VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY - HO CHI MINH CITY HO CHI MINH CITY UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY --------o0o-------- LE NGUYEN QUANG TU METALLIC NANOPARTICLES SUPPORTED ON ZEOLITE- ADDED TiO2 AND PLASMA-MODIFIED TiO2: SYNTHESIS AND PHOTOCATALYTIC OXIDATION APPLICATIONS Major: Chemical Engineering No.: 8520301 MASTER THESIS HO CHI MINH CITY, 30 October 2019 CÔNG TRÌNH ĐƯỢC HOÀN THÀNH TẠI TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC BÁCH KHOA –ĐHQG -HCM Cán bộ hướng dẫn khoa học : PGS. Nguyễn Quang Long TS. Cù Thành Sơn Cán bộ chấm nhận xét 1 : PGS. Hồ Thị Thanh Vân Cán bộ chấm nhận xét 2 : PGS.
Nguyễn Thị Phương Phong Luận văn thạc sĩ được bảo vệ tại Trường Đại học Bách Khoa, ĐHQG Tp. HCM ngày 25 tháng 10 năm 2019. Thành phần Hội đồng đánh giá luận văn thạc sĩ gồm: 1. Phan Thanh Sơn Nam 2.
Hồ Thị Thanh Vân 3. Nguyễn Thị Phương Phong 4. Trần Thụy Tuyết Mai 5. Đặng Bảo Trung Xác nhận của Chủ tịch Hội đồng đánh giá LV và Trưởng Khoa quản lý chuyên ngành sau khi luận văn đã được sửa chữa (nếu có).
CHỦ TỊCH HỘI ĐỒNG TRƯỞNG KHOA KỸ THUẬT HOÁ HỌC I ĐẠI HỌC QUỐC GIA TP.HCM CỘNG HÒA XÃ HỘI CHỦ NGHĨA VIỆT NAM TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC BÁCH KHOA Độc lập - Tự do - Hạnh phúc NHIỆM VỤ LUẬN VĂN THẠC SĨ Họ tên học viên:. Ngày, tháng, năm sinh:. NHIỆM VỤ VÀ NỘI DUNG:. NGÀY GIAO NHIỆM VỤ : IV.
NGÀY HOÀN THÀNH NHIỆM VỤ: V. CÁN BỘ HƯỚNG DẪN. HCM, ngày … tháng … năm 20… CÁN BỘ HƯỚNG DẪN CHỦ NHIỆM BỘ MÔN ĐÀO TẠO (Họ tên và chữ ký) (Họ tên và chữ ký) TRƯỞNG KHOA …………… (Họ tên và chữ ký) II ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would like to send my deepest gratitude to Associate Professor-Dr. Nguyen Quang Long and Dr.
Cu Thanh Son, who had spent a lot of time, their great effort and dedication to communicate their valuable knowledge and experience in the process of completing this thesis. Without their guidance and persistence help, this theisis would not have been possible. I would like to express my appreciation to the teachers of Department of Physico- Chemical Engineering - Faculty of Chemical Engineering of Ho Chi Minh University of Technology, who have communicated valuable knowledge to me while studying at the university. This is a very important foundation for me to complete my thesis.
I would like to thank the review committee, for spending time reading and giving valuable comments on my thesis. Finally, I would like to send my sincere thanks to my family and friends, who have encouraged and helped me through the years at Ho Chi Minh University of Technology. Ho Chi Minh City, Oct 2019 III ABSTRACT This thesis studied the preparation of nanoparticles Au/TiO2-ZY and plasma- treated Au/TiO2 as catalysts for photocatalytic reaction which is a treatment of air pollutants VOCs. The physicochemical properties of catalyst had been characterzied by various methods, including XRD, SEM, TEM, FTIR, ICP, BET surface area.
Within the thesis, toluene vapor was used as a typical VOC to evaluate the photo- catalytic activity under UV light. The toluene concentrations before and after the reaction were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC). The effects of moisture concentration abd reaction temperature were investigated. In each reaction, only one parameter was changed, while the other parameters were fixed.
The catalytic performance of zeolite-added TiO2 was enhanced due to the support of high surface area in zeolite and the surface plasmon resonance of Au nanoparticles. The photo-catalytic oxidation process was stable throughout the whole experiment and was able to degrade 70% of toluene in the gas mixture. The presence of –OH functional group in plasma-treated samples enhance the toluene removal efficiency under low humid condition. Furthermore, water content in gas mixture are less likely to effect the catalytic activity compared to non-treated TiO2.
