VIET NAM GENERAL CONFEDRATION OF LABOR TON DUC THANG UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF BUSINESS ADMITRATION RESEARCH METHOD Topic: The pleasure and fulfillment that customers experience when utilizing the services offered by the Vinpearl hotel chain. Instructor: TRAN THI VAN TRANG Group: Phuc Long Ho Chi Minh, March 2023 VIET NAM GENERAL CONFEDRATION OF LABOR TON DUC THANG UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF BUSINESS ADMITRATION RESEARCH METHOD Topic: The pleasure and fulfillment that customers experience when utilizing the services offered by the Vinpearl hotel chain. Instructor: TRAN THI VAN TRANG Group: Phuc Long Ho Chi Minh, March 2023 LIST OF MEMBER No. Full Name Student ID Content implementation Reviews Sign • Chapter 1 (1.7) • Chapter 4 Nguyen • Chapter 5 (5.2) 1 100% Manh Dung 721K0439 • Run SmartPLS 4 • Design and collect questionaire form • Powerpoint and presentation • Chapter 1 • Chapter 2 (2.2) Vo Nguyen 2 721V0025 • Chapter 4 (4.5) 100% Thao Nguyen • Chapter 5 (5.4) Pham Hoang 3 721K0414 • Chapter 4 (4.4) • Presentation COMMENTS FROM LECTURERS.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS First of all, we would like to express our deepest and most sincere thanks to the instructor who guided our – Mrs. Tran Thi Van Trang – Lecturer of Faculty of Business Administration, Ton Duc Thang University for wholeheartedly guiding our through the learning process as well as giving suggestions and creating the best conditions in completing the report. Secondly, our team would like to express our sincere gratitude to the Faculty of Business Administration at Ton Duc Thang University for providing us with the opportunity to study and research this subject. The Faculty has been incredibly supportive, sharing their expertise and knowledge of referencing documents, which has not only been useful in carrying out and completing our research project, but also in our overall learning and practical experiences at Ton Duc Thang University.
Thirdly, we would like to thank our teachers for their guidance, help, and the knowledge they have imparted upon us during this project. Despite the challenges of online learning with a new teaching method, we were able to complete our research project thanks to their support. Additionally, we would like to express our gratitude to our team members who have worked together to accomplish this study. Finally, we would like to extend our sincerest wishes to our teachers and friends, who have continuously supported and cared for us throughout our academic journey.
We hope that they are always healthy and at peace. Our team is grateful for their kindness and wishes to express our thanks once again. DECLARATION OF AUTHORSHIP THE THESIS HAS BEEN ACCOMPLISHED AT TON DUC THANG UNIVERSITY We hereby declare that our report is our own work under the guidance and guidance of MBA. Tran Thi Van Trang; and that the work and the results contained therein are original and have never been sent anywhere for any purpose.
The figures and figures presented in this report are the analysis, comments and assessments from various sources made by ourself and have been fully recorded in the reference section. In addition, comments, reviews and other data used by other authors and organizations have been clearly recorded and cited. We will take full responsibility for any fraud discovered in our report. Ton Duc Thang University is not involved in any copyright infringement of my work (if any).
Author ABSTRACT The present research study proposes an integrated model that aims to examine the influence of several constructs, namely, customer brand identification, affective commitment, customer satisfaction, and brand trust, on the customer behavioral intention of loyalty within the hospitality industry. This research combines social identity theory and relationship marketing theory. The data for this research was collected through a survey administered to 345 customers who stayed at Vinpearl’s hotel chains. Confirmatory factor analysis was utilized to analyze the data, followed by structural equation modeling.
The findings suggest that customer brand identification has a direct impact on customer behavior intention of loyalty and is also mediated by affective commitment, customer satisfaction, and brand trust. Additionally, the latter three constructs have a direct influence on customer behavior intention of loyalty, and the impact of customer satisfaction and brand trust on customer behavior intention of loyalty is also mediated by affective commitment. These results have not been extensively explored in the marketing field, particularly in the hospitality research domain. Further exploration of these relationships can potentially advance the field.
Keywords: customers behavior, hospitality industry, hospitality management, consumers preferences, economy LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS PLS-SEM Partial Least Square - Structural Equation Modeling CSR Customer Loyalty Relationship CFA Confirmatory Factor Analysis CBI Customer Brand Identification BT Brand Trust CS Customer Satisfaction AC Affective Commitment CBIL Customer Behavioral Intention of Loyalty AVE Average Variance Extracted SIT Social Identity Theory RMT Relationship Marketing Theory H Hypothesis SOR Stimulus – Organism - Response TAM Technology Acceptance Model LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2. 16 LIST OF TABLES Table 3.2 Parameters of variables in SmartPls 4 .2 Conformity results of factors .3 Outer loading, VIF, AVE and Composite Reliability (Smart PLS 4.4 Fornell and Larcker criterion .5 Heterotrait – Monotrait ratio test. 42 TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1.3 Purpose of research .5 Significant of research .2 Concepts and theories: .1 Customer Brand Identification (CBI) .2 Customer Brand Identification of Loyalty (CBIL) .1 The research conducted by Waris Ali, Yu Danni, Badar Latif , Rehana Kouser and Saleh Baqader (2021) .2 The research conducted by James Agyei, Shaorong Sun, Emmanuel Kofi Penney, Eugene Abrokwah, and Richmond Ofori-Boafo (2021).3 The research by Raouf Ahmad Rather, Shehnaz Tehseen, Murtaza Hassan Itoo & Shakir Hussain Parrey (2019) .4 Research Model and Hypothesis .1 Customer Brand Identification .5 Customer behavioral intention of loyalty .7 Data analysis method .2 Internal Consistency Reliability .3 Variance Inflation Factor .4 Test for Moderating Effect .1 Customer Brand Identification positively impact on Affective Commitment .2 Brand Trust has a positive relationship with Customer Behavioral Intention of Loyalty .3 Customer Satisfaction positively influence Customer Behavioral Intention of Loyalty .4 Customer Brand Identification has a positive direct effect on Customer Behavioral Intention of Loyalty .5 Limitations and Recommendations for future research. 62 Appendix 1: Smart PLS result: .1 Background In the year 2018, it was estimated that the travel and tourism industry contributed 10.4% to the global gross domestic product (GDP), with a direct contribution of 3.
