – banking in Vietnam, therefore, has received positive responses. Ever since the SBV initiated the Inter – Bank Electronic Payment, the speed of electronic payment has been remarkably improved. In 2005, the total number of E – banking transactions was 3.5 million, and in 2006, this number increased to 6. More and more banks have been involved in the competition of providing E – banking services.
In 2005, only 7 banks adopted Core Banking, whereas in 2008 the figure grew to 44 banks (Saigontimes, 2008). A number of new products and facilities have been introduced to public, bringing great benefits to customers, banks as well as the economy. Though regarded as a potential market, E – banking in Vietnam has not been mature. Banking institutions in Vietnam are facing with many challenges in implementing and improving E – banking services.
It is of necessity to assess the development of E – banking in Vietnam, research limitations and overcome challenges. Therefore, in order to contribute to improving the quality of banking services in Vietnam in the period of integration, the researcher selected the topic “Development of Electronic banking in Vietnam” for graduation paper. Hopefully the topic will contribute to help banks have orientation and measures to develop electronic banking services in the new period. The Aim and Scope of the Study The overall aim of the research is to assess the current situation of the E – banking’s development in Vietnam.
It also suggests solutions to developing Vietnam’s E – banking services in the period of 2012 to 2015. This study, therefore, is a useful source for banks in the activities of implementing their E – banking services. The research focuses on the current situation of E – banking development in Vietnam over the period from 31st December 2009 to 31st December 2011. To achieve the target of the reseach, the reseacher tries to find answers to the following questions: RQ1.
What is the current state of E- banking ‘s development in Vietnam? RQ2. What are the achievements and limitations of E – banking in Vietnam? RQ3. How could commercial banks improve E – banking services? 1. Research methodology The study is conducted with secondary data.
Some relevant studies will be reviewed to see what other Vietnamese and foreign researchers have reported about the development of E – banking in Vietnam. Some theories have been gathered from external sources such as libraries, text books and other documents on Internet. In the study, the researcher uses the quantitive research method and qualitive research method. The author uses the quantitive research method through multivariate and diagrams analysis.
Qualitive research method is used through analysis on basic criteria. The analysis result largely depends on the quality or accuracy of such data and information. Organization of the Study The structure of the study is as follows. II presents theoretical background of E – banking.
III describes the current situation of E – banking’s development in Vietnam in recent years. IV dicusses the achievements, limitations and figures out 10 causes of limitations to create a firm base for suggestions in the next section. The last section proposes solutions and recommendations. THEORETICAL BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY 2.
Context for the development of Electronic banking The story of E – banking started in as early as the 1960s when the development of an electronic based payment was inspired by the trend of employers paying wages and salaries directly to their employees' bank accounts. Basic software and private networks ensued as initial efforts to digitalize their system. A good example for such early electronic efforts was the Inter Organization (IOS) which ranged from closed systems such as banks’ corporate cash management systems to more sophisticated intra – industry systems. In the 1970s, the appearance of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) and Electronic Funds Transfer (EFT) opened a new way of sending documents and invoices electronically in a secured and seamless way.
EDI coud be regarded as a mature form of IOS with distinguished improvements, for example, its open standardization format that results in a higher level of compatibility with systems of different standards. It was with the birth of the two technologies that the idea of an inter- organization communication protocol was realized, though in a very primitive form. The 1980s saw technology propelling the banking industry even further. The Credit cards, Automated Teller Machine (ATM) and Telephone banking actually gave E – Banking a new dimension.
The arrival of these products and their underlying technologies definitely made it easier for the vast of population to access banks and their money. These innovations have created a high speed of money turnover because people could have access to their banks and perform financial transactions through multiple means and at different times. It is, however, the 90s with the proliferation of Internet applications that really gave banking industry a quantum leap (Daniel, E. The Internet not only influenced on all prior efforts in interbank transactions but it also performed these protocols at an incredible speed.
The Internet with enhanced security for 12 online transactions made online banking or Internet banking become the core of E – banking. In the past two decades, the increasingly intensive penetration of personal computers and Internet access has been a micraculous milestone for the rapid development of E – banking.