IV TÓM TẮT Luận văn này nghiên cứu quá trình tổng hợp nano Au/TiO2-ZY và Au/TiO2 biến tính plasma làm chất xúc tác cho phản ứng quang hoát xử lý các chất gây ô nhiễm không khí VOCs. Các tính chất hóa lý của chất xúc tác đã được xác định bằng nhiều phương pháp khác nhau, bao gồm XRD, SEM, TEM, FTIR, ICP, diện tích bề mặt BET. Trong luận án, hơi toluene được sử dụng làm nguồn VOC điển hình để đánh giá hoạt động xúc tác quang dưới ánh sáng tia cực tím. Nồng độ toluene trước và sau phản ứng được phân tích bằng sắc ký khí (GC).
Ảnh hưởng của nồng độ ẩm, nhiệt độ phản ứng đã được nghiên cứu. Trong mỗi phản ứng, chỉ có một tham số thay đổi, trong khi các tham số khác được cố định. Đối với Au/TiO2-ZY, hiệu suất xúc tác được tăng cường nhờ sự hỗ trợ của diện tích bề mặt cao trong zeolite và cộng hưởng plasmon bề mặt của hạt nano Au. Quá trình oxy hóa xúc tác quang hóa ổn định trong toàn bộ thí nghiệm và có thể làm giảm 70% lượng toluene trong hỗn hợp khí.
Đối với Au/TiO2 biến tính plasma, sự hiện diện của nhóm chức -OH tăng cường hiệu quả loại bỏ toluene trong điều kiện độ ẩm thấp. Hơn nữa, hàm lượng nước trong hỗn hợp khí ít có khả năng ảnh hưởng đến hoạt động xúc tác so với TiO2 không được xử lý. V LỜI CAM ĐOAN CỦA TÁC GIẢ LUẬN VĂN Tôi xin cam đoan những kết quả được trình bày trong Luận văn Thạc sĩ này là do chính tôi thực hiện từ kiên thức của chính mình. Tôi không nộp luận văn này cho bất kỳ Trường, Viện nào để được cấp bằng.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT OF AUTHORIZATION The results presented in this Master Thesis were made by myself from my own knowledge. I do not submit this thesis to any School or Institute to obtain a degree. Ho Chi Minh City, 01 October 2019 Author Le Nguyen Quang Tu VI CONTENT Page NHIỆM VỤ LUẬN VĂN THẠC SĨ. IV ACKNOWLEDGMENT OF AUTHORIZATION.
VI LIST OF FIGURES. X LIST OF TABLES. XI LIST OF ABBRIVIATIONS. XII CHAPTER 1: OVERVIEW.
Volatile organic compounds. Treatment of VOCs in the gas phase. Biological filtration method. Photocatalytic oxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs).
Noble metal doping. AuNPs optical characteristic. Plasma surface modification. Method of analyzing.
Chemicals and equipment. Preparation of catalyst. Characterization of catalyst. Investigation of the effects of reaction’s conditions.
33 CHAPTER 3: RESULT AND DISCUSSION. Characterization of catalysts. X-ray diffraction pattern of catalysts. BET specific area - ICP analysis.
FTIR analysis of plasma treated catalysts. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Catalytic performance of modified TiO2. The effect of UV light on the degradation of toluene.
The effect of gold nanoparticles on the photo-catalytic performance of TiO2. The catalytic performance of hydro-plasma-treated TiO2. The adsorption efficiency of plasma treated TiO2 samples. The effect of plasma treating time on the photo-catalytic activity of plasma-treated TiO2.
The effect of relative humidity on the photo-catalytic activity of plasma-treated TiO2. The effect of reactor temperature on the catalytic activity. The catalytic performance of zeolite-added TiO2. The adsorption efficiency of zeolite-added TiO2 samples.
The effect of zeolite ratio on the photo-catalytic activity of Au/TiO2 samples. The effect of relative humidity on the photo-catalytic activity of zeolite- added TiO2 sample. The effect of temperature on the catalytic activity of Au/TiO2-ZY. Summary on the photo-catalytic activity of zeolite-added TiO2 samples.
53 CHAPTER 4: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONs. 56 IX LIST OF FIGURES Page Figure 1. Flow chart of bio-filtration system. Schematic diagram of equipment used for condensing VOCs.
Structure of activated carbon. The diagram illustrates the photocatalytic mechanism of TiO2. Lattice structure of Rutile. Lattice structure of Anatase.
Photo-catalyst investigation route. Au face-centered cubic lattice structure. Illustration of the excitation of localized surface plasmon resonance. Spatial structure of zeolite Y (a) and frame structure of zeolite (b).
The angle of incidence and angle of reflection in XRD method. Diagram of principle XRD analysis equipment. Gas chromatography system. Hydrogen plasma system.
The process of preparing Au/TiO2. The process of synthesis zeolite Y. The reaction system. XRD pattern of TiO2, Au/TiO2, TiO2-X and zeolite Y.
FTIR spectrum of plasma treated TiO2 samples. FTIR spectrum of plasma treated Au/TiO2 samples. The SEM images of Au/TiO2 samples. The TEM images of Au/TiO2.
Au nanoparticles size distribution in Au/TiO2 samples. Energy distribution spectrum of Sankyo Denki F10T8BLB (10W). The effect of UV light on toluene removal. The effect of gold nanoparticles on the photo-catalytic activity of TiO2.
a) Diagram illustrating the light absorption length/minority carrier diffusion length mismatch in TiO2. b) Diagram illustrating the local field enhancement of gold nanoparticles. An alternative route of photo-electron under the presence of AuNPs [13]. Toluene removal by adsorption of TiO2, plasma TiO2 and p-Au/TiO2.
The toluene removal efficiency of TiO2-X samples with different plasma durations. The toluene removal efficiency of H-Au/TiO2 samples with different plasma durations. The effect of humidity on the toluene removal efficiency of TiO2, Au/TiO2 p-TiO2 and p-Au/TiO2. The effect of temperature on the toluene removal efficiency of TiO2 and Au/TiO2-ZY: 39oC (line) and 50oC (dash).
Toluene removal by adsorption of TiO2, Au/TiO2 and Au/TiO2-ZY. The effect of Au/TiO2:zeolite ratio on the toluene removal efficiency. The effect of humidity on the toluene removal efficiency of TiO2 and Au/TiO2-ZY: 60% (blue) and 15% (red). The effect of temperature on the toluene removal efficiency.
52 LIST OF TABLES Page Table 1. Overview of important sources and global annual emission rates of selected groups of VOC per year (2007). Overview of average tropospheric lifetimes of VOC compound groups and some selected VOCs as examples. Specific mass and energy of the restricted area of TiO2.
Some methods of modified metal and application. Some methods of preparing hydrogenated TiO2. List of chemicals. 35 XI LIST OF ABBRIVIATIONS VOCs Volatile organic compounds p-TiO2 Plasma treated TiO2 TEM Transmission electron microscopy SEM Scanning electron microcospy Ctol Concentration of toluene, ppmv CO2 Concentration of oxy, v% F Feed stream, mL/min T Temperature, oC mcat Catalyst’s weight, g RH Relative humidity, % NPs Nanoparticles PCO Photo-catalytic oxidation XII CHAPTER 1: OVERVIEW 1.
Introduction With the rapid development of society, people are living with life that is more comfortable. However, along with the positive aspects, the process of industrialization - modernization has many negative effects. Environmental pollution has become a global problem, especially air and water pollution. Vietnam is a developing country with a breakthrough in industry.
The emergence of many industrial parks, factories is promoting the strong economic development of the country. However, they were built near urban areas and not all factories are equipped with efficient waste treatment systems, especially gas and wastewater, before releasing into the environment. Thus, the industrial activity is one of the major causes of air pollution. The development of the industry, especially the chemical industry, also contributes great values to human life.
Household products provide comfort and convenience to users. Nevertheless, most products of this industry are using chemical solvents and these substances are the source of indoor pollution and one of which is volatile organic compounds (or VOCs). They appear in detergents, paints, etc. in small quantities.
However, the accumulation of VOCs over time can harmfully affect human health, especially sensitive people such as children and the elderly. Therefore, it is necessary to eliminate this source of indoor pollution. Volatile organic compounds Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) do not have a common definition. It is used to refer to all organic compounds that exist in the atmosphere.