Prior to the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, the total and direct contribution of this sector to the GDP in the year 2029 was projected to be 11. Taking into account both direct and indirect contributions, the tourism industry provided employment for approximately 319 million individuals across the globe in 2018, representing 10% of the total global workforce. As a major player in the tourism industry, the hospitality sector contributes greatly to the success of tourism in a country. In terms of contribution to the overall economy, the service industry recovered and expanded strongly, reaching a growth rate of 9.99% in 2022, the highest rate since 2011.
The tourism and hospitality industry has grown steadily over time and emerged as the world's largest service sector profit earner. Every nation strives to capture the tourism market by providing superior tourism products and/or services due to the industry's fierce competition. In addition, traveling has become more convenient and cost-effective as a result of revolutionary industry shifts like the rise of low-cost airlines and online platforms for lodging reservations. Since 2021, Vietnam has become one of the most appealing destination and reached 6th place in Southeast Asia.
In recent years, new high-end hotels have been built as a result of the rising number of tourists visiting Vietnam. With the advantage of scenery and culture, Vietnam is always an attractive destination for tourists. The development of the tourism industry thereby promotes the growth of the hospitality industry. The COVID-19 outbreak has caused a lot of damage to Vietnam's tourism industry.
The pandemic forced the closure of the country, the refusal of international travel. While domestic travel is still allowed, the outbreak of COVID- 1 19 is still limiting travel throughout Vietnam. Companies and businesses operating in the tourism sector suffered large losses and some closed; restaurants and hotels also had to shut down. According to the World Tourism & Travel Council (WTTC), in 2020-2021 alone, the pandemic caused the loss of 62 out of a total of 334 million jobs in the tourism industry.
According to a report of the Hanoi Department of Tourism, in 2021, about 1,550 accommodation establishments suspended operations and changed industries; Along with about 21,500 workers in the tourism industry who had to suspend their jobs, accounting for 34% of the total number of employees serving in the accommodation sector, 11,600 workers terminated labor contracts, accounting for about 18. Across most provinces in the country, it is also common for tourism workers to quit their jobs to find new jobs.vn) And according to statistics of the Vietnam National Administration of Tourism, revenue of accommodation and catering services in the first quarter of 2020 decreased by 9.6% compared to the same period last year. In which the City. Ho Chi Minh City, Da Nang, Hanoi.
all reduced from 15% to 30% of revenue. The Covid-19 pandemic in 2020 has had a strong impact on the Vietnamese economy, in which, the tourism industry is heavily affected. Flight bans, travel restrictions and the apprehension of tourists due to fear of the impact of the Covid- 19 epidemic have caused many hotels, restaurants and retail chains in tourist destinations to become empty, tourism revenue plummeted. According to experts, in 2020, Vietnam's tourism does not reach the target of welcoming 20.5 million international visitors.
The recovery of Vietnam's tourism will depend on when the Covid-19 epidemic is controlled in the world. According to many tourism operators, in the past 2 years, due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, many travel businesses have closed, stopped operating, exhausted financial resources, leading to many workers in the tourism industry having to quit their jobs or switch to new jobs. Many skilled workers are concerned that jobs in the tourism industry lack 2 stability, so they do not want to change careers, thereby leading to a shortage of labor in the tourism industry, in tourism business enterprises. The imbalance of supply and demand for human resources in the tourism industry, the problem of lack of human resources in the tourism industry, including high-quality human resources is unavoidable when Vietnam's tourism is in the recovery period.
The re- recruitment and training of new human resources is a balanced problem of business performance of enterprises after two years of being affected by the epidemic. Due to the impact of the pandemic, the revenue of the tourism industry in 2020 decreased by 59. Accommodation and catering revenue also decreased, down 13% compared to 2019. WTTC produces reports on the economic and employment impact of Travel & Tourism for 185 countries/economies and 25 geographic or economic regions in the world.
WTTC’s latest annual research shows: Following a loss of almost US$4.4% decline), Travel & Tourism's contribution to GDP increased by US$1 trillion (+21. In 2019, the Travel & Tourism sector contributed 10.3% to global GDP; a share which decreased to 5.3% in 2020 due to ongoing restrictions to mobility. 2021 saw the share increasing to 6. The decrease in tourism activities has resulted in a considerable decline in revenue generated by the travel and tourism industry in 2020, which stood at VND 17.9 trillion, representing a substantial drop of 59.5% from the previous year.
Notably, several localities experienced a significant decline in tourism revenue in 2020, with Khanh Hoa recording an 85.1% decrease, Quang Nam a 78.7% decrease, Ho Chi Minh City a 76.7% decrease, Da Nang a 73.3% decrease, Ba Ria - Vung Tau a 64.3% decrease, Binh Duong a 60.1% decrease, Quang Binh a 58.2% decrease, Can Tho a 55.4% decrease, and Binh Dinh a 40. Additionally, the revenue generated from accommodation and food 3 services in the current year is estimated at only 